1,472 research outputs found
NATURE MAKES AN ASCENT FROM THE LOWER TO THE HIGHER : GREGORY OF NYSSA ON HUMAN DISTINCTIVENESS
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
āFor this reason the Father loves meā : Drawing Divinity into Himself to Minister Divinity to us
Open Access via the Wiley OA AgreementPeer reviewedPublisher PD
Unveiling the Pathos of LIfe : The Phenomenology of Michel Henry and the Theology of John the Evangelist
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Understanding musical copyright in the digital age
Copyright appears in one of two guises. It is either the backdrop to arguments about plagiarism - about how 'Blurred Lines' was stolen from Marvin Gaye, or about how Donald Trump is making (allegedly) illegitimate use of Adele and others to accompany his rallies. Or copyright is seen as central to the development of the digital economy - hence, Ian ..
Towards Automated Benchmarking of Atomistic Forcefields: Neat Liquid Densities and Static Dielectric Constants from the ThermoML Data Archive
Atomistic molecular simulations are a powerful way to make quantitative
predictions, but the accuracy of these predictions depends entirely on the
quality of the forcefield employed. While experimental measurements of
fundamental physical properties offer a straightforward approach for evaluating
forcefield quality, the bulk of this information has been tied up in formats
that are not machine-readable. Compiling benchmark datasets of physical
properties from non-machine-readable sources require substantial human effort
and is prone to accumulation of human errors, hindering the development of
reproducible benchmarks of forcefield accuracy. Here, we examine the
feasibility of benchmarking atomistic forcefields against the NIST ThermoML
data archive of physicochemical measurements, which aggregates thousands of
experimental measurements in a portable, machine-readable, self-annotating
format. As a proof of concept, we present a detailed benchmark of the
generalized Amber small molecule forcefield (GAFF) using the AM1-BCC charge
model against measurements (specifically bulk liquid densities and static
dielectric constants at ambient pressure) automatically extracted from the
archive, and discuss the extent of available data. The results of this
benchmark highlight a general problem with fixed-charge forcefields in the
representation low dielectric environments such as those seen in binding
cavities or biological membranes
Rheological transitions in the middle crust:insights from Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes
High-strain mylonitic rocks in Cordilleran metamorphic
core complexes reflect ductile deformation in the middle crust, but in many
examples it is unclear how these mylonites relate to the brittle detachments
that overlie them. Field observations, microstructural analyses, and
thermobarometric data from the footwalls of three metamorphic core complexes
in the Basin and Range Province, USA (the Whipple Mountains, California; the
northern Snake Range, Nevada; and Ruby MountainsāEast Humboldt Range,
Nevada), suggest the presence of two distinct rheological transitions in the
middle crust: (1)Ā the brittleāductile transition (BDT), which depends on
thermal gradient and tectonic regime, and marks the switch from discrete
brittle faulting and cataclasis to continuous, but still localized, ductile
shear, and (2)Ā the localizedādistributed transition, or LDT, a deeper, dominantly
temperature-dependent transition, which marks the switch from localized
ductile shear to distributed ductile flow. In this model, brittle normal
faults in the upper crust persist as ductile shear zones below the BDT in
the middle crust, and sole into the subhorizontal LDT at greater depths.<br><br>In metamorphic core complexes, the presence of these two distinct
rheological transitions results in the development of two zones of ductile
deformation: a relatively narrow zone of high-stress mylonite that is
spatially and genetically related to the brittle detachment, underlain by a
broader zone of high-strain, relatively low-stress rock that formed in the
middle crust below the LDT, and in some cases before the detachment was
initiated. The two zones show distinct microstructural assemblages,
reflecting different conditions of temperature and stress during
deformation, and contain superposed sequences of microstructures reflecting
progressive exhumation, cooling, and strain localization. The LDT is not
always exhumed, or it may be obscured by later deformation, but in the
Whipple Mountains, it can be directly observed where high-strain mylonites
captured from the middle crust depart from the brittle detachment along a
mylonitic front
Earthquake early warning and operational earthquake forecasting as real-time hazard information to mitigate seismic risk at nuclear facilities
Based on our experience in the project REAKT, we present a methodological framework to evaluate the potential benefits and costs of using Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) and Operational Earthquake Forecasting (OEF) for real-time mitigation of seismic risk at nuclear facilities. We focus on evaluating the reliability, significance and usefulness of the aforementioned real-time risk-mitigation tools and on the communication of real-time earthquake information to end-users. We find that EEW and OEF have significant potential for the reduction of seismic risk at nuclear plants, although much scientific research and testing is still necessary to optimise their operation for these sensitive and highly-regulated facilities. While our test bed was Switzerland, the methodology presented here is of general interest to the community of EEW researchers and end-users and its scope is significantly beyond its specific application within REAKT
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