Conformal lattice of magnetic bubble domains in garnet film

We report experimental observations of magnetic bubble domain arrays with no apparent translational symmetry. Additionally the results of comparative numerical studies are discussed. Our goal is to present experimental evidence for natural occurence of conformal structures.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX2e, accepted as paper E090 at JEMS'01 (Joint European Magnetic Symposia, formerly EMMA + MRM), August 28th to September 1st, 2001, Grenoble, Franc

Representations of (2,n)(2,n)-semigroups by multiplace functions

We describe the representations of $(2,n)$-semigroups, i.e. groupoids with $n$ binary associative operations, by partial $n$-place functions and prove that any such representation is a union of some family of representations induced by Schein's determining pairs.Comment: 17 page

Josephson array of mesoscopic objects. Modulation of system properties through the chemical potential

The phase diagram of a two-dimensional Josephson array of mesoscopic objects is examined. Quantum fluctuations in both the modulus and phase of the superconducting order parameter are taken into account within a lattice boson Hubbard model. Modulating the average occupation number $n_0$ of the sites in the system leads to changes in the state of the array, and the character of these changes depends significantly on the region of the phase diagram being examined. In the region where there are large quantum fluctuations in the phase of the superconducting order parameter, variation of the chemical potential causes oscillations with alternating superconducting (superfluid) and normal states of the array. On the other hand, in the region where the bosons interact weakly, the properties of the system depend monotonically on $n_0$. Lowering the temperature and increasing the particle interaction force lead to a reduction in the width of the region of variation in $n_0$ within which the system properties depend weakly on the average occupation number. The phase diagram of the array is obtained by mapping this quantum system onto a classical two-dimensional XY model with a renormalized Josephson coupling constant and is consistent with our quantum Path-Integral Monte Carlo calculations.Comment: 12 pages, 8 Postscript figure

Budget impact of eribulin in metastatic breast cancer in Russian Federation

Breast cancer is one of the most wide spread oncological disease and metastatic breast cancer is very severe, because of its high resistance. One of the recent drugs aimed for this group of patients is еribulin, which is microtubules dynamics inhibitor, leading to non-functional tubuline complex formation. Statistically relevant and clinically signifi cant еribulin action according to total survival was approved among HER2-negative and triple negative breast cancer. Eribulin is the only cytostatic approved as a monotherapy that leads to relevant and significant life prolongation among metastatic breast cancer patients, who had several regimens of therapy before.Aim. To determine budget impact and life years saved aft er adding Halaven® (еribulin) to the offi cial lists for metastatic breast cancer treatment.Methodology. Th is PHe was conducted according to standart implemented in the RF. All the breast cancer patients according to the state statics were included. The modelling horizon was 5 years. Drugs comparison are docetaxel, paclitaxel, kapezitabine, gemzitabine, vinorelbine, eribulin. Randomized controlled clinical trials investigating safety and effi cacy of these drugs, as well as performing head-to-head comparisons of some of them, were used as data source on safety and efficacy. A «decision tree» model was then constructed in order to estimate healthcare costs and patients outcomes. Two parameters were chosen as criteria for eff ectiveness assessment — overall survival and survival without progression. The results were used to perform Budget Impact Analysis (BIA) and evaluation of phramacoeconomic expediency and health impact.Results. Eribulin instead of standart therapy prolongs the patients’ life for 76 days. Budget impact analysis was performed to the terms of the treatment and adverse events correction. The profit of the eribulin treatment for every patient was 462858 rubles for 5 years or 5.59% of the budget impact. Sensitivity analysis confirms result stability, however, when price increase reaches 25%, the profit is 321356 rubles or 3.85% of the budget impact.Conclusion. It has been determined that eribulin is the most clinically and economically effective drug for metastatic breast cancer after 2nd line chemotherapy with the lowest budgetary burden

Representations of Menger (2,n)(2,n)-semigroups by multiplace functions

Investigation of partial multiplace functions by algebraic methods plays an important role in modern mathematics were we consider various operations on sets of functions, which are naturally defined. The basic operation for $n$-place functions is an $(n+1)$-ary superposition $[ ]$, but there are some other naturally defined operations, which are also worth of consideration. In this paper we consider binary Mann's compositions \op{1},...,\op{n} for partial $n$-place functions, which have many important applications for the study of binary and $n$-ary operations. We present methods of representations of such algebras by $n$-place functions and find an abstract characterization of the set of $n$-place functions closed with respect to the set-theoretic inclusion

MuSR method and tomographic probability representation of spin states

Muon spin rotation/relaxation/resonance (MuSR) technique for studying matter structures is considered by means of a recently introduced probability representation of quantum spin states. A relation between experimental MuSR histograms and muon spin tomograms is established. Time evolution of muonium, anomalous muonium, and a muonium-like system is studied in the tomographic representation. Entanglement phenomenon of a bipartite muon-electron system is investigated via tomographic analogues of Bell number and positive partial transpose (PPT) criterion. Reconstruction of the muon-electron spin state as well as the total spin tomography of composed system is discussed.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX, submitted to Journal of Russian Laser Researc

Fractional dynamics of coupled oscillators with long-range interaction

We consider one-dimensional chain of coupled linear and nonlinear oscillators with long-range power-wise interaction. The corresponding term in dynamical equations is proportional to $1/|n-m|^{\alpha+1}$. It is shown that the equation of motion in the infrared limit can be transformed into the medium equation with the Riesz fractional derivative of order $\alpha$, when $0<\alpha<2$. We consider few models of coupled oscillators and show how their synchronization can appear as a result of bifurcation, and how the corresponding solutions depend on $\alpha$. The presence of fractional derivative leads also to the occurrence of localized structures. Particular solutions for fractional time-dependent complex Ginzburg-Landau (or nonlinear Schrodinger) equation are derived. These solutions are interpreted as synchronized states and localized structures of the oscillatory medium.Comment: 34 pages, 18 figure

High-aspect ratio probes with selected geometry for advanced MFM measurements

The authors appreciate financial support by Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Russia, State Project № 075-00780-19-00, Subject № 0074-2019-0007

Pharmacoeconomic analysis of Xeomine® for treatment patients with focal dystonia

Focal dystonia is a large group of diverse neurological syndromes characterized by significant muscular contractions, spasms, repetitive movements, and persistent pathological poses (which in turn often causes pain syndrome). Blepharospasm (BSP) and cervical dystonia (CD) are two focal dystonias that have a particularly strong impact upon patient’s quality of life (QoL) and work performance. The most effective treatment for these syndromes is injection of botulinum toxin into the affected muscles. Currently there are three notable botulinum toxin drugs on the market - onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®), incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin®), abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport®). Their notable similarity in terms of safety and effectiveness, as well as severity of impact BSP and CD have on patient’s QoL confer considerable importance to performing proper pharmacoeconomic assessment of the relative benefits of these drugs, which is the subject of current effort. Aim. To perform the pharmacoeconomic analysis (PHe) of therapy using onabotulinumtoxinA, incobotulinumtoxinA, abobotulinumtoxinA of patients suffering from BSP or CD within context of Russian healthcare. Methodology. This PHe research effort is conducted perspective of Russian Healthcare system, as well as generalized budgetary interest (including GDP impact of the disease). The time horizon for this research was 5 years. Comparator drugs were Xeomin®, Dysport®, Botox®. Randomized controlled clinical trials investigating safety and efficacy of these were used as data source on safety and efficacy. Each simulated cohort consisted of 1 000 patients. A complex PHe model consisting of a “decision tree” (break cohorts down into subgroups depending on estimated duration of therapeutic effect) was developed. The subgroups were then directed into a Markov model for evaluating treatment outcomes proper was constructed. Cycle length for the Markov component of the model was set at 1 week. Length of time patients spend in state of clinical remission was chosen as effectiveness criterion because this endpoint is both most clinically relevant and constitutes the main social impact of investigated medical intervention. The results of this modelling effort were used to perform cost-minimization analysis (CMA), budget impact analysis (BIA). Result stability was confirmed by performing sensitivity analysis (SA). Result. Reduction in direct costs by 1 patient on average over 1 year of therapy using Xeomin® has been 26,5% and 19,7% compare Botox® and Dysport® respectively. Xeomin® has demonstrated significant benefit during CMA for both indications (CD and BSP), dominating against Botox® (the savings over 5 years by 1 patient 123 180 rub. (9,7%) and 64 107 rub. (6,1%), respectively) and against Dysport® (84 019 rub. (6,8%) and 43 726 rub. (4,2%), respectively). SA confirms result robustness. To perform BIA a complex analytical scenario was constructed. Within that scenario, market fraction of Dysport® was reduced gradually over the course of 2 years and the patients discontinuing Dysport® were moved to Xeomin® (ratio 3:1). This scenario has indicated that a move to Xeomin® is associated with reduction in budgetary burden, with most significant budget economy happening when patients suffering from CD are moved to Xeomin® (according to BIA the savings from moving to Xeomin® constituted 1,37% thus exceeding 71 million rub.). Conclusion. Use of Xeomin® is associated with reduction in direct costs for Russian healthcare system. Analysis indicates that discontinuing Dysport® in favor of Xeomine within context of governmental healthcare would result in reduction of budgetary burden. These results suggest that Xeomine® is highly pharmacoeconomically expedient within context of Russian healthcare system