Characterization of Artifact Influence on the Classification of Glucose Time Series Using Sample Entropy Statistics

[EN] This paper analyses the performance of SampEn and one of its derivatives, Fuzzy Entropy (FuzzyEn), in the context of artifacted blood glucose time series classification. This is a difficult and practically unexplored framework, where the availability of more sensitive and reliable measures could be of great clinical impact. Although the advent of new blood glucose monitoring technologies may reduce the incidence of the problems stated above, incorrect device or sensor manipulation, patient adherence, sensor detachment, time constraints, adoption barriers or affordability can still result in relatively short and artifacted records, as the ones analyzed in this paper or in other similar works. This study is aimed at characterizing the changes induced by such artifacts, enabling the arrangement of countermeasures in advance when possible. Despite the presence of these disturbances, results demonstrate that SampEn and FuzzyEn are sufficiently robust to achieve a significant classification performance, using records obtained from patients with duodenal-jejunal exclusion. The classification results, in terms of area under the ROC of up to 0.9, with several tests yielding AUC values also greater than 0.8, and in terms of a leave-one-out average classification accuracy of 80%, confirm the potential of these measures in this context despite the presence of artifacts, with SampEn having slightly better performance than FuzzyEn.The Czech partners were supported by DROIKEM000023001 and RVOVFN64165. No funding was received to support this research work by the Spanish partners.Cuesta Frau, D.; Novák, D.; Burda, V.; Molina Picó, A.; Vargas-Rojo, B.; Mraz, M.; Kavalkova, P.... (2018). Characterization of Artifact Influence on the Classification of Glucose Time Series Using Sample Entropy Statistics. Entropy. 20(11):1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/e20110871S118201

Influence of Duodenal-Jejunal Implantation on Glucose Dynamics: A Pilot Study Using Different Nonlinear Methods

[EN] Diabetes is a disease of great and rising prevalence, with the obesity epidemic being a significant contributing risk factor. Duodenal¿jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) is a reversible implant that mimics the effects of more aggressive surgical procedures, such as gastric bypass, to induce weight loss. We hypothesized that DJBL also influences the glucose dynamics in type II diabetes, based on the induced changes already demonstrated in other physiological characteristics and parameters. In order to assess the validity of this assumption, we conducted a quantitative analysis based on several nonlinear algorithms (Lempel¿Ziv Complexity, Sample Entropy, Permutation Entropy, and modified Permutation Entropy), well suited to the characterization of biomedical time series. We applied them to glucose records drawn from two extreme cases available of DJBL implantation: before and after 10 months. The results confirmed the hypothesis and an accuracy of 86.4% was achieved with modified Permutation Entropy. Other metrics also yielded significant classification accuracy results, all above 70%, provided a suitable parameter configuration was chosen. With the Leave¿One¿Out method, the results were very similar, between 72% and 82% classification accuracy. There was also a decrease in entropy of glycaemia records during the time interval studied. These findings provide a solid foundation to assess how glucose metabolism may be influenced by DJBL implantation and opens a new line of research in this field.The Czech clinical partners were supported by DRO IKEM 000023001 and RVO VFN 64165. The Czech technical partners were supported by Research Centre for Informatics grant numbers CZ.02.1.01/0.0/16 - 019/0000765 and SGS16/231/OHK3/3T/13-Support of interactive approaches to biomedical data acquisition and processing. No funding was received to support this research work by the Spanish and British partnersCuesta Frau, D.; Novák, D.; Burda, V.; Abasolo, D.; Adjei, T.; Varela, M.; Vargas, B.... (2019). Influence of Duodenal-Jejunal Implantation on Glucose Dynamics: A Pilot Study Using Different Nonlinear Methods. Complexity. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6070518S2019Kassirer, J. P., & Angell, M. (1998). Losing Weight — An Ill-Fated New Year’s Resolution. New England Journal of Medicine, 338(1), 52-54. doi:10.1056/nejm199801013380109Van Gaal, L., & Dirinck, E. (2016). Pharmacological Approaches in the Treatment and Maintenance of Weight Loss. Diabetes Care, 39(Supplement 2), S260-S267. doi:10.2337/dcs15-3016De Jonge, C., Rensen, S. S., Verdam, F. J., Vincent, R. P., Bloom, S. R., Buurman, W. A., … Greve, J. W. M. (2015). Impact of Duodenal-Jejunal Exclusion on Satiety Hormones. 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Comparison of Inflammatory Response to Transgastric and Transcolonic NOTES

Aims. The aim of our study was to determine the physiologic impact of NOTES and to compare the transgastric and transcolonic approaches. Methods. Thirty pigs were randomized to transgastric, transcolonic, or laparoscopic peritoneoscopy. Blood was drawn and analyzed for C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, WBCs, and platelets. Results. Endoscopic closure with an OTSC was successful in all 20 animals. The postoperative course was uneventful in all animals. CRP values rose on day 1 in all animals and slowly declined to baseline levels on day 14 with no differences between the groups (P>0.05, NS). The levels of TNF-α were significantly increased in the transcolonic group (P<0.01); however this difference was already present prior to the procedure and remained unchanged. No differences were observed in IL1-β and IL-6 values. There was a temporary rise of WBC on day 1 and of platelets on day 7 in all groups (P>0.05, NS). Conclusions. Transgastric, transcolonic, and laparoscopic peritoneoscopy resulted in similar changes in systemic inflammatory markers. Our findings do not support the assumption that NOTES is less invasive than laparoscopy

Modeling “psychosis” in vitro by inducing disordered neuronal network activity in cortical brain slices

# The Author(s) 2009. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Introduction Dysregulation of neuronal networks has been suggested to underlie the cognitive and perceptual abnor-malities observed schizophrenia. Discussions An in vitro model of psychosis is proposed based on the two different approaches to cause aberrant networ

Rozhovor Britských listů 267. Režim, který jsme tu měli po roce 1989, právě skončil [Britské listy Interview 267. The regime which we have had in the Czech Republic since 1989, has just ended]

Jan Čulík discusses the economic, social and political impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the Czech Republic with the Ostrava-based international businessman Marek Beneš, Chief Executive of Hedviga Group. The interview was broadcast on the Czech cable TV station Regionalnitelevize.cz from Friday 27th March 2020

Rozhovor Britských listů 267. Režim, který jsme tu měli po roce 1989, právě skončil [Britské listy Interview 267. The regime which we have had in the Czech Republic since 1989, has just ended]

Jan Čulík discusses the economic, social and political impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the Czech Republic with the Ostrava-based international businessman Marek Beneš, Chief Executive of Hedviga Group. The interview was broadcast on the Czech cable TV station Regionalnitelevize.cz from Friday 27th March 2020