AI for the Common Good?! Pitfalls, challenges, and Ethics Pen-Testing

Recently, many AI researchers and practitioners have embarked on research visions that involve doing AI for "Good". This is part of a general drive towards infusing AI research and practice with ethical thinking. One frequent theme in current ethical guidelines is the requirement that AI be good for all, or: contribute to the Common Good. But what is the Common Good, and is it enough to want to be good? Via four lead questions, I will illustrate challenges and pitfalls when determining, from an AI point of view, what the Common Good is and how it can be enhanced by AI. The questions are: What is the problem / What is a problem?, Who defines the problem?, What is the role of knowledge?, and What are important side effects and dynamics? The illustration will use an example from the domain of "AI for Social Good", more specifically "Data Science for Social Good". Even if the importance of these questions may be known at an abstract level, they do not get asked sufficiently in practice, as shown by an exploratory study of 99 contributions to recent conferences in the field. Turning these challenges and pitfalls into a positive recommendation, as a conclusion I will draw on another characteristic of computer-science thinking and practice to make these impediments visible and attenuate them: "attacks" as a method for improving design. This results in the proposal of ethics pen-testing as a method for helping AI designs to better contribute to the Common Good.Comment: to appear in Paladyn. Journal of Behavioral Robotics; accepted on 27-10-201

Gender-Neutral Pronouns: Inclusive, Subversive, Progressive

The Reflective Essay describes a research journey that recognized the importance of information literacy, took advantage of “full access to any scholarly source I found through the databases,” and included an interview with a professor to provide personal perspective and expertise. The author focuses on issues of language and gender, specifically on pronoun usage. Her discussion considers the advantages of both traditional and gender-neutral pronouns, and she concludes that for the issue of pronoun preference to gain public attention it must become more than an activist cause, but also “a simple question of empathy and respect.

Ubiquitous Social Networks: Opportunities and Challenges for Privacy-Aware User Modelling

Privacy has been recognized as an important topic in the Internet for a long time, and technological developments in the area of privacy tools are ongoing. However, their focus was mainly on the individual. With the proliferation of social network sites, it has become more evident that the problem of privacy is not bounded by the perimeters of individuals but also by the privacy needs of their social networks. The objective of this paper is to contribute to the discussion about privacy in social network sites, a topic which we consider to be severely under-researched. We propose a framework for analyzing privacy requirements and for analyzing privacy-related data. We outline a combination of requirements analysis, conflict-resolution techniques, and a P3P extension that can contribute to privacy within such sites.World Wide Web, privacy, social network analysis, requirements analysis, privacy negotiation, ubiquity, P3P

Vol. 20, No. 2

Contents: The Early Years of the Illinois Educational Labor Relations Board (1984-1992) Part I, by Gerald E. Berendt Editor\u27s Note: This is the first of a two-part article. Part II will appear in the Summer 2003 issue. Recent Developments Further References, compiled by Margaret A. Chaplanhttps://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/iperr/1074/thumbnail.jp

Vol. 20, No. 2

Contents: The Early Years of the Illinois Educational Labor Relations Board (1984-1992) Part I, by Gerald E. Berendt Editor\u27s Note: This is the first of a two-part article. Part II will appear in the Summer 2003 issue. Recent Developments Further References, compiled by Margaret A. Chaplanhttps://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/iperr/1074/thumbnail.jp

Vol. 20, No. 3

Contents: The Early Years of the Illinois Educational Labor Relations Board (1984-1992) Part II, by Gerald E. Berendt Editor\u27s Note: This is the second of a two-part article. Part I appeared in the Spring 2003 issue and covered passage of the IELRA, the first IELRB, subjects of bargaining and the appointment of Chairman Berendt. Part II picks up where Part I left off. Recent Developments Further References, compiled by Margaret A. Chaplanhttps://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/iperr/1075/thumbnail.jp