Description of a trial: A fixation stimulus (a house picture) centrally presented for 600 ms, is followed by the target stimulus presented for 140 ms.

<p>The fixation stimulus is then presented until the subject's response.</p

Percentage of correct responses in the three discrimination tasks as a function of eccentricity.

<p>Vertical bars represent standard errors of the mean values.</p

Reaction times as a function of eccentricity in the three discrimination tasks:

<p>* marks a significant difference between gender and fear discrimination reaction times, § a significant difference between gender and disgust discrimination reaction times. Vertical bars represent standard errors of the mean values.</p

Response to “speaker change” in the posterior part of the left superior temporal gyrus.

<p>(a) Location of the electrode site u'8 (green oval marker) (b) Time-frequency map depicting gamma response to a sentence uttered by a new speaker (second sentence in a SP pair). (c) Bar plots illustrating gamma response during the first two seconds of auditory stimulation for the second sound sequence of each type of sound sequence pairs in this protocol. (see paradigm description in the text for more details)</p

<i>Brain TV</i> set-up.

<p>(a) The online 3D bar plot displays the time-varying power modulations measured at a selected cortical site over the last 10 seconds in three frequency bands (8–30 Hz, 60–90 Hz and 110–140 Hz). The depicted power modulations represent the power for a given frequency expressed in units of standard deviation of a reference power measured during a baseline period. Baseline power is defined during a calibration phase performed at the beginning of the session while the subject was instructed to rest with eyes open. (Note that the white annotations on the figure are not part of the display). (b) The clinical setting: Patient watching a display that provides him with a visual feedback of online power variations picked up by one of his implanted electrodes.</p

Oscillatory power modulations associated with speech in the mid superior temporal sulcus.

<p>Time-Frequency maps representing the time course of spectral power modulations at electrode t'8 (Talairach coordinates : −65, −12, 4) for frequencies up to 200 Hz in each one of the 6 experimental conditions. The frequency values range from 1 to 200 Hz and the horizontal time axis spans over 3 seconds including 2 s of auditory stimulation (black horizontal bar). Note that, power modulations are given in units of the standard deviation from baseline period (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001094#s2" target="_blank">methods</a>) and that the normalization parameters were the same for all maps.</p

Functional dissociation between regions of the mid portion of the superior temporal gyrus in response to speech and music.

<p>(a) The general region in which each site was located is represented with green oval markers. Note that this patient had a cardiac pacemaker incompatible with MRI scanning and therefore, the Talairach coordinates of the sites could not be reconstructed with a precision higher than 1 cm along the y and z axis. (b) The spatial location of the recording sites in the coronal plane relative to the Sylvian fissure. (c) Time-Frequency maps depicting the time course of spectral power measured in left (t'4, t'6) and right (t5 and t7) sites for all frequencies up to 200 Hz during the first two seconds of auditory stimulation (black horizontal bar) in response to speech (SPEECH) and music (MUSIC). The baseline is common to the NORMAL and MUSIC conditions. (d) Bar plot display of the mean and standard deviation of the total activation measured in the high gamma (60–140 Hz) range during the first two seconds of auditory stimulation, for each one of the eight conditions of the SOUND paradigm.</p