DNA-binding properties of the bacillus subtilis and aeribacillus pallidus AC6 ?D proteins

PubMed: 21097624?D proteins from Aeribacillus pallidus AC6 and Bacillus subtilis bound specifically, albeit weakly, to promoter DNA even in the absence of core RNA polymerase. Binding required a conserved CG motif within the -10 element, and this motif is known to be recognized by ? region 2.4 and critical for promoter activity. Copyright © 2011, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.National Institute of General Medical Sciences: R01GM04744

Genetic discrimination of two capoeta species in northeastern anatolia, using mitochondrial 16s rrna gene: (Osteichthyes: Cyprinidae)

The genetic discrimination of two species of the genus Capoeta, C. tinca (Heckel, 1843) and C. banarescui Turan et al., 2006, which is represented by many endemic species in Anatolian Turkey, has been investigated by analysing the partial 16S ribosomal DNA gene (525 bp). A total of 85 fish was sampled from two localities in the Marmara basin and 5 localities in the Black Sea basin. The amount of 16S rDNA sequence divergence separating these two taxa (mean 1.19%) is within the range observed for 16S rDNA variation between other species of freshwater fishes. The derived haplotypes (h: 28) were strictly local and were not shared between species or populations within species. Three types of phylogenetic tree (Bayesian, MP and ML) clearly showed C. banarescui and C. tinca as distinct species separated with significant bootstrap values (BI:94, MP:88, ML:81), confirming previous conclusions based on morphometric and meristic characters. Furthermore, four novel SNPs were identified, allowing discrimination between two species. AMOVA tests revealed that populations of Capoeta in Northeastern Anatolia can be divided into two main groups: Coruh River group, including SVS, TRT and ISP populations, and Yesilirmak-Harsit group, consisting of ALC and HRS populations. These results indicate the effectiveness of mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene sequences for both species identification and the phylogenetic analysis of Capoeta species. © Kasparek Verlag, Heidelberg.2011.103.01.2 Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi: 2006.111.04.1validity of these diagnostic positions was supported by the geographic distributions of the analysed samples.Acknowledgements. We would like to thank D. TURAN for his technical support and valuable suggestions and the Scientific Research Fund of Karadeniz Technical University (Project No: 2006.111.04.1) and Rize University (Project No: 2011.103.01.2) for financial suppor