512 research outputs found
Discovering the Value of Multidisciplinary Approaches to Research: Insights from a Sabbatical
In this informal report, I outline my research efforts, collaborations, and
other experiences while participating in the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)'s
Advanced Graduate Research Program (AGRP), aka Sabbatical, from October 2008
through September 2009. This report is in no way intended to present the
technical details of the various research projects, but rather a broad overview
of the small ways my efforts may have contributed to ongoing research. I wish
to convey to the reader the value of multidisciplinary approaches to scientific
research and how the AGRP facilitates these opportunities.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Thermal Roughening and Deroughening at Polymer Interfaces in Electrophoretic Deposition
Thermal scaling and relaxation of the interface width in an electrophoretic
deposition of polymer chains is examined by a three-dimensional Monte Carlo
simulation on a discrete lattice. Variation of the equilibrium interface width
with the temperature shows deroughening ,
with , at low temperatures and roughening , with at high temperatures. The roughening-deroughening
transition temperature increases with longer chain lengths and is reduced
by using the slower segmental dynamics.Comment: This is a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright
protection in the United States. Foreign copyrights may appl
Almost rolling motion: An investigation of rolling grooved cylinders
We examine the dynamics of cylinders that are grooved to form N teeth for
rolling motion down an inclined plane. The grooved cylinders are experimentally
found to reach a terminal velocity. This result can be explained by the
inclusion of inelastic processes which occur whenever a tooth hits the surface.
The fraction of the angular velocity that is lost during an inelastic collision
is phenomenologically found to be proportional to
(2*sin^2*pi/N)-(alpha*sin^3*pi/N), and the method of least squares is used to
find the constant alpha=0.98. The adjusted theoretical results for the time of
rolling as well as for terminal velocity are found to be in good agreement with
the experimental results.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures http://link.aip.org/link/?AJPIAS/66/202/
Density and conformation with relaxed substrate, bulk, and interface electrophoretic deposition of polymer chains
Characteristics of relaxed density profile and conformation of polymer chains
are studied by a Monte Carlo simulation on a discrete lattice in three
dimensions using different segmental (kink-jump , crank-shaft , reptation
) dynamics. Three distinct density regimes, substrate, bulk, and interface,
are identified. With the segmental dynamics we find that the substrate
coverage grows with a power-law, with a field
dependent nonuniversal exponent . The bulk volume
fraction and the substrate polymer density () increases
exponentially with the field (, ) in
the low field regime. The interface polymer density increases with the
molecular weight. With the segmental dynamics, bulk and substrate density
decreases linearly with the temperature at high temperatures. The bulk volume
fraction is found to decay with the molecular weight, . The radius of gyration remains Gaussian in all density regions.Comment: Changed double to single spacin
A Q-Ising model application for linear-time image segmentation
A computational method is presented which efficiently segments digital
grayscale images by directly applying the Q-state Ising (or Potts) model. Since
the Potts model was first proposed in 1952, physicists have studied lattice
models to gain deep insights into magnetism and other disordered systems. For
some time, researchers have realized that digital images may be modeled in much
the same way as these physical systems (i.e., as a square lattice of numerical
values). A major drawback in using Potts model methods for image segmentation
is that, with conventional methods, it processes in exponential time. Advances
have been made via certain approximations to reduce the segmentation process to
power-law time. However, in many applications (such as for sonar imagery),
real-time processing requires much greater efficiency. This article contains a
description of an energy minimization technique that applies four Potts
(Q-Ising) models directly to the image and processes in linear time. The result
is analogous to partitioning the system into regions of four classes of
magnetism. This direct Potts segmentation technique is demonstrated on
photographic, medical, and acoustic images.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, revtex, uses subfigure.sty. Central European
Journal of Physics, in press (2010
Interface relaxation in electrophoretic deposition of polymer chains: Effects of segmental dynamics, molecular weight, and field
Using different segmental dynamics and relaxation, characteristics of the
interface growth is examined in an electrophoretic deposition of polymer chains
on a three (2+1) dimensional discrete lattice with a Monte Carlo simulation.
Incorporation of faster modes such as crankshaft and reptation movements along
with the relatively slow kink-jump dynamics seems crucial in relaxing the
interface width. As the continuously released polymer chains are driven (via
segmental movements) and deposited, the interface width grows with the
number of time steps , (--,
which is followed by its saturation to a steady-state value . Stopping the
release of additional chains after saturation while continuing the segmental
movements relaxes the saturated width to an equilibrium value ().
Scaling of the relaxed interface width with the driving field , remains similar to that of the steady-state width. In
contrast to monotonic increase of the steady-state width , the relaxed
interface width is found to decay (possibly as a stretched exponential)
with the molecular weight.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figure
Density and Conformation with Relaxed Substrate, Bulk, and Interface in Electrophoretic Deposition of Polymer Chains
Characteristics of relaxed density profile and conformation of polymer chains are studied by a Monte Carlo simulation on a discrete lattice in three dimensions using different segmental (kink-jump (K), crank-shaft (C), reptation (R)) dynamics. Three distinct density regimes, substrate, bulk, and interface, are identified. With the KC segmental dynamics, we find that the substrate coverage grows with a power law, ds∝tγ with a field (E) dependent non-universal exponent γ=0.23+0.7E. The bulk volume fraction db and the substrate polymer density (ds) increases with the field with power-laws (db∝E0.4, ds∝E0.2) in the low field regime. The interface polymer density df increases with the molecular weight. With the KCR segmental dynamics, bulk and substrate density decreases linearly with the temperature at high temperatures. The bulk volume fraction is found to decay with the molecular weight, db∝Lc−0.11. The radius of gyration remains Gaussian in all density regions
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