Precancerous Cervical Lesion Among Adult Women With Human Immune Deficiency Virus on Anti Retroviral Therapy At Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

BackgroundCervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women representing 6.6% of all female cancers occurring in low and middle-income countries, where resources for cancer prevention programs are often scarce. So this study aimed to assess the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and associated factors among adult women with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) on Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) at Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 06 to July 20, 2020 among 267 adult women with HIV on Anti Retroviral Therapy At Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Data were collected using face-to-face interview, patient chart review, and the examination of the squamo-columnar junction by the visual inspection with the acetic acid method. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with the precancerous cervical lesion. Statistical significance was considered at a P-valve less than 0.05.ResultA total of 267 women who were on ART were included in the study and the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was 7.5% with 95% CI =4.10%-10.50%. Modern family planning (AOR = 4.14, 95% CI = 1.23-13.87), history of sexual transmission infection (STI) (AOR=5.39, 95% CI= 1.56-18.70) and viral load (AOR=20.85, 95% CI = 6.19-70.25) had significant association with precancerous cervical lesionConclusionIn this study, the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion is relatively low compared to studies in low and middle-income countries. Modern family planning, history of sexual transmitted infection, and viral load had a significant association with a precancerous cervical lesion. Hence, encouraging modern family planning, and routine screening of women for pre-cancerous cervical lesions for those with high viral load have enormous contributions to decreasing cervical cancer disease among Women with Human Immune Deficiency Virus through Anti Retroviral Therapy

Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background. Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor that is linked with fatal complications and is an overwhelming global challenge. Primary prevention is a key to control hypertension with identification of major risk factors. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with hypertension. Methods. Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 903 adults aged 25 to 64 years in Dire Dawa City, East Ethiopia. Data were collected using World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) for non-communicable disease (NCD) standard survey tool. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify relative effects of distal, proximal, and immediate risk factors of hypertension, and all statistical tests were declared significantly at P-value<0.05. Results. The average SBP and DBP were 124.98±17.18 mmHg and 78.92±10.13 mmHg, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.43% (95% CI: 21.57, 27.28). Majority (51.64%) of adults were not aware of their elevated blood pressure status. hypertension was significantly associated with the age group 30-44 (aOR 3.61, 95% CI: 2.0, 6.55), 45-54 (aOR 5.36, 95% CI: 2.62, 10.91), and 55-64 (aOR 9.38, 95% CI: 4.73, 18.59), being unemployed (aOR 1.68, 95%CI: 1.03, 2.77), ever smoking (aOR 1.89, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.23), having abdominal obesity (aOR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.64), and BMI≥25 kg/m2 (aOR 1.48, 95%CI: 1.01, 2.15). Conclusion. Moderately high prevalence of hypertension was observed among adults in study setting demonstrating a major public health problem. Majority of adults with hypertension in study setting were not aware of their elevated BP status highlighting the burden of the hidden morbidity and subsequent complications. Community level intervention and routine assessment of sociodemographic, behavioral, and biophysiological risk factors, screening, and diagnosis of NCDs should be institutionalized to address the occult burden

Health-related and immunological profiles of ART patients in Dessie referral Hospital of South Wollo Zone, North-central Ethiopia, June25-July25, 2021.

Health-related and immunological profiles of ART patients in Dessie referral Hospital of South Wollo Zone, North-central Ethiopia, June25-July25, 2021.</p

Socio-demographic characteristics of adult people living with HIV on ART in Dessie referral hospital of South Wollo Zone, North-central Ethiopia 2021.

Socio-demographic characteristics of adult people living with HIV on ART in Dessie referral hospital of South Wollo Zone, North-central Ethiopia 2021.</p

Questionnaire used to assess food insecurity and associated factors among Adult HIV patients on anti-retroviral.

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Raw data used in the analysis of food insecurity and associated factors among adult HIV patients on anti-retroviral.

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Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with food insecurity in Dessie referral hospital of South Wollo Zone, North-central Ethiopia 2021.

Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with food insecurity in Dessie referral hospital of South Wollo Zone, North-central Ethiopia 2021.</p