Specificities of the estimation of efficiency of investment and construction projects at various stages of their life cycle

The paper addresses the issues related to the specificities of the estimation of efficiency of investment and construction projects (further ICP) at various stages of their life cycle. The structure of the ICP was analyzed; the necessity of detailed decomposition of the life cycle in order to improve the efficiency of block-process management was justified. The sequence of key organizational events in the implementation of the ICP is presented. The comparative analysis of methods for determining the discount rate was carried out. The methodology of the integrated approach to the organization of analysis of investment and construction projects is offered, which is characterized by close connection with the concept of the investment project’s life cycle. It promotes fuller compliance with the goals and objectives of investment and construction entities at all stages of investment, management and financial decision-making

Specificities of the estimation of efficiency of investment and construction projects at various stages of their life cycle

The paper addresses the issues related to the specificities of the estimation of efficiency of investment and construction projects (further ICP) at various stages of their life cycle. The structure of the ICP was analyzed; the necessity of detailed decomposition of the life cycle in order to improve the efficiency of block-process management was justified. The sequence of key organizational events in the implementation of the ICP is presented. The comparative analysis of methods for determining the discount rate was carried out. The methodology of the integrated approach to the organization of analysis of investment and construction projects is offered, which is characterized by close connection with the concept of the investment project’s life cycle. It promotes fuller compliance with the goals and objectives of investment and construction entities at all stages of investment, management and financial decision-making

Understanding the family among modern student youth

The article is devoted to the study of the attitude to the family among the students youth of the XXI century. The authors noted that in the hierarchy of values, the family from year to year occupies a leading place among the life priorities of student youth. The work focuses on the study of the problem of regulation of behavior in the family and the formation of parenting strategies. The authorsstudied the attitude of student youth towards types of families and concluded that the leading type of family relations today is the partner type of family. Among the youth, premarital family relationships are widespread, however, young people do not refuse to formalize marriage, they only postpone the official marriage to a later date. The paper notes that the formation of parenting strategies of the younger generation continues to be influenced by the traditional image of a “good mother,” but the concept of fatherhood differs in a certain way from the fatherly strategies of previous generations. In the student environment, the ideas about the role of the father in the family and his qualitative characteristics, which have changed in society, have clearly manifested themselves

Domain Truncation in Hispidin Synthase Orthologs from Non-Bioluminescent Fungi Does Not Lead to Hispidin Biosynthesis

Hispidin is a polyketide found in plants and fungi. In bioluminescent fungi, hispidin serves as a precursor of luciferin and is produced by hispidin synthases. Previous studies revealed that hispidin synthases differ in orthologous polyketide synthases from non-bioluminescent fungi by the absence of two domains with predicted ketoreductase and dehydratase activities. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that the loss of these domains in evolution led to the production of hispidin and the emergence of bioluminescence. We cloned three orthologous polyketide synthases from non-bioluminescent fungi, as well as their truncated variants, and assessed their ability to produce hispidin in a bioluminescence assay in yeast. Interestingly, expression of the full-length enzyme hsPKS resulted in dim luminescence, indicating that small amounts of hispidin are likely being produced as side products of the main reaction. Deletion of the ketoreductase and dehydratase domains resulted in no luminescence. Thus, domain truncation by itself does not appear to be a sufficient step for the emergence of efficient hispidin synthases from orthologous polyketide synthases. At the same time, the production of small amounts of hispidin or related compounds by full-length enzymes suggests that ancestral fungal species were well-positioned for the evolution of bioluminescence