The effect of circadian preferences on insomnia severity and depressive symptoms via sleep hygiene in older adults with depression and healthy controls

Background: The elderly population is increasing globally. Thus, researches focus on the causes and treatment of insomnia, a noteworthy ageing problem. This study aims to investigate the relationship between chronotype and insomnia and whether sleep hygiene mediates this relationship in older adults with depression (OAD). Methods: We assessed subjective insomnia severity, sleep hygiene, chronotype, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms of 82 OAD and 70 healthy controls using the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: The mediation effect of SHI and ISI scores were evaluated in the relationship between MEQ and BDI total scores in OAD. The results showed that MEQ performed its effect on BDI through ISI with full mediation (effect = −0.16, SE: 0.07, 95% CI: −0.3230 to −0.0336). The mediation effect of SHI and BDI scores were evaluated in the relationship between MEQ and ISI total scores in OAD. In this model, it was found that MEQ significantly performed its effect on ISI through SHI and BDI. BDI and SHI predicted the ISI variable as partial mediators (respectively, effect = −0.05, SE: 0.03, 95% CI: −0.1073 to −0.0100; effect = −0.06, SE: 0.02, 95% CI: −0.1051 to −0.0129). Conclusions: Sleep hygiene practices could be essential for the natural functioning of the biological clock and the interrelation of depression and insomnia. Longitudinal follow-up studies of structured sleep hygiene approaches are needed in terms of cost-effectiveness, in OAD. © 2020 Japanese Psychogeriatric Societ

Chronotype and depressive symptoms in healthy subjects: the mediating role of hopelessness and subjective sleep quality

Chronotype preference and lower sleep quality in university students can influence mental health. Individuals with evening chronotypes have a high risk of mental health problems, including depressive symptoms. However, the underlying mechanisms are still under investigation. Hopelessness is composed of negative feelings and thoughts about the future and is closely related to depressive symptomatology. The aim of the study was to determine whether reduced sleep quality and hopelessness mediate the association between chronotype and depressive symptoms in a student sample, which was evaluated cross-sectionally. A total of 339 Turkish students (53.7% female, mean age 22.18 ± 1.79 y) completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Mediation analysis showed no significant direct relationship between eveningness and depressive symptoms. The relationship between eveningness and depressive symptoms was mediated by hopelessness, but not by subjective sleep quality (effect = − 0.03, SE: 0.01, CI: −0.04, −0.02). Better knowledge of the relationship between hopelessness and eveningness might form the basis of a more specific approach to the prevention of depression in evening types. © 2020, © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Version of Anxious Thoughts Inventory

Endişeyi hem içerik hem de süreç açısından değerlendirmek için geliştirilen Kaygı Düşünceleri Envanteri(KDE) Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirlik açısından değerlendirildiği bu çalışmaya 364 üniversiteöğrencisi dahil edildi. Faktör analizi ile ölçeği oluşturan üç faktör elde edildi ve bu faktörler toplamvaryansın %50,84’ünü açıklamaktaydı. Tüm ölçeğin iç tutarlık katsayısı Cronbach’s α=0,908 olarakbulunmuştur. Çalışmaya katılan 74 katılımcıya KDE iki hafta sonra tekrar uygulanmıştır. Toplam puaniçin test - tekrar test korelasyon değeri Rho=0,785, p<0,001 olarak tespit edilmiştir. KDE’nin 3 faktörüve toplam puanının, Beck Anksiyete Envanteri, Penn State Endişe Ölçeği ve Üst Biliş Ölçeği alt ölçekleriile ilişkisi değerlendirilmiş ve tüm ölçekler ile pozitif yönde, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki gösterdiğisaptanmıştır (p<0,05). Bu bulgular KDE Türkçe formunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olarakkullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.Anxious Thoughts Inventory (AnTI) was developed to measure both the content and process dimensions of worry. To analyse the validity and the reliability of the Turkish version of AnTI, 364 collage students were included into this study. Factor analysis revealed three factors and 50.84% of the total variance was explained with these three factors. Internal consistency of the inventory was calculated 0.908 by Cronbach alpha. AnTI was readministered to 74 participants two weeks later. AnTI total score test-retest corelation value was calculated as Rho=0.785, p<0.001. AnTI total and factors’ scores corelations with Beck Anxiety Inventory, Penn State Worry Questionnaire and subscales of Meta Cognitions Questionnaire were positively and statistically significant (p<0.05). The results of this study show that the Turkish version of AnTI is a reliable and valid measurement tool for use

Multifaceted impulsivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder with hoarding symptoms

Objective: Hoarding is common in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and OCD with hoarding may have poorer prognostic features than OCD without hoarding. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between multifaceted impulsivity and hoarding symptoms in individuals with OCD. This relationship is important to be able to understand the psychopathological mechanisms of hoarding symptoms in OCD patients. Methods: The study included 136 individuals with OCD classified as OCD with high hoarding symptoms (OCDwHH, n = 41) and OCD with low/none hoarding symptoms (OCDwLH, n = 95), together with 94 healthy control subjects. All the participants completed the Hoarding Rating Scale-Interview, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11, Yale-Brown Obsessions and Compulsions Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Results: The OCDwHH group had more severe anxiety (p = 0.016) and attentional impulsivity (p = 0.002) than OCDwLH. Attentional impulsivity scores were positively correlated with hoarding symptom scores (p &lt; 0.001). Both attentional and motor impulsivity scores were positively correlated with anxiety levels (p = 0.037, p = 0.045, respectively). In partial correlation analysis, motor impulsivity was positively correlated with the severity of hoarding symptoms controlling for anxiety severity (p = 0.045). In hierarchical linear regression analysis, only attentional impulsivity predicted the severity of hoarding symptoms independently of anxiety, severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and motor impulsivity (β = 0.268, Adjusted R 2 = 0.114, p = 0.006). Conclusion: Attentional impulsivity is associated with hoarding symptoms in OCD. Future studies that reveal this relationship may contribute to treatment modalities for the OCD patients with hoarding symptoms. © 2020 The Nordic Psychiatric Association

Reasoning with Inductive Argument Test: A Study of Validity and Reliability

Reasoning with Inductive Argument Test:A Study of Validity and Reliability Objective: The aim of our study is to research reliability and validity and to evaluate the usability of Turkish version of Reasoning with Inductive Argument Test (RIAT) in Turkish healty population. Method: 51 healty volunteers who work in Ankara Dıskapi Yildirim Beyazit Research and Training Hospital participated in this study. Reasoning with Inductive Argument Test (RIAT) was translated into Turkish by three clinical good knowledge of English. Participants were given a sociodemographic data form, and RIAT were performed by clinicians. To test the reliability of the Turkish version of RIAT, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated and the halving method was used for the test. Results: The internal consistency of the Reasoning with Inductive Argument Test (RIAT) items, Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient measurements of 0.73 was found to be statistically significant. Spearman-Brown coefficient that determines the reliability of the whole test r=0.74 was found. Kurtosis values of all the items was below 1.5 and the percentages in the second evaluation were mainly lower. At the same time, both change in belief between self produced RIAT options and given RIAT options (p=0.02, z=-2296) as well as changes in beliefs between related and unrelated items for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) difference (p=0.03, z=-2.199) were significant. Conclusion: The preliminary data obtained from the study of reliability and validity of the scale shows that ‘Reasoning with Inductive Argument Test’ supports reliability and validity in Turkish population