Второе поколение редкой голубянки Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) damone (Eversmann, 1841) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) в окрестностях г. Саратова

В окрестностях г. Саратова впервые обнаружена вторая генерация редкого вида голубянки Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) damone (Eversmann, 1841). Ранее отсюда вид был известен лишь по первой генерации. Видовая принадлежность подтверждена анализом ДНК. Описана методика и результаты ДНК-баркодинга гена COI (митохондриальной цитохром с-оксидазы). Описываются отличия самцов первой и второй генераций. Приводятся данные о распространении и фенологии вида в окрестностях г. Саратова и в Нижнем Поволжье в целом

Frustrated spin-1/2 square lattice in the layered perovskite PbVO(3)

We report on the magnetic properties of the layered perovskite PbVO(3). The results of magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements as well as band structure calculations consistently suggest that the S=1/2 square lattice of vanadium atoms in PbVO(3) is strongly frustrated due to next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic interactions. The ratio of next-nearest-neighbor (J(2)) to nearest-neighbor (J(1)) exchange integrals is estimated to be J(2)/J(1)\approx 0.2-0.4. Thus, PbVO(3) is within or close to the critical region of the J(1)-J(2) frustrated square lattice. Supporting this, no sign of long-range magnetic ordering was found down to 1.8 K.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 2 table

Emergent helical texture of electric dipoles

Long-range ordering of magnetic dipoles in bulk materials gives rise to a broad range of magnetic structures, from simple collinear ferromagnets and antiferromagnets, to complex magnetic helicoidal textures stabilized by competing exchange interactions. In contrast, in the context of dipolar order in dielectric crystals, only parallel (ferroelectric) and antiparallel (antiferroelectric) collinear alignments of electric dipoles are typically considered. Here, we report an observation of incommensurate helical ordering of electric dipoles by light hole-doping of the quadruple perovskite BiMn7O12. In analogy with magnetism, the electric dipole helicoidal texture is also stabilized by competing instabilities. Specifically, orbital ordering and lone electron pair stereochemical activity compete, giving rise to phase transitions from a non-chiral cubic structure, to an incommensurate electric dipole and orbital helix, via an intermediate density wave

Observation of persistent centrosymmetricity in the hexagonal manganite family

The controversy regarding the ferroelectric behavior of hexagonal InMnO$_3$ is resolved by using a combination of x-ray diffraction (XRD), piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), second harmonic generation (SHG), and density functional theory (DFT). While XRD data show a symmetry-lowering unit-cell tripling, which is also found in the multiferroic hexagonal manganites of $P6_3cm$ symmetry, PFM and SHG do not detect ferroelectricity at ambient or low temperature, in striking contrast to the behavior in the multiferroic counterparts. We propose instead a centrosymmetric $P\bar{3}c$ phase as the ground state structure. Our DFT calculations reveal that the relative energy of the ferroelectric and nonferroelectric structures is determined by a competition between electrostatics and oxygen-$R$-site covalency, with an absence of covalency favoring the ferroelectric phase.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure

Unusual effects of magnetic dilution in the ferrimagnetic columnar ordered Sm2MnMnMn4−xTixO12\mathrm{Sm_2MnMnMn_{4-x}Ti_xO_{12}} perovskites

Powder neutron diffraction experiments have been employed to establish the effects of site-selective magnetic dilution in the Sm2MnMnMn4-x Tix O12 A-site columnar ordered quadruple perovskite manganites (x = 1, x = 2 and x = 3). We show that in all three compositions the Mn ions adopt a collinear ferrimagnetic structure below 27 K, 62 K and 34 K, respectively. An unexpected increase in the ordering temperature was observed between the x = 1 and x = 2 samples, which indicates a considerable departure from mean field behaviour. This result is corroborated by large reductions in the theoretical ground state magnetic moments observed across the series, which indicate the presence of spin fluctuations and or disorder. We show that long range magnetic order in the x = 3 sample, which occurs below the percolation threshold for B-B exchange, can only be understood to arise if magnetic order in Sm2MnMnMn4-xTixO12 is mediated via both A-B and B-B exchange, hence confirming the importance of A-B exchange interactions in these materials. Finally we show that site-selective magnetic dilution enables the tuning of a ferrimagnetic compensation point and the introduction of temperature-induced magnetization reversal.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Hybrid Improper Ferroelectricity in Columnar (NaY)MₙMₙTi₄O₁₂

We show that cation ordering on A site columns, oppositely displaced via coupling to B site octahedral tilts, results in a polar phase of the columnar perovskite (NaY)MnMnTi4O12. This scheme is similar to hybrid improper ferroelectricity found in layered perovskites, and can be considered a realisation of hybrid improper ferroelectricity in columnar perovskites. The cation ordering is controlled by annealing temperature and when present it also polarises the local dipoles associated with pseudo-Jahn–Teller active Mn2+ ions to establish an additional ferroelectric order out of an otherwise disordered dipolar glass. Below TN≈12 K, Mn2+ spins order, making the columnar perovskites rare systems in which ordered electric and magnetic dipoles may reside on the same transition metal sublattice