Trichomonas vaginalis: Clinical relevance, pathogenicity and diagnosis

Trichomonas vaginalis is the etiological agent of trichomoniasis, the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. Trichomoniasis is a widespread, global health concern and occurring at an increasing rate. Infections of the female genital tract can cause a range of symptoms, including vaginitis and cervicitis, while infections in males are generally asymptomatic. The relatively mild symptoms, and lack of evidence for any serious sequelae, have historically led to this disease being under diagnosed, and under researched. However, growing evidence that T. vaginalis infection is associated with other disease states with high morbidity in both men and women has increased the efforts to diagnose and treat patients harboring this parasite. The pathology of trichomoniasis results from damage to the host epithelia, caused by a variety of processes during infection and recent work has highlighted the complex interactions between the parasite and host, commensal microbiome and accompanying symbionts. The commercial release of a number of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) has added to the available diagnostic options. Immunoassay based Point of Care testing is currently available, and a recent initial evaluation of a NAAT Point of Care system has given promising results, which would enable testing and treatment in a single visit

Discovery two potent and new inhibitors of 15-lipoxygenase: (E)-3-((3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene) amino)-7-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one and (E)-O-(4-(((7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl) imino)methine) phenyl)dimethylcarbamothioate

The mechanisms of action and structural determinants of lipoxygenases inhibitors have been explored on several occasions, but many questions remain unanswered, especially about the differences of the inhibition mechanisms and their effect on the selectivity of lipoxygenases isoenzymes. Thus, REDOX mechanism has been proposed in this research to clarify the lipoxygenases inhibition by coumarins derivates on 15-sLOX. A series of fifteen coumarin derivatives were synthetized and evaluated as 15- lipoxygenase inhibitors. The results showed that some molecules had submicromolar activities and compete with the substrate as we observed by kinetic studies. The most relevant and interesting result was found for compound 6 who showed an inhibitory activity comparable to nordihydroguaiaretic acid a potent and REDOX inhibitor of lipoxygenases (0.17 and 0.29 μM, respectively). Finally, the docking and molecular dynamics studies showed that the better ligands were accommodated into the binding site being related with those obtained biological data. In addition, our findings contribute at the understanding of inhibitor structural requirements and elucidate the inhibition mechanism of cumarin derivatives on 15-sLOX. Thus, we point to new parameters for the future design of new ligands with potential therapeutic utility where are involved the lipoxygenases enzymes.DICYT 021641MC; Fondecyt 1120379, Fondecyt 1161375 and the Millennium Scientific Initiative (Grant P05-001-F)

Morphologic study of the effect of iron on pseudocyst formation in Trichomonas vaginalis and its interaction with human epithelial cells

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina. São João Del Rei, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina. São João Del Rei, MG, Brasil.Instituto de Ensino Superior Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves. São João Del Rei, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro. Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia. Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina. São João Del Rei, MG, Brasil.Trichomonas vaginalis is the aetiological agent of human trichomoniasis, which is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases in humans. Iron is an important element for the survival of this parasite and the colonisation of the host urogenital tract