701 research outputs found
Is Hilbert space discrete?
We show that discretization of spacetime naturally suggests discretization of
Hilbert space itself. Specifically, in a universe with a minimal length (for
example, due to quantum gravity), no experiment can exclude the possibility
that Hilbert space is discrete. We give some simple examples involving qubits
and the Schrodinger wavefunction, and discuss implications for quantum
information and quantum gravity.Comment: 4 pages, revtex, 1 figur
Evolution of fNL to the adiabatic limit
We study inflationary perturbations in multiple-field models, for which zeta
typically evolves until all isocurvature modes decay--the "adiabatic limit". We
use numerical methods to explore the sensitivity of the nonlinear parameter fNL
to the process by which this limit is achieved, finding an appreciable
dependence on model-specific data such as the time at which slow-roll breaks
down or the timescale of reheating. In models with a sum-separable potential
where the isocurvature modes decay before the end of the slow-roll phase we
give an analytic criterion for the asymptotic value of fNL to be large. Other
examples can be constructed using a waterfall field to terminate inflation
while fNL is transiently large, caused by descent from a ridge or convergence
into a valley. We show that these two types of evolution are distinguished by
the sign of the bispectrum, and give approximate expressions for the peak fNL.Comment: v1: 25 pages, plus Appendix and bibliography, 6 figures. v2: minor
edits to match published version in JCA
Flagging health risks of chemicals by combining in vitro bioactivity data with environmental and consumer product exposure modeling
Curvature perturbation and waterfall dynamics in hybrid inflation
We investigate the parameter spaces of hybrid inflation model with special
attention paid to the dynamics of waterfall field and curvature perturbations
induced from its quantum fluctuations. Depending on the inflaton field value at
the time of phase transition and the sharpness of the phase transition
inflation can have multiple extended stages. We find that for models with mild
phase transition the induced curvature perturbation from the waterfall field is
too large to satisfy the COBE normalization. We investigate the model parameter
space where the curvature perturbations from the waterfall quantum fluctuations
vary between the results of standard hybrid inflation and the results obtained
here.Comment: V2: Minor revisions, references added, JCAP published versio
The Subdominant Curvaton
We present a systematic study of the amplitude of the primordial perturbation
in curvaton models with self-interactions, treating both renormalizable and
non-renormalizable interactions. In particular, we consider the possibility
that the curvaton energy density is subdominant at the time of the curvaton
decay. We find that large regions in the parameter space give rise to the
observed amplitude of primordial perturbation even for non-renormalizable
curvaton potentials, for which the curvaton energy density dilutes fast. At the
time of its decay, the curvaton energy density may typically be subdominant by
a relative factor of 10^-3 and still produce the observed perturbation. Field
dynamics turns out to be highly non-trivial, and for non-renormalizable
potentials and certain regions of the parameter space we observe a
non-monotonous relation between the final curvature perturbation and the
initial curvaton value. In those cases, the time evolution of the primordial
perturbation also displays an oscillatory behaviour before the curvaton decay.Comment: Acknowledgments of financial support added, no further change
The Primordial Perturbation Spectrum from Various Expanding and Contracting Phases
In this paper, focusing on the case of single scalar field, we discuss
various expanding and contracting phases generating primordial perturbations,
and study the relation between the primordial perturbation spectrum from these
phases and the parameter w of state equation in details. Furthermore, we offer
an interesting classification for the primordial perturbation spectrum from
various phases, which may have important implications for building an early
universe scenario embedded in possible high energy theories.Comment: 5 pages, 3 eps figure
WMAP constraint on the P-term inflationary model
In light of WMAP results, we examine the observational constraint on the
P-term inflation. With the tunable parameter , P-term inflation contains
richer physics than D-term and F-term inflationary models. We find the
logarithmic derivative spectral index with on large scales and on
small scales in agreement to observation. We obtained a reasonable range for
the choice of the gauge coupling constant in order to meet the requirements
of WMAP observation and the expected number of the e-foldings. Although tuning
and we can have larger values for the logarithmic derivative of the
spectral index, it is not possible to satisfy all observational requirements
for both, the spectral index and its logarithmic derivative at the same time.Comment: 6 pages, double column, 13 figures included. Version appearing in the
Physical Review
Potential-density pairs for axisymmetric galaxies: the influence of scalar fields
We present a formulation for potential-density pairs to describe axisymmetric
galaxies in the Newtonian limit of scalar-tensor theories of gravity. The
scalar field is described by a modified Helmholtz equation with a source that
is coupled to the standard Poisson equation of Newtonian gravity. The net
gravitational force is given by two contributions: the standard Newtonian
potential plus a term stemming from massive scalar fields. General solutions
have been found for axisymmetric systems and the multipole expansion of the
Yukawa potential is given. In particular, we have computed potential-density
pairs of galactic disks for an exponential profile and their rotation curves.Comment: 8 pages, no figures, corrected version to the one that will appear in
Gen. Relativ. Gravit., where a small typo in eq. (13) is presen
The Non-Gaussianity of Racetrack Inflation Models
In this paper, we use the result in [7] to calculate the non-Gaussianity of
the racetrack models in [3, 5]. The two models give different non-
Gaussianities. Both of them are reasonable.Comment: 8 pages, no figures; PACS and Keywords are added; mistake is
correcte
Effects of inhomogeneities on apparent cosmological observables: "fake" evolving dark energy
Using the exact Lemaitre-Bondi-Tolman solution with a non-vanishing
cosmological constant , we investigate how the presence of a local
spherically-symmetric inhomogeneity can affect apparent cosmological
observables, such as the deceleration parameter or the effective equation of
state of dark energy (DE), derived from the luminosity distance under the
assumption that the real space-time is exactly homogeneous and isotropic. The
presence of a local underdensity is found to produce apparent phantom behavior
of DE, while a locally overdense region leads to apparent quintessence
behavior. We consider relatively small large scale inhomogeneities which today
are not linear and could be seeded by primordial curvature perturbations
compatible with CMB bounds. Our study shows how observations in an
inhomogeneous CDM universe with initial conditions compatible with the
inflationary beginning, if interpreted under the wrong assumption of
homogeneity, can lead to the wrong conclusion about the presence of "fake"
evolving dark energy instead of .Comment: 22 pages, 19 figures,Final version to appear in European Physical
Journal
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