ECONOMIC THEORY OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT OF A REGION WITH A HIGH VALUE OF PETROCHEMICAL COMPLEX

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop the theory of regional economics in the context of the cluster organization of its petrochemical complex. Methodology: The research methodology includes the use of cluster analysis and network planning of performance indicators of the petrochemical complex of the Republic of Tatarstan. Findings: It was found that over seven years of the existence of petrochemical cluster in the Republic of Tatarstan, no synergistic effects were achieved because of its activities. At the same time, significant financial resources were allocated to the cluster organization of petrochemical complex in this region and an administrative apparatus was created. The very concept of cluster development of the region in science and practice has long proved its viability in many countries, such as the Republic of Tatarstan since Michael Porter. This is because the Soviet times is provided with a highly developed industrial base and inexpensive labor in the field of petrochemical technologies, and the training of professional specialists in the region is provided by a concentration of higher education institutions. Implications: The economic and mathematical approaches used in this study enable it to single out the forms of activity in the cluster that enable it to increase its efficiency to the greatest extent with the least costs. Comprehensive network planning of cluster innovation based on graphical and potential methods presented in the study provide competitive advantages to small- and medium-sized companies

The Development of the School of Spatial Analysis of W.Isard on the Basis of Economic and Supply Chain Management Models of the Petrochemical and Chemical Production Cluster

Abstract- In the first post-war decade, studies of the problems of the regional economy were developed in many countries based on the supply chain management. Prerequisites were created for the unification of regional scientists and a new attempt to synthesize theories of spatial and regional economics. At this stage, the avant-garde role was played by an American scientist, W. Isard.Hi is first major monograph, “The Placement and Economics of Space,†was published in which he posed the problem of eliminating the deep discrepancies that exist for more than 100 years between classical theories; accommodation and leading schools of general economic theory.W. Isard rightly criticizes all classical and neoclassical economic theories for the fact that they limited themselves to studying "a country of miracles devoid of any spatial characteristics." This was partly due to the classical placement theories, which were expounded in outdated language and with excessive simplifications of "partial equilibrium", constant coefficients, cost minimization, constant demand curves, etc. Overcoming the stereotypes of these theories, W. Isard will clothe the theory of locating production in a more general economic form. He deduced the following law: profit maximizing firms will be located; so that the marginal rates of replacement of transportation costs of goods from two different points (regions) are equal to the reciprocal of their transportation tariffs. From this condition of the first order of maximizing profit, one can derive all particular allocation theories (Tyunen, Launhardt, Weber, etc.). Further, W. Aizard links, where it is possible, the theory of location with the known theories of production, pricing, trade, etc

Digital Modeling of Economic Processes and Supply Chain Management in the Formation of Cooperative Relations in the Petrochemical Cluster of the Region

Abstract- A study of the state of the theory of fuzzy sets shows that until recently in Russia there were almost no studies in the chemical sector of the economy and finance using fuzzy analysis and forecasting, although by that time all necessary prerequisites for modeling financial systems had been created. The current situation in Russia is characterized by a high degree of science lagging behind the requests of state and commercial supply chain management.Fuzzy sets have not been used to date for financial analysis and planning of chemical corporations, evaluating the investment attractiveness of securities, optimizing the stock portfolio, forecasting stock indices and macroeconomic indices. You can also talk about the lack of software based on fuzzy models, although abroad, such software products and information technologies that solve economic problems using fuzzy-plural and related descriptions already exist.In the 80's, software solutions and information technologies began to emerge, solving economic problems using fuzzy-plural and related descriptions. Thus, under the leadership of C. Zopounidis at the Technical University on the island of Crete, an expert system was developed for detailed financial analysis of corporations. A little earlier in Germany, a group led by H. Zimmerman developed a strategic planning system, in which the positioning of the corporation's business is based on fuzzy descriptions of the competitiveness and attractiveness of the business.As an example of such software, you can use expensive complex systems, which include fuzzy logic, which bankers and financiers use to solve the most complicated problems of forecasting financial indicators. The beginning of this process was laid by the Japanese financial corporation. Having set out to automate the game on the securities market, this company attracted about 30 specialists in artificial intelligence

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL PETROCHEMICAL REGION CASE STUDY: THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

© 2020. All Rights Reserved. Since the high potential of petrochemical industry in the creation of environmental impact, environment impact assessment of the development of petrochemical industry is of significant importance. This article considers regional management as the regulation of the behavior of a managed facility (state and non-state) by regional bodies, organizations, officials for the purposes determined by the state and the region. The direction of the facility is carried out by applying a variety of means, such as economic, environmental, administrative, ideological, legal and non-legal. Regional management is studying the formation of objective prerequisites for the economic development of the region, the management of the production structure, social sphere, ensuring living conditions, the resettlement and placement of the economy, the formation of a mechanism for the functioning and management of the economy, social sphere and ecology as well as environmental impact assessment of petrochemical industries. The subject of study, in addition to elements of the internal structure of the region’s governance, should be the links of this region with other regions of the country and states. Such relations are of the greatest importance for the region’s production development, which is caused by the need to exchange raw materials and technologies, equipment and components, products at various stages of value added increment. In the petrochemical industry, it is necessary to take into account high capital costs, air pollution, the uncertainties associated with its strong monopolization, as well as the high potential for increasing the oil recovery ratio and the depth of its chemical processing

Economic model of managing a region with an innovative petrochemical cluster to prevent pollution

© 2020 National Society of Environmental Science and Engineering (SNSIM). All rights reserved. There is a global environmental concern about the pollution from industries and other organizations that should not only be controlled but also prevented. Many alternatives are available to those in charge of environmental protection, but they should be able to draw on a system-attic procedure to help implement prevention and control measures. Management of the regional economy is a deliberate coordinating influence of state authorities and management on the course of socio-economic processes, in the interests of achieving stability, self-sufficiency of the region, ensuring normal living conditions for the population of the region as well as prevent environmental pollution. The management of the functioning and development of the region involves a coordinated impact, the implementation of a set of control actions from all three levels of territory management - federal, regional and municipal. Management is carried out on the basis of the rational use of all potential capabilities of the region - natural and non-natural resources, production, scientific and technical potentials. The management process identifies the characteristics of the region, the needs of functioning and development, the whole range of interests that manifests itself in the region. Following them, goals and objectives, priorities, forms, ways and methods of their implementation are formed. A region with a budget forming a petrochemical cluster is always a donor region; high hydrocarbon revenues provide an opportunity for additional support for sustainable development projects of the regional economic system. At the same time, such regions are significantly affected by the uncertainties and crisis situations associated with the high monopolization of the primary sector of the economy. To reduce these negative factors, it is necessary to develop products with high added value and its strong position in highly competitive markets

Environmental and econometric approach to the study of innovative development of petrochemical regions

© 2020 National Society of Environmental Science and Engineering (SNSIM). All rights reserved. The petrochemicals give us innumerable useful products. Nevertheless, they can also be injurious to the health of living beings and the earth's ecosystem. Most of these chemicals when released, can exhibit unfavourable effects on our environment, such as air, water and soil pollution. The article proposes environmental and econometric approaches to the study of the limiting and stimulating factors of the innovative development of oil and gas and chemical regions in the Russian context. The management of the economy of the petrochemical regions is a fairly dynamic process since over time; there is a change in the external and internal and ecosystem conditions that affect the development of the regions. External conditions include the political situation, economic and geographical position, degree of participation in the territorial division of labor and so forth. The internal conditions include the existing natural resource and technical-production potential, the degree of favorable demographic situation, the achieved level of innovative potential, the development of communication routes, etc. Finally, the environmental conditions include potential harmful impacts produced by chemical release, and Unsafe emissions may be due to improper production process and so on. It should be borne in mind that the more dynamically the economic sphere of regions develops, the faster innovation is perceived. However, the process of restructuring the economic systems of the regions during the transformation period continues, which is associated with a number of objective reasons that are caused by historical conditions. The previous type of the country's economic system was planned. This allowed in a fairly short time to build a large number of diverse industries, even in areas with extreme conditions for human habitation

Features of the supply chain development in the areas of oil production and refining

© ExcelingTech Pub, UK. The oil industry is one of the most important industries, which are the main export goods of Russia. The oil and gas industry is involved in a global supply-chain that includes domestic and international transportation, ordering and inventory visibility and control, materials handling, import/export facilitation and information technology. In addition, the price of the third main component of exports of natural gas substantially depends on the level of prices for oil and oil products. The oil industry of the Russian Federation is closely connected with all sectors of the national economy, and therefore is of great importance for the Russian economy. The demand for oil is always ahead of the offer, so almost all developed countries in the world are interested in the successful development of our oil industry. The object of the research of this article is to organize the supply chain management development in the areas of oil production and refining. The subject of research is the territorial organization of oil production and refining. The purpose of the work is to analyze the territorial organization of oil production and refining in Russia. The goal of the research involves the solution of the following main tasks: To study the theoretical and methodological issues of the oil industry; Identify geographic differences in the distribution of petroleum resources; to substantiate ways to improve the territorial organization of oil production and refining in Russia. The organization of the development of the supply chain management in the areas of oil production and refining is characterized by significant features. These include issues of investment policy and the development of innovations, the efficiency of managing production clusters, the tax structure in this sector of the economy, the supply chain foreign economic activity and others