791 research outputs found
A Resource-Based Analysis of IT Oursourcing
This paper studies the relationships between the choice of a sourcing mode for information systems, the value of the resources used in systems development activities and the presence of those resources at sufficient level within the firm. The objective is to better understand the factors underlying the decision to keep the development of an information system inside the firm or to entrust it to an outside partner. A sourcing model is proposed using the resource-based theory. A case study is used to illustrate the concepts used in the research model. Data from this case illustrate how the model could be used to predict the appropriate sourcing mode, given the availability of the necessary resources and their strategic value.
Ce document étudie les liens entre le choix d'un mode de gestion (interne ou impartition) et la valeur stratégique des ressources utilisées pour la conduite de l'activité évaluée. Les éléments de base de l'approche des ressources sont présentés et un modÚle d'approvisionnement est dérivé de cette approche. Un cas est utilisé pour illustrer les concepts.Resource-based theory, software development, outsourcing, management of software development projects, Théorie fondée sur les compétences, développement de logiciels, impartition, gestion de projets de développement de systÚmes
A Resource Based View of the Information Systems Sourcing Mode
This paper studies the relationships between the choice of a sourcing mode for information systems, the value of the resources used in systems development activities and the presence of those resources at sufficient level within the firm. The objective is to better understand the factors underlying the decision to keep the development of an information system inside the firm or to entrust it to an outside partner. A sourcing model is proposed using the resource-based theory. Two case studies drawn from a larger study are used to illustrate the concepts used in the research model. Data from these two projects illustrate how the model could be used to predict the sourcing mode retained by the managers for each project, given the availability of the necessary resources and the strategic value of the future system.
Cette recherche tente de mesurer le lien entre le mode de gestion d'une activitĂ© (gestion interne ou impartition) et la valeur de l'activitĂ© d'une part, et la prĂ©sence des ressources requises dans l'entreprise d'autre part. L'objectif est de mieux comprendre les facteurs sous-jacents Ă une dĂ©cision d'internalisation ou d'impartition d'une activitĂ©. Deux cas sont prĂ©sentĂ©s. Ces cas traitent de dĂ©veloppement de systĂšmes informatiques. Ils permettent d'illustrer le pouvoir explicatif du modĂšle. Les donnĂ©es illustrent bien comment le modĂšle proposĂ© peut ĂȘtre utilisĂ© pour prĂ©dire le mode de gestion appropriĂ© d'une activitĂ© de dĂ©veloppement de systĂšmes informatique.Resource-based theory, software development, outsourcing, management of software development projects, ThĂ©orie fondĂ©e sur les compĂ©tences, dĂ©veloppement de logiciels, impartition, gestion de projets de dĂ©veloppement de systĂšmes
A Resource-Based Analysis of Outsourcing: Evidence from Case Studies
The central role that information technology plays in the management of companies, the massive investments that are required, and a preoccupation for rationalization explain in good part the renewed interest in the strategies used for information systems sourcing. In-house provision is often seen as the best way to provide an organization with IT services that are well adapted to support its business activities while preserving its trademark processes and know-how. On the other hand, critics argue that a better solution is to outsource those IT activities to specialists, thus permitting the company to focus on its core business. The choice of a sourcing mode has an impact on the ability of the firm to implement its systems and ultimately to compete in its field of business. In order to better understand under what conditions a firm should choose one sourcing mode over another, we argue that it is necessary to analyze the interactions between a firm's competencies and the strategic value of those competencies. This is investigated using evidence from 21 information system projects. The0501n findings were that the best predictor of success and failure, by far, is the fit between the governance mode and the position of the project in the value/availability matrix. Another interesting finding is that no sourcing mode per se seems to lead to successful outcomes. It is always a matter of selecting the appropriate mode for each situation.
De plus en plus, les technologies de l'information sont au centre des prĂ©occupations des gestionnaires. Elles commandent des investissements massifs et peuvent ĂȘtre gĂ©rĂ©es de diverses maniĂšres. Traditionnellement, une gestion interne Ă©tait favorisĂ©e pour fournir Ă l'organisation des services sur mesure et pour protĂ©ger des pratiques uniques, permettant Ă l'organisation de se diffĂ©rencier. Les dĂ©tracteurs de cette approche soutiennent que l'impartition est un meilleur choix. L'impartition permet Ă la firme de se concentrer sur ses compĂ©tences de bases tout en lui donnant accĂšs Ă des spĂ©cialistes de pointe. Pour mieux comprendre le lien entre les compĂ©tences de la firme et l'impartition, 21 projets sont Ă©tudiĂ©s. Les rĂ©sultats indiquent que le meilleur prĂ©dicteur de succĂšs est l'adĂ©quation entre le mode de gestion et le profil de compĂ©tences de la firme.Outsourcing of IT, resource-based theory, IT resources, Impartition, approche centrĂ©e sur les resources, Ă©tude de cas
Managing IT Outsourcing Risk: Lessons Learned
This document takes stock from several studies on outsourcing risk. A definition of risk is offered and illustration from many case studies is used to show how risk can be managed. Results show that an active risk management approach can reduce risk exposure subtantially while enabling the organizations to still reap the benefits associated with outsourcing. Cet article fait un constat des leçons tirées de récentes analyses du risque d'impartition. Une définition opérationnelle du risque d'impartition est donnée. Les mécanismes de gestion de risque sont également discutés. Les résultats de différentes études démontrent qu'une gestion active du risque permet de réduire sensiblement les niveaux d'exposition au risque, notamment dans le cas de contrats d'impartition des technologies de l'information.Outsourcing of IS, IS risk management, agency theory, transaction cost economics, decision making under risk and uncertainty, Impartition, gestion des risques, agence, coûts de transaction, décision, risque et incertitude
Development of Measures to Assess Dimensions of IS Operation Transactions
Information Systems (IS) researchers often rely on organizational economics models to describe and explain various IS management issues. While those models are found to be useful, measures are yet to be proposed to assess the dimensions of IS transactions. In this paper, we present the results of a study that was a first effort toward this end. The focus of the study was on one type of transaction, IS operations, in a particular management context, that of outsouring. Measures were developed for four critical dimensions of IS operation transactions: asset specificity, measurement problem, origin of the most important investment, and governance mechanism. Data from 250 large Canadian firms were used to assess the measures, using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique.
L'Ă©conomie des organisations est souvent mise Ă contribution par les chercheurs en systĂšmes d'information (SI). Peu de travaux ont cependant proposĂ© des instruments de mesure des dimensions transactionnelles des opĂ©rations de SI. Ce mĂ©moire marque un pas dans cette direction. Nous proposons des instruments de mesure utiles Ă l'analyse de l'impartition des opĂ©rations informatiques. Quatre dimensions importantes des transactions informatiques retiennent notre attention : la spĂ©cificitĂ© des actifs, les problĂšmes de mesure, l'origine des investissements les plus importants et le mode de rĂ©gie des transactions. Une analyse de moindres carrĂ©s partiels (Partial Least Squares) est effectuĂ©e Ă l'aide de donnĂ©es provenant de 250 grandes entreprises canadiennes.Organizational economics; Outsourcing, Ăconomie des organisations ; Impartition ; Sous-traitance
An Evaluation of Inter-Organizational Workflow Modelling Formalisms
This paper evaluates the dynamic aspects of the UML in the context of inter-organizational workflows. Two evaluation methodologies are used. The first one is ontological and is based on the BWW (Bunge-Wand-Weber) models. The second validation is based on prototyping and consists in the development of a workflow management system in the aerospace industry. Both convergent and divergent results are found from the two validations. Possible enhancements to the UML formalism are suggested from the convergent results. On the other hand, the divergent results suggest the need for a contextual specification in the BWW models. Ce travail consiste en une évaluation des aspects dynamiques du language UML dans un contexte de workflow inter-organisationnel. Le choix du language par rapport à d'autres est motivé par sa richesse grammaticale lui offrant une trÚs bonne adaptation à ce contexte. L'évaluation se fait par une validation ontologique basée sur les modÚles BWW (Bunge-Wand-Weber) et par la réalisation d'un prototype de systÚme de gestion de workflows inter-organisationnels. à partir des résultats convergents obtenus des deux différentes analyses, des améliorations au formalisme UML sont suggérées. D'un autre coté, les analyses divergentes suggÚrent une possibilité de spécifier les modÚles BWW à des contextes plus particuliers tels que ceux des workflows et permettent également de suggérer d'autres améliorations possibles au langage.Ontology, Conceptual study, Prototype Validation, UML, IS development methods and tools., Ontologie, étude conceptuelle, validation du prototype, UML, méthodes et outils de développement IS
A Resource Based View of the Information Systems Sourcing Mode
Cette recherche tente de mesurer le lien entre le mode de gestion d'une activitĂ© (gestion interne ou impartition) et la valeur de l'activitĂ© d'une part, et la prĂ©sence des ressources requises dans l'entreprise d'autre part. L'objectif est de mieux comprendre les facteurs sous-jacents Ă une dĂ©cision d'internalisation ou d'impartition d'une activitĂ©. Deux cas sont prĂ©sentĂ©s. Ces cas traitent de dĂ©veloppement de systĂšmes informatiques. Ils permettent d'illustrer le pouvoir explicatif du modĂšle. Les donnĂ©es illustrent bien comment le modĂšle proposĂ© peut ĂȘtre utilisĂ© pour prĂ©dire le mode de gestion appropriĂ© d'une activitĂ© de dĂ©veloppement de systĂšmes informatique.This paper studies the relationships between the choice of a sourcing mode for information systems, the value of the resources used in systems development activities and the presence of those resources at sufficient level within the firm. The objective is to better understand the factors underlying the decision to keep the development of an information system inside the firm or to entrust it to an outside partner. A sourcing model is proposed using the resource-based theory. Two case studies drawn from a larger study are used to illustrate the concepts used in the research model. Data from these two projects illustrate how the model could be used to predict the sourcing mode retained by the managers for each project, given the availability of the necessary resources and the strategic value of the future system
Barriers to IT Exit
All organizational information systems will at some point in time be decommissioned. Yet, current IS research is predominantly focused on the adoption and implementation of an information system. It pays scarce attention to the final phase of a working IT system and the substantial theoretical implications of its decommissioning. This research in progress draws on the broader notion of âexitâ and âbarriers to exitâ to position the decommissioning of working IT systems in a wider theoretical framework. It seeks to develop a sound conceptualization of IT exit and its barriers by analyzing the exit literature from related business disciplines. The conceptualization identifies IT exit as multi-phased longitudinal process with extensible transition points. This refined understanding will provide the basis for an impending empirical investigation that identifies specific IT-specific barriers to exit and their impact on individual phases in the IT exit journey. The steps of this forthcoming investigation are outlined
The Impact of Interface Quality on Trust in Web Retailers
Web retailing is expected to grow at aggressive rates in future years. One of the most important factors that is slowing down this growth is the lack of trust of potential customers. So, as transactions through the internet develop and mature, success will largely be dependent on gaining and0501ntaining this trust. It has been suggested that the quality of the user interface of the Web site is a determinant of the initial establishment of trust. In this article, we describe a study where 66 subjects were asked to perform some predefined book purchasing task in a series of sites with varying interface quality. We found a strong relationship between interface quality and trust. We also found some components of user interface quality to be more important than others and discuss the implications for Web site design. Le manque de confiance constitue une des barriÚres les plus importantes à l'adoption et au développement du commerce électronique. Centré sur le commerce électronique de détail, ce travail présente un modÚle permettant d'analyser le développement de la confiance du consommateur en fonction des caractéristiques de ce dernier - sa propension - et de la perception qu'il a de certaines caractéristiques du commerçant, soit l'intégrité, l'habilité et la bienveillance de ce dernier. L'utilisabilité de l'interface graphique a été retenue comme étant le facteur-clé en ce qui concerne la perception de ces caractéristiques. Le rÎle de chacune des dimensions composant l'utilisabilité a donc été étudié et mis en évidence relativement à la confiance développée par le consommateur.User interface, laboratory experiment, trust, usability, electronic retailing, web design, Interface utilisateur, expérimentation en laboratoire, confiance, b2c, commerce électronique (détail), design de site web
CONSUMER EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION TO USE E-GOVERNMENT SERVICES IN LEBANON
We explore the effect of consumer education on the likelihood of increasing the behavioural intention to use e-government services in Lebanon in the context of initial learning experience. E-government refers to the use of information and communication technology to improve public administration. The adoption of e-government systems by end users has remained below expectations and the efforts of many countries have remained vain. Scholars have found that the low adoption and use of e-government services by end users for e-services are still major barriers to successful e-government implementation. Among the critical actions suggested by scholars, consumer education through training is a priority one. The results of this quantitative study show that by developing basic content and process oriented consumersâ knowledge on e-government during initial learning experience, a critical period of time where end users decide whether they adopt this service or not, citizens will increase their behavioural intention to use of e-government services
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