The Effect Paraoxonase-1, Hydrogen Peroxide and Adiponectin Changes on Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure of Men’s with High Blood Pressure Fallowing to 12 Week Moderate Aerobic exercise

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: پاراکسوناز-1، آدیپونکتین و پراکسید هیدروژن از جمله شاخص هایی هستند که تحت تأثیر کم تحرکی قرار می گیرند و این احتمال وجود دارد که بر فشار خون موثر باشند. با این حال ارتباط بین تغییرات آن ها با فشار خون در اثر شرکت در فعالیت های منظم ورزشی مشخص نشده است، لذا هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی اثر 12 هفته فعالیت هوازی شدت متوسط بر ارتباط بین تغییرات پاراکسوناز-1، پراکسید هیدروژن و آدیپونکتین پلاسمایی با فشار خون سیستولی و دیاستولی مردان دارای فشار خون بالا می باشد. روش بررسی: تحقیق حاضر از نوع نیمه تجربی با اندازه گیری مکرر می باشد که در آن 10 مرد (در دامنه سنی 68/2±9/37) دارای فشارخون بالا (فشار خون سیستولی 23/0±531/140 و فشار خون دیاستولی 05/0±71/90) پس از اخذ رضایت نامه در 12 هفته برنامه فعالیت هوازی شدت متوسط (70-55 درصد حداکثر ضربان قلب بیشینه) شرکت کردند. سطح شاخص های فیزیولوژیک و همچنین سطح پاراکسوناز-1 Paraoxonase-1= PON-1)) و هیدروژن پراکسید (Hydrogen Peroxide= H2O2) و آدیپونکتین در مرحله پایه، هفته چهارم، هشتم و دوزادهم اندازه گیری شد و از آزمون مدل خطی آمیخته (Liner Mixed Model) جهت بررسی ارتباط بین شاخص ها استفاده شد. یافته ها: بررسی های آماری ارتباط معنی داری بین آدیپونکتین با فشار خون سیستولی و دیاستولی (به ترتیب: 150/0P= و 561/0P=) نشان نداد. ارتباط بین پاراکسوناز-1 با فشار خون سیستولی و دیاستولی (به ترتیب: 165/0P= و 520/0P=) نیز معنی دار نشد. با این حال ارتباط بین پراکسید هیدروژن با فشار خون سیستولی و دیاستولی معنی دار گزارش شد (به ترتیب: 020/0P= و 048/0P=). نتیجه گیری: به نظر می رسد 12 هفته فعالیت هوازی شدت متوسط از طریق کاهش ROS ها و فشار اکسایشی منجر به کاهش فشار خون مردان دارای فشار خون بالا می گردد

Physical activity and beta-amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia worldwide. Since curative treatment has not been established for AD yet and due to heavy financial and psychological costs of patients’ care, special attention has been paid to preventive interventions such as physical activity. Evidence shows that physical activity has protective effects on cognitive function and memory in AD patients. Several pathologic factors are involved in AD-associated cognitive impairment some of which are preventable by physical activity. Also, various experimental and clinical studies are in progress to prove exercise role in the beta-amyloid (Aβ) pathology as a most prevailing hypothesis explaining AD pathogenesis. This study aims to review the role of physical activity in Aβ-related pathophysiology in AD

Moderate aerobic exercise training decreases middle-aged induced pathologic cardiac hypertrophy by improving Klotho expression, MAPK signaling pathway and oxidative stress status in Wistar rats

Objective(s): This study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic training on serum levels of Klotho, cardiac tissue levels of H2O2 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and P38 as well as left ventricular internal diameter (LVID), the left ventricle wall thickness (LVWT) and fibrosis in middle-aged rats. Materials and Methods: Forty wistar rats, including young rats (n=10, 4 month-old) and middle-aged rats (n=30, 13-15 months-old) were enrolled in this experimental study. The all young and 10 middle-aged rats were sacrificed (randomly) under deep anesthesia without any exercise training as normal young control and normal middle-aged control respectively. The remaining 20 middle-aged rats participated in 4 (n=10) or 8-week (n=10) aerobic exercise training. Results: There were significant differences in the plasmatic Klotho levels and the heart tissue levels of phosphorylated-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), P-P38 and H2O2, LVWT, LVID and fibrosis between young and middle-aged rats (P=0.01). Plasmatic Klotho level was significantly increased after eight weeks training (P=0.011). Also, p-ERK1/2 was significantly decreased after eight weeks and p-P38 was significantly decreased in the fourth (P=0.01) and eight weeks of training (P=0.01). A similar decrease was reported for aging-induced H2O2 in the fourth (P=0.016) and eighth weeks (P=0.001). LVID was significantly increased in eight weeks, but LVWT and fibrosis was significantly reduced in the eighth week (P=0.011, P=0.028, P=0.001 respectively).Conclusion: Moderate aerobic training attenuates aging-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy at least partially by restoring the Klotho levels, attenuating oxidative stress, and reduction in the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, P38 and fibrosis

Effect of olive oil on IL-6, TNF-α and cortisol hormone levels in active girls after one session of an exhaustive exercise: a brief report

Background: The aim of this research was to determine the effect of olive oil on interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and cortisol hormone in response to exhaustive exercise in active girls.Methods: Twenty four healthy girls aged 21-27 years participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to supplement (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. Supplemented group was fed with olive oil for one week. Blood samples were taken in a week before of exercise test, before exercise, immediately and 1 hour after the end of the exercise.Results: There was a significant increase in the level of cortisol, IL-6 and TNF-α in the supplement and control groups in compared with a week before of exercise test and before exercise test (P≤0.05). There was no significant difference in cortisol levels between the two groups (P≥0.05), but there was a significant difference between the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in immediately and one hour after the end of exercise (P≤0.05). These markers were lower in the supplement group.Conclusion: Our results show olive oil prevent from increasing inflammatory markers in active girls during exhaustive exercise

Effect of exercise on aging cardiac hypertrophy, role of oxidative pressure and some of the mitogen-activated protein kinases

Aging is an inevitable process, which is associated with the development of various diseases such as cardiac hypertrophy. Hypertrophy can occur in both pathological and physiological form. Both types can be divided into a variety of eccentric and concentric types. In the present review, we present the effects of aging and exercise on patological and physioligac cardiac hypertrophy, oxidative stress and some of the mitogen-activated protein kinases with using 79 articles which acceable in pubmed and SID indexing which published during 1976-2016. If the age is associated with inactivity, leads to pathological heart hypertrophy. Meanwhile, the role of the protein family of kinases activated with mitogen and oxidative stress is important. Adolescence, if accompanied by low activity, can lead to increase oxidative stress through mitochondrial dysfunction. Oxidative stress can affect the activity of MAPKs. MAPKs have important role in wide variety of biological events, such as proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, mobility, survival and apoptosis. The tipping point of signal transduction and the regulation of these biological events bigin initially by the four MAPK subunits, including extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1 / 2), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK1, -2.3) kinase P38 (A, B, y, S) and large MAPKs (BMKs or ERK5s). This paper focuses on two types of ERK1 / 2 and P38 that play an important role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. ERK1 / 2 and P38 amounts change with aging. These changes are associated with the development of pathological hypertrophy. Sports activities can control the pathological pathway of hypertrophy and can lead to physiological hypertrophy. Exercise can control or reduce oxidative stress, ERK1 / 2 and P38 and ultimately can affect cardiac hypothyroidism