The Relationship Between Race and Suicide Ideation in Delinquent Females in the Texas Juvenile Justice System

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2002) reported that suicide is the second leading cause of death among people between the ages of 14 to 25 in the United States. This research examined the effect race has on suicidal ideation among a cohort of delinquent girls in Texas. This study examined 2004 data provided by the Texas Juvenile Probation Commission on referrals to the juvenile justice system in Texas (N = 6850). Other variables such as age, family structure, and sexual abuse were also examined to determine the strength and effect that sexual abuse has on a juvenile becoming suicidal. The results revealed that race has a minor effect on suicidal thoughts among females in the juvenile justice system when controlling for sexual abuse, age, and family structure. Implications for practice are further explained

“Cradle to Grave: An Examination of Demographic Behaviour on Two British Columbian Frontiers”

This paper begins an exploration of British Columbia's historical demography. It assesses rates of nuptiality and marital fertility in two turn-of-the-century cities, Nanaimo and Kamloops. Numerical male dominance is considered, along with the likelihood of high rates of nuptiality on the "frontier". The findings indicate a greater role for non-native women in early far west communities, and a greater range of options outside marriage in some locales. Fertility rates are described as well, revealing connections between natural increase and local economic factors. The study also identifies a large dependent population in the new cities and considers the effects this demographic and cost element would have had on British Columbia life.Cet article présente les premiers résultats d'une enquête sur la démographie historique de la Colombie-Britannique. Il évalue les taux de nuptialité et de fécondité maritale au tournant du siècle dans les deux agglomérations de Nanaimo et de Kamloops. Il s'arrête à la prépondérance numérique des hommes et à la probabilité de taux de nuptialité supérieurs dans les sociétés de la « frontière ». Deux phénomènes en particulier retiennent l'attention : le rôle accru des femmes non autochtones dans les jeunes communautés de l'Ouest, de même que l’ouverture de l'éventail des possibilités s'offrant aux femmes en dehors du mariage, dans certaines de ces communautés. De plus, à l'examen des taux de fécondité, on décèle des liens, à l'échelle locale, entre l’accroissement naturel de la population et les conditions de l'économie. L’analyse fait enfin apparaître, au coeur de ces villes, un large groupe de personnes dépendantes dont on tente d'évaluer l'impact sur la démographie et l'économie de la Colombie-Britannique

Evidence for a novel coding sequence overlapping the 5'-terminal ~90 codons of the Gill-associated and Yellow head okavirus envelope glycoprotein gene

The genus Okavirus (order Nidovirales) includes a number of viruses that infect crustaceans, causing major losses in the shrimp industry. These viruses have a linear positive-sense ssRNA genome of ~26-27 kb, encoding a large replicase polyprotein that is expressed from the genomic RNA, and several additional proteins that are expressed from a nested set of 3'-coterminal subgenomic RNAs. In this brief report, we describe the bioinformatic discovery of a new, apparently coding, ORF that overlaps the 5' end of the envelope glycoprotein encoding sequence, ORF3, in the +2 reading frame. The new ORF has a strong coding signature and, in fact, is more conserved at the amino acid level than the overlapping region of ORF3. We propose that translation of the new ORF initiates at a conserved AUG codon separated by just 2 nt from the ORF3 AUG initiation codon, resulting in a novel 86 amino acid protein

Comparison Study of MS-HRM and Pyrosequencing Techniques for Quantification of APC and CDKN2A Gene Methylation

There is increasing interest in the development of cost-effective techniques for the quantification of DNA methylation biomarkers. We analyzed 90 samples of surgically resected colorectal cancer tissues for APC and CDKN2A promoter methylation using methylation sensitive-high resolution melting (MS-HRM) and pyrosequencing. MS-HRM is a less expensive technique compared with pyrosequencing but is usually more limited because it gives a range of methylation estimates rather than a single value. Here, we developed a method for deriving single estimates, rather than a range, of methylation using MS-HRM and compared the values obtained in this way with those obtained using the gold standard quantitative method of pyrosequencing. We derived an interpolation curve using standards of known methylated/ unmethylated ratio (0%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of methylation) to obtain the best estimate of the extent of methylation for each of our samples. We observed similar profiles of methylation and a high correlation coefficient between the two techniques. Overall, our new approach allows MS-HRM to be used as a quantitative assay which provides results which are comparable with those obtained by pyrosequencing