Human Development Index for rural Andhra Pradesh

The method used to measure Human Development are reviewed in order to measure Human Development Index for rural AP by considering indicators such as economic attainment, longevity and education. Using UNDP method to estimate Human Development Index, which is predominantly normative approach to club different indicators by giving weights. The estimates are worked out with and without considering inequalities in economic attainment indicator. IAMR survey data for year 2001 is used for this study. However, for making comparison over time, data and analysis undertaken in other study is also used. In other methods, primarily for the analysis of data for year 2001, inequalities in all indicators were taken into consideration to measure Human Development using both UNDP and Principal Component Analysis. The comparison of results show that there has been only marginal improvement in Human development during the 1990s in rural AP considering only inequality in economic indicator using UNDP method. However, the results may differ significantly in case inequalities in all the variables are taken into account and depending upon the methodology used as is demonstrated by analysis of data for year 2001. But unfortunately comparison of analysis over time using the modified approach was not possible due to lack of detailed data for other years.Human Development

Human Development Index for Rural Andhra Pradesh

The method used to measure Human Development are reviewed in order to measure Human Development Index for rural AP by considering indicators such as economic attainment, longevity and education. Using UNDP method to estimate Human Development Index, which is predominantly normative approach to club different indicators by giving weights. The estimates are worked out with and without considering inequalities in economic attainment indicator. IAMR survey data for year 2001 is used for this study. However, for making comparison over time, data and analysis undertaken in other study is also used. In other methods, primarily for the analysis of data for year 2001, inequalities in all indicators were taken into consideration to measure Human Development using both UNDP and Principal Component Analysis. The comparison of results show that there has been only marginal improvement in Human development during the 1990s in rural AP considering only inequality in economic indicator using UNDP method. However, the results may differ significantly in case inequalities in all the variables are taken into account and depending upon the methodology used as is demonstrated by analysis of data for year 2001. But unfortunately comparison of analysis over time using the modified approach was not possible due to lack of detailed data for other years.Human Development, Principal Component Analysis, UNDP, Andhra Pradesh

Cotton-textile-apparel sectors of India:

"Cotton, textiles, and apparel are critical agricultural and industrial sectors in India. This study provides descriptions of these sectors and examines the key developments emerging domestically and internationally that affect the challenges and opportunities the sectors face. More than four million farm households produce cotton in India, and about one-quarter of output is produced by marginal and small farms. Although production has expanded—most recently with the introduction of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton—domestic prices dropped sharply in the late 1990s, in parallel to world cotton prices. Using partial equilibrium simulations, we estimate that a price movement of the magnitude that occurred has a significant effect on levels of poverty among cotton-producing households. The fiber-to-fabric production chain, from cotton processing through apparel, employs more than 12 million workers in India and provides 16 percent of export earnings. Except for the spinning industry, these sectors are dominated by small, fragmented, and nonintegrated units, which adversely affect their competitiveness. Recent policy reforms have induced some technological improvements. In terms of future prospects for the Indian processing, textile, and apparel industries, our analysis emphasizes three dimensions of reform—the need for further investments in human resource development to improve industry productivity and reduce poverty among workers in these sectors, the emergence of modern domestic retail marketing chains, and the potentially vibrant prospects for the industry that arise from a growing domestic fabric demand and new opportunities in world markets if appropriate policies and investments are undertaken." from authors' abstractCotton, textiles, Apparel, Rural poverty, subsidies, Industry policy, World markets,

Scope of ethanol blending with gasonline and its impact on direct and indirect employment generation in rural and urban India

The main objective of this study is to find direct and indirect employment potential of inntroducing ethanol for blending with gasonline(Petrol) at various blend levels. The present demand of ethanol mainly stems from the chemical and beverage industry and the growth in demand for these industries in projected till year 2011-12 on the basis of the past pattern and future opertunities

Discrepancies in offcicial estimates of production and employment in textile and clothing sector

Censtral Statistical Organisation in its revised series has lowered its estimates of gross domestic product in textile and garment industry for the year 1995-96 to Rs26105 crore compared to its original estimates of Rs40016 crore, both at current prices. This has resulted in a decline in shae of textile and garment industry in the country's GDP to around 2.5 per cent compared to its share of 4 per cent in the original series for the year 1995-96. This is mainly due to the fact that our knowledge about textile industry remains very incomplete, despite its importance due to all indicators, whether income generation, employment or exports

Scope of ethanol blending with gasonline and its impact on direct and indirect employment generation in rural and urban India

The main objective of this study is to find direct and indirect employment potential of inntroducing ethanol for blending with gasonline(Petrol) at various blend levels. The present demand of ethanol mainly stems from the chemical and beverage industry and the growth in demand for these industries in projected till year 2011-12 on the basis of the past pattern and future opertunities

Discrepancies in offcicial estimates of production and employment in textile and clothing sector

Censtral Statistical Organisation in its revised series has lowered its estimates of gross domestic product in textile and garment industry for the year 1995-96 to Rs26105 crore compared to its original estimates of Rs40016 crore, both at current prices. This has resulted in a decline in shae of textile and garment industry in the country's GDP to around 2.5 per cent compared to its share of 4 per cent in the original series for the year 1995-96. This is mainly due to the fact that our knowledge about textile industry remains very incomplete, despite its importance due to all indicators, whether income generation, employment or exports

State of fabric producing units in India

The estimates in the government funded survey of handloom and powerloom sectors of the number of units, looms and employment are not reliable since they are especially designed to identify units eligible for sector-specific schemes. The Unit-wise Annual survey of Industries and the NSSO 62nd round data for 2005-06 cover the entire manufacturing data, but the results derived for variables such as value added, output, fabric production etc are also not considered reliables as the small units have a tendency to under report their production in order to retain the benefits of small-scale sector tax incentives. This paper presents an analysis of the National Counicl of Applied Economic Research sample survey, which was designed to estimate the weighted per unit ratio for various size classess of units belonging to the handloom, powerloom mill and kitting sectors

Cotton-textile-apparel sectors of India

"Cotton, textiles, and apparel are critical agricultural and industrial sectors in India. This study provides descriptions of these sectors and examines the key developments emerging domestically and internationally that affect the challenges and opportunities the sectors face. More than four million farm households produce cotton in India, and about one-quarter of output is produced by marginal and small farms. Although production has expanded-most recently with the introduction of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton-domestic prices dropped sharply in the late 1990s, in parallel to world cotton prices. Using partial equilibrium simulations, we estimate that a price movement of the magnitude that occurred has a significant effect on levels of poverty among cotton-producing households. The fiber-to-fabric production chain, from cotton processing through apparel, employs more than 12 million workers in India and provides 16 percent of export earnings. Except for the spinning industry, these sectors are dominated by small, fragmented, and nonintegrated units, which adversely affect their competitiveness. Recent policy reforms have induced some technological improvements. In terms of future prospects for the Indian processing, textile, and apparel industries, our analysis emphasizes three dimensions of reform: the need for further investments in human resource development to improve industry productivity and reduce poverty among workers in these sectors, the emergence of modern domestic retail marketing chains, and the potentially vibrant prospects for the industry that arise from a growing domestic fabric demand and new opportunities in world markets if appropriate policies and investments are undertaken." --from authors' abstractNon-PRIFPRI1; GRP2MTI