Funktionelle Aspekte von Kollagen XVI und seiner NC11-Domäne bei der Progression des oralen Plattenepithelkarzinoms

Kollagen XVI gehört zu der Familie der FACIT Kollagenen (fibril associated collagen with interrupted triple helix). In der oralen Mukosa ist es an der dermal-epidermalen Verbindungszone lokalisiert. Eine verstärket Kollagen XVI Expression konnte im oralen Plattenepitelkarzimom (englisch: oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)) und im Gliom beobachtet werden. Die Induktion der Kollagen XVI Expression in der humanen OSCC Zelllinie PCI13 zeigte eine dosisabhängigen Einfluss auf die Zellproliferation und -invasion. Zudem bewirkt die verstärkte Kollagen XVI Expression eine Hochregulation der MMP-9 Expression und die Invasion der Kollagen XVI Zellen. Bei Kollagen XVI überexprimierenden Zellen bindet Kollagen XVI an β1 Integrine. Wir konnten zeigen, dass die gesteigerte Kollagen XVI Expression in diesen Zellen, abhängig von fokalen Kontakten, eine Interaktion der ILK mit Kinlin-1 verursacht. Des Weiteren führt die erhöhte Kollagen XVI Expression zur Aktivierung des ILK/Akt Signalweges, was wiederum über den Transkriptionsfaktor AP-1 die Aktivierung der MMP-9 Genexpression bewirkt. Neben dem Volllängekollagen XVI konnten wir in vitro und in Plasmaproben von OSCC-Patienten spezifische, trunkierte Formen des Kollagen XVI beobachten. Wir fanden bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt nicht identifizierte, prozessierte Kollagen XVI Fragmente mit einem molekularen Gewicht von 100kDa, 60 kDa und 40 kDa, als auch ein Fragment, das in seiner Größe der NC11-Domäne von Kollagen XVI entspricht (ca.35 kDa, bestätigt durch Massenspektrometrie). Die Überexpression der NC11-Domäne in der humane OSCC Zelllinie PCI 13 (NC11 Zellen) hat bei der Kultivierung auf Matrigel® die Ausbildung von kanalähnlichen Netzstrukturen zur Folge. Gestützt werden diese Daten durch die Beobachtung, dass die NC11 Überexpression auch zu einer verstärkten Gen- und Proteinexpression der Rezeptoren VEGFR1, VEGFR2 und des uPa-Rezeptors führt. Die spezifische VEGFR Inhibition verhindert die Ausbildung der kanalähnlichen Netzstrukturen bei NC11 Zellen. Diese Befunde lassen vermuten, dass die Überexpression der NC11-Domäne von Kollagen XVI, durch die gesteigerte Expression der endothelassoziierten Rezeptoren VEGFR1, VEGFR2 und den uPa Rezeptor, Einfluss auf die vaskulogene Mimikry der OSSC Tumorzellen nimmt

Functional Characterization of Water Transport and Cellular Localization of Three Aquaporin Paralogs in the Salmonid Intestine

Intestinal water absorption is greatly enhanced in salmonids upon acclimation from freshwater (FW) to seawater (SW); however, the molecular mechanism for water transport is unknown. We conducted a pharmacological characterization of water absorption in the rainbow trout intestine along with an investigation of the distribution and cellular localization of three aquaporins (Aqp1aa, -1ab, and -8ab) in pyloric caeca, middle (M), and posterior (P) intestine of the Atlantic salmon. In vitro iso-osmotic water absorption (Jv) was higher in SW than FW-trout and was inhibited by (mmol L−1): 0.1 KCN (41%), 0.1 ouabain (72%), and 0.1 bumetanide (82%) suggesting that active transport, Na+, K+-ATPase and Na+, K+, 2Cl−-co-transport are involved in establishing the driving gradient for water transport. Jv was also inhibited by 1 mmol L−1 HgCl2, serosally (23% in M and 44% in P), mucosally (27% in M), or both (61% in M and 58% in P), suggesting involvement of both apical and basolateral aquaporins in water transport. The inhibition was antagonized by 5 mmol L−1 mercaptoethanol. By comparison, 10 mmol L−1 mucosal tetraethylammonium, an inhibitor of certain aquaporins, inhibited Jv by 20%. In the presence of glucose, mucosal addition of phloridzin inhibited water transport by 20%, suggesting that water transport is partially linked to the Na+-glucose co-transporter. Using polyclonal antibodies against salmon Aqp1aa, -1ab, and -8ab, we detected Aqp1aa, and -1ab immunoreactivity in the brush border and sub-apical region of enterocytes in all intestinal segments. The Aqp8ab antibody showed a particularly strong immunoreaction in the brush border and sub-apical region of enterocytes throughout the intestine and also stained lateral membranes and peri-nuclear regions though at lower intensity. The present localization of three aquaporins in both apical and lateral membranes of salmonid enterocytes facilitates a model for transcellular water transport in the intestine of SW-acclimated salmonids

Dance, Design, and Neuroscience: Interdisciplinary Strategies to Promote Sustainability and Vitality in the Creative Sector

Art/Architecture: 1st Place (The Ohio State University Denman Undergraduate Research Forum)With the oversaturation of marketing and advertising in today’s world, the biggest challenge in the performing arts industry lies in encouraging consumers to leave the comfort of their homes to engage in a live cultural experience. Marketing and advertising for these organizations has called for innovative brand direction shifting from traditional market research to explore the psychological and neurological implications behind brand perception. In this study, I investigated how design theory and neuroscience, when included in branding and marketing strategies, can increase brand awareness and loyalty for the performing arts, specifically focusing on dance organizations. Today, the concept of branding is viewed as a holistic entity, referring to how an individual experiences and relates to a product or service. I began asking the questions, “How do we create successful branding solutions for dance organizations?” as well as, “How can research from outside fields, such as neuroscience, inform my process as a designer?” To explore these ideas, three contemporary dance companies (one local, one regional, and one international) agreed to participate in this study. Primary research regarding the performing arts industry, consumer psychology, behavioral neuroscience, and design theory was conducted along with in-depth marketing and branding analysis via interviews and surveys. From this information, a new branding direction for each company was then created. To inform the design process, neuro-imaging techniques, such as eye tracking, were used to test how visual elements were perceived and which of those methods had the greatest effect on the viewer. Effective methods were compiled to create a branding framework, specifically directed toward dance organizations. With this research, my goal is to create the opportunity for further discussion as to how design theory and neuroscience can aid in brand direction and thus help to create visually striking, memorable brands, capable of attracting and retaining consumers.Academic Major: Danc

The Education of School Counsellors in Canada

The author differentiates between counsellor education and the education of school counsellors. He uses a 1978 study of school guidance services in Canada in which provincial guidance directors were interviewed to gain their perceptions of various guidance-related issues. The study indicated that departments of education prefer the term "guidance" to "counselling" and the terminology affects how guidance is practised in the schools and how school counsellors are trained. The study identified several discrepancies between the training given to and practice expected of school counsellors. It also found that national priorities were considered important neither to the training of counsellors nor to the practice of guidance in the schools. Unexpectedly, the study found that the responsibility for in-service training of school counsellors was seldom assumed by the training institutions.L'auteur différencie "formation des conseillants" et "formation des conseillants pédagogiques." Il utilise une étude entreprise en 1978 des services de l'orientation pédagogique au Canada. Pour cette étude, on interroge des directeurs provinciaux de l'orientation à découvrir leurs perceptions sur questions divers qui se rapportent à l'orientation. L'étude indique que les départements de l'éducation préfèrent l'appellation "orientation" à "consultation", et que l'appellation influence comment l'orientation est pratiquée aux écoles et comment les conseillants sont formés. L'étude constate quelque désaccords entre la formation donnée au et le pratique attendu du conseillant. Elle montre encore qu'on ne considère importantes les priorités nationales ni à la formation des conseillants ni à la pratique de l'orientation aux écoles. Une découverte imprévue est que les institutions de formation prennent rarement la responsibilité d'apprentissage au travail de conseillants pratiquants

The Renaissance of Vocational Guidance

No abstract availabl

The Petra pool -complex: A Hellenistic paradeisos in the Nabataean capital (results from the Petra “Lower Market” survey and excavation, 1998)

During a two-month field season in the summer of 1998, a survey and excavation was conducted in the “Lower Market”, a large unbuilt area adjoining the Great Temple at the heart of the ancient city of Petra (Jordan). The primary goal of the Petra Lower Market Survey, was to investigate the area of the site traditionally designated as the “Lower Market” in order to determine its function, historical development, and its relationship to the other monuments in the city\u27s civic center. Its central location, monumental scale and labor-intensive construction suggest that this area was part of the ceremonial, economic and political center of the city, and therefore must have been of some importance to the structure and organization of the city during the Classical Nabataean (1st c. BCE–1st c. CE) and Roman periods (2nd–4th c. CE). Excavations focused mainly on the southern half of the “Lower Market” where substantial architectural features were visible on the surface. The excavations revealed the remains of a monumental pool-complex with island-pavilion and an elaborate hydraulic system irrigating a large earthen terrace. The identification of a pool-complex at Petra prompts a re-examination of the long-held interpretation of the city. It is argued here that in its first phase (end of the 1st c. BCE), the Pool-Complex functioned as a royal paradeisos, part of a large palace complex that included the Great Temple. Around the time of Roman annexation in 106 CE, Petra was transformed from a ceremonial center into a civic center. The Great Temple was converted into a theatron (bouleuterion) and the Pool-Complex now functioned as a fashionable public park. The Petra Pool-Complex played an important role in the socio-political life of Petra during the Nabataean and Roman periods. The mere presence of a paradeidos in Petra symbolized the Nabataean king\u27s power and helped to legitimize his place among contemporary rulers who utilized architectural programs, gardens, and water display as political metaphor. The paradeisos is an example of a gratuitous display of conspicuous consumption, a symbol of the flourishing status of Petra during its Classical era

The Petra pool -complex: A Hellenistic paradeisos in the Nabataean capital (results from the Petra “Lower Market” survey and excavation, 1998)

During a two-month field season in the summer of 1998, a survey and excavation was conducted in the “Lower Market”, a large unbuilt area adjoining the Great Temple at the heart of the ancient city of Petra (Jordan). The primary goal of the Petra Lower Market Survey, was to investigate the area of the site traditionally designated as the “Lower Market” in order to determine its function, historical development, and its relationship to the other monuments in the city\u27s civic center. Its central location, monumental scale and labor-intensive construction suggest that this area was part of the ceremonial, economic and political center of the city, and therefore must have been of some importance to the structure and organization of the city during the Classical Nabataean (1st c. BCE–1st c. CE) and Roman periods (2nd–4th c. CE). Excavations focused mainly on the southern half of the “Lower Market” where substantial architectural features were visible on the surface. The excavations revealed the remains of a monumental pool-complex with island-pavilion and an elaborate hydraulic system irrigating a large earthen terrace. The identification of a pool-complex at Petra prompts a re-examination of the long-held interpretation of the city. It is argued here that in its first phase (end of the 1st c. BCE), the Pool-Complex functioned as a royal paradeisos, part of a large palace complex that included the Great Temple. Around the time of Roman annexation in 106 CE, Petra was transformed from a ceremonial center into a civic center. The Great Temple was converted into a theatron (bouleuterion) and the Pool-Complex now functioned as a fashionable public park. The Petra Pool-Complex played an important role in the socio-political life of Petra during the Nabataean and Roman periods. The mere presence of a paradeidos in Petra symbolized the Nabataean king\u27s power and helped to legitimize his place among contemporary rulers who utilized architectural programs, gardens, and water display as political metaphor. The paradeisos is an example of a gratuitous display of conspicuous consumption, a symbol of the flourishing status of Petra during its Classical era

I. Le Sud-Est de l’Allemagne

Der Westen Deutschlands, von Klaus Freckmann Die bauhistorische Situation des Rheinlandes ist von einer doppelten Situation geprägt – einerseits von dem Dilemma der hohen Verluste aufgrund des Zweiten Weltkrieges vor allem in Großstädten wie Köln, Aachen, Mainz, Koblenz oder Trier und andererseits aufgrund einer recht zielgerichteten Erforschung der mittelalterlichen Architektur in den letzten Jahrzehnten. Der Kenntnisstand der massiven Wohnhäuser (ab dem 13. Jh.) hat sich erheblich verbessert. Am Rhein, an der Mosel und in der Pfalz wurden mehrere Fachwerkbauten „ entdeckt“, die zumindest im Kern aus dem 14. Jh. stammen. Die Möglichkeiten der Dendrochronologie haben insbesondere den Forschungsstand erweitert und dem hiesiegen Baubestand zu einem genauen Datierungsgerüst verholfen. Das Rheinland ist eine der zentralen Kulturlandschaften Deutschlands und stellt zugleich ein Bindeglied mit dem Westen dar. Es wird immer deutlicher, dass die rheinische und (ost) französische Architektur in einem großen Zusammenhang stehen, was auch schon den französischen und auch den deutschen Architekturhistorikern des frühen 19. Jh. bewusst war. Auch dies sollten Gründe dafür sein, die gemeinsame architekturhistorische Forschung zu intensivieren, die letztlich nicht nur überregional, sondern auch übernational sein müsste -wie es auch einmal die mittelalterliche Welt war.Bedal Konrad, Garrigou Grandchamp Pierre. I. Le Sud-Est de l’Allemagne. In: Bulletin Monumental, tome 167, n°3, année 2009. L'Allemagne gothique. I. Châteaux et maisons. pp. 229-242