5 research outputs found
Validity of a self-reported diagnosis of depression among participants in a cohort study using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I).
Abstract
Background: Depression assessment in population studies is usually based on depressive
symptoms scales. However, the use of scales could lead to the choice of an arbitrary cut-off
point depending on the sample characteristics and on the patient diagnosis. Thus, the use of a
medical diagnosis of depression could be a more appropriate approach.
Objective: To validate a self-reported physician diagnosis of depression using the Structured
Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I) as Gold Standard and to assess the factors associated to
a valid self-reported diagnosis.
Methods: The SUN Project is a cohort study based on university graduates followed-up through
postal questionnaires. The response to the question included in the questionnaire: Have you
ever been diagnosed of depression by a physician? was compared to that obtained through the
SCID-I applied by a psychiatrist or a clinical psychologist. The percentages of confirmed
depression and non-depression were assessed for the overall sample and according to several
characteristics. Logistic regression models were fitted to ascertain the association between
different factors and a correct classification regarding depression status.
Results: The percentage of confirmed depression was 74.2%; 95% confidence interval (95%
CI) =63.3-85.1. Out of 42 participants who did not report a depression diagnosis in the
questionnaire, 34 were free of the disease (%confirmed non-depression=81.1%; 95% CI=69.1-
92.9). The probability of being a true positive was higher among ex- smokers and non-smokers
and among those overweight or obese but the differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The validity of a self-reported diagnosis of depression in the SUN cohort is
adequate. Thus, this question about depression diagnosis could be used in further
investigations regarding this disease in this graduate cohort study
Glycemic load, glycemic index, bread and incidence of overweight/obesity in a mediterranean cohort: the SUN project
Background
To evaluate prospectively the relationship between white, or whole grain bread, and glycemic
index, or glycemic load from diet and weight change in a Mediterranean cohort.
Methods
We followed-up 9 267 Spanish university graduates for a mean period of 5 years. Dietary
habits at baseline were assessed using a semi-quantitative 136-item food-frequency
questionnaire. Average yearly weight change was evaluated according to quintiles of baseline
glycemic index, glycemic load, and categories of bread consumption. We also assessed the
association between bread consumption, glycemic index, or glycemic load, and the incidence
of overweight/obesity.
Results
White bread and whole-grain bread were not associated with higher weight gain. No
association between glycemic index, glycemic load and weight change was found.
White bread consumption was directly associated with a higher risk of becoming
overweight/obese (adjusted OR (≥2 portions /day) versus (≤1 portion /week): 1.40; 95% CI:
1.08-1.81; p for trend: 0.008). However, no statistically significant association was observed
between whole-grain bread, glycemic index or glycemic load and overweight/obesity.
Conclusions
Consumption of white bread (≥2 portions /day) showed a significant direct association with
the risk of becoming overweight/obese
Egg consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease in the sun project
Background/Objective: Egg consumption has been associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but evidence is scarce and inconsistent. Our aim was to examine the association between egg consumption and incidence of CVD in a prospective dynamic Mediterranean cohort of 14 185 university graduates.
Subjects/Methods: Egg intake was assessed using a 136-item validated food frequency questionnaire. The baseline consumption was categorized into no consumption or 4/week. The presence of cardiovascular risk factors was assessed by questionnaire at baseline and the incidence of CVD was assessed using biennial assessments. The median follow-up was 6.1 years. Cox regression models were fitted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for CVD (myocardial infarction, revascularization procedures or stroke). Outcomes were confirmed by review of medical records.
Results: During a median follow-up of 6.1 years, 91 new confirmed cases of CVD were observed. No association was found between egg consumption and the incidence of CVD (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 0.46-2.63) for the highest vs. the lowest category of egg consumption) after adjusting for age, sex, total energy intake, adherence to the Mediterranean food pattern and other cardiovascular risk factors. Results were robust to different analytical scenarios
Conclusions: No association between egg consumption and the incidence of CVD was found in this Mediterranean cohort
Carbohydrate quality, weight change and incident obesity in a mediterranean cohort: the sun project
Background/ Objectives: To evaluate the association between the carbohydrate
quality (CQI) and weight change or incident overweight/obesity (BMI≥25 kg/m2) in the
“Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN)” cohort.
Subjects/ Methods: 8 741 participants initially free of overweight/obesity were
followed‐up for a median of 7.9 years. We evaluated at baseline the CQI following 4
criteria: dietary fibre intake, glycemic index (GI), whole grains/total grains ratio and
solid carbohydrates/total carbohydrates ratio. Subjects were classified into quintiles
according to CQI. Weight was recorded at baseline and updated every 2 years during
follow‐up.
Results: Increasing CQI of diet was not significantly associated with lower weight gain,
although participants in the highest quintile had the lowest average crude weight gain
(+211 g/year). We observed 1 862 incident cases of overweight/obesity during followup.
CQI was significantly associated (p for trend 0.006) with lower risk of
overweight/obesity: adjusted OR for the 4rd and 5th quintiles: 0.81 (95% CI 0.66 to
0.99), and 0.74 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.92), respectively.
Conclusions: In this Mediterranean cohort, CQI showed a significant inverse
association with the incidence of overweight/obesity, which highlights that
carbohydrate intake guidelines related to obesity prevention should be focused in
improving the CQI of the diet
Egg consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease in the sun project
Background/Objective: Egg consumption has been associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but evidence is scarce and inconsistent. Our aim was to examine the association between egg consumption and incidence of CVD in a prospective dynamic Mediterranean cohort of 14 185 university graduates.
Subjects/Methods: Egg intake was assessed using a 136-item validated food frequency questionnaire. The baseline consumption was categorized into no consumption or 4/week. The presence of cardiovascular risk factors was assessed by questionnaire at baseline and the incidence of CVD was assessed using biennial assessments. The median follow-up was 6.1 years. Cox regression models were fitted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for CVD (myocardial infarction, revascularization procedures or stroke). Outcomes were confirmed by review of medical records.
Results: During a median follow-up of 6.1 years, 91 new confirmed cases of CVD were observed. No association was found between egg consumption and the incidence of CVD (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 0.46-2.63) for the highest vs. the lowest category of egg consumption) after adjusting for age, sex, total energy intake, adherence to the Mediterranean food pattern and other cardiovascular risk factors. Results were robust to different analytical scenarios
Conclusions: No association between egg consumption and the incidence of CVD was found in this Mediterranean cohort