1,204 research outputs found
Calculations of parity nonconserving s-d transitions in Cs, Fr, Ba II, and Ra II
We have performed ab initio mixed-states and sum-over-states calculations of
parity nonconserving (PNC) electric dipole (E1) transition amplitudes between
s-d electron states of Cs, Fr, Ba II, and Ra II. For the lower states of these
atoms we have also calculated energies, E1 transition amplitudes, and
lifetimes. We have shown that PNC E1 transition amplitudes between s-d states
can be calculated to high accuracy. Contrary to the Cs 6s-7s transition, in
these transitions there are no strong cancelations between different terms in
the sum-over-states approach. In fact, there is one dominating term which
deviates from the sum by less than 20%. This term corresponds to an s-p_{1/2}
weak matrix element, which can be calculated to better than 1%, and a
p_{1/2}-d_{3/2} E1 transition amplitude, which can be measured. Also, the s-d
amplitudes are about four times larger than the corresponding s-s transitions.
We have shown that by using a hybrid mixed-states/sum-over-states approach the
accuracy of the calculations of PNC s-d amplitudes could compete with that of
Cs 6s-7s if p_{1/2}-d_{3/2} E1 amplitudes are measured to high accuracy.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Entanglement can increase asymptotic rates of zero-error classical communication over classical channels
It is known that the number of different classical messages which can be
communicated with a single use of a classical channel with zero probability of
decoding error can sometimes be increased by using entanglement shared between
sender and receiver. It has been an open question to determine whether
entanglement can ever increase the zero-error communication rates achievable in
the limit of many channel uses. In this paper we show, by explicit examples,
that entanglement can indeed increase asymptotic zero-error capacity, even to
the extent that it is equal to the normal capacity of the channel.
Interestingly, our examples are based on the exceptional simple root systems E7
and E8.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figur
CMB Power Spectrum from Noncommutative Spacetime
Very recent CMB data of WMAP offers an opportunity to test inflation models,
in particular, the running of spectral index is quite new and can be used to
rule out some models. We show that an noncommutative spacetime inflation model
gives a good explanation of these new results. In fitting the data, we also
obtain a relationship between the noncommutative parameter (string scale) and
the ending time of inflation.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures; v2: refs. added and minor corrections; v3:
further minor correctio
Quantum Search with Two-atom Collisions in Cavity QED
We propose a scheme to implement two-qubit Grover's quantum search algorithm
using Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics. Circular Rydberg atoms are used as
quantum bits (qubits). They interact with the electromagnetic field of a
non-resonant cavity . The quantum gate dynamics is provided by a
cavity-assisted collision, robust against decoherence processes. We present the
detailed procedure and analyze the experimental feasibility.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Communicating Josephson Qubits
We propose a scheme to implement a quantum information transfer protocol with
a superconducting circuit and Josephson charge qubits. The information exchange
is mediated by an L-C resonator used as a data bus. The main decoherence
sources are analyzed in detail.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
The Carboniferous carbon isotope record from sedimentary organic matter: can we disentangle the carbon cycle?
A comprehensive analysis of the 13C composition of sedimentary organic matter from Euramerican
Carboniferous successions indicates there are significant shifts in 13C through this key time interval.
Our studies have revealed that, at an individual location, the source and delivery mechanism of the
sediment contribute to the type of organic matter preserved and, in turn this influences the
measured 13C values from bulk sedimentary organic matter of organic matter
A Model for the Stray Light Contamination of the UVCS Instrument on SOHO
We present a detailed model of stray-light suppression in the spectrometer
channels of the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on the SOHO
spacecraft. The control of diffracted and scattered stray light from the bright
solar disk is one of the most important tasks of a coronagraph. We compute the
fractions of light that diffract past the UVCS external occulter and
non-specularly pass into the spectrometer slit. The diffracted component of the
stray light depends on the finite aperture of the primary mirror and on its
figure. The amount of non-specular scattering depends mainly on the
micro-roughness of the mirror. For reasonable choices of these quantities, the
modeled stray-light fraction agrees well with measurements of stray light made
both in the laboratory and during the UVCS mission. The models were constructed
for the bright H I Lyman alpha emission line, but they are applicable to other
spectral lines as well.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, Solar Physics, in pres
Vacuum Fluctuations, Geometric Modular Action and Relativistic Quantum Information Theory
A summary of some lines of ideas leading to model-independent frameworks of
relativistic quantum field theory is given. It is followed by a discussion of
the Reeh-Schlieder theorem and geometric modular action of Tomita-Takesaki
modular objects associated with the quantum field vacuum state and certain
algebras of observables. The distillability concept, which is significant in
specifying useful entanglement in quantum information theory, is discussed
within the setting of general relativistic quantum field theory.Comment: 26 pages. Contribution for the Proceedings of a Conference on Special
Relativity held at Potsdam, 200
Scalar cosmological perturbations from inflationary black holes
We study the correction to the scale invariant power spectrum of a scalar
field on de Sitter space from small black holes that formed during a
pre-inflationary matter dominated era. The formation probability of such black
holes is estimated from primordial Gaussian density fluctuations. We determine
the correction to the spectrum by first deriving the Keldysh propagator for a
massless scalar field on Schwarzschild-de Sitter space. Our results suggest
that the effect is strong enough to be tested -- and possibly even ruled out --
by observations.Comment: 41 pages, 11 figures, published versio
- …