Heat shock proteins and the cellular response to osmotic stress

In antidiuresis, the intrarenal distribution of HSP25/27, alpha beta -crystallin, HSP72, OSP94 and HSP110 corresponds to the osmotic gradient between cortex and papilla: low amounts in the cortex and high values in the inner medulla and papilla. In addition, medullary HSP72 levels change appropriately with the diuretic state. Studies on MUCK cells suggest that, in the renal medulla in vivo, stressors, such as NaCl and low pH, may act in concert to induce HSP72 expression. Urea, added to the medium at high concentrations (600 mM), causes the majority of MUCK cells to die. Prior exposure of these cells to hypertonic media (NaCl addition), a maneuver that induces HSP72, protects the cells against the deleterious effects of high urea concentrations. Inhibition of HSP72 expression by stable antisense transfection or SB203580 treatment abolishes the beneficial effects of prior hypertonic stress. Conversely, overexpression of HSP72 under isotonic conditions by a dexamethasone-driven vector confers substantial resistance against subsequent exposure to high urea concentrations. Taken together these results suggest that also in the renal inner medulla, NaCl-induced enhancement of HSP72 expression may help counteract the detrimental effects of high urea concentrations. Copyright (C) 2000 S. Karger AG Basel

Estratégia e suas práticas: um estudo de caso em uma organização acadêmica

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, Florianópolis, 2015.O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar na gestão acadêmica de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior - IES as suas práticas estratégicas, quem são e como atuam os estrategistas, uma vez que é na área acadêmica que as principais atividades da instituição acontecem: o ensino e a pesquisa, foco rico em ações estratégicas relevantes. Fundamenta-se a análise em autores como Mitzenberg, Clegg, Meyer, Baldridge, Weick, entre outros, que reconhecem as Universidades como organizações caracterizadas pela pluralidade e complexidade, sistemas frouxamente articulados, onde as práticas estratégicas transcendem o modelo cartesiano, top-down. Esta pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, utilizando-se de um estudo de caso em uma IES, com coleta de dados por análise documental, observação não participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os gestores acadêmicos, sendo a interpretação realizada por meio de elementos da análise do discurso. Neste estudo foi possível identificar em diversos níveis hierárquicos estratégias orientadas por aspectos racionais, políticos e simbólicos. As macroestratégias derivam de uma estratégia tipo guarda-chuva, muitas vezes para implantação de controles ou respostas às exigências externas legais. Já as microestratégias, práticas que impactam no ensino e na aprendizagem, em sua maioria emergem da base, dos professores, que possuem o conhecimento e a articulação para demandar mudanças nos processos acadêmicos, constituindo um planejamento ex post facto.Abstract : The object of this work is to analyze the academic management of an Higher Education Institution  HEI, its strategic practices, who are the strategists and how they work. It is in the academic field that the main activities of the institution happen, teaching and research, rich focus on relevant strategic actions. It is based on the analysis on authors such as Mitzenberg, Clegg, Meyer, Baldridge, Weick, among others, that recognize the universities as organizations characterized by plurality and complexity, loosely articulated systems, where the strategic practices transcend the Cartesian model, top-down. This research is qualitative, using a case study in an HEI, with data collection for document analysis, non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews with academic managers, and the interpretation carried out through analysis of elements speech. In this study was possible to identify strategies at different hierarchical levels, guided by rational, political and symbolic aspects. The macro strategies derived from an umbrella brand strategy, often for implementation of controls or responses to external legal requirements. Micro strategies, practices that impact on teaching and learning, mostly emerge from the base, the teachers, who have the knowledge and the relationship to demand changes in the academic processes, providing an ex post facto planning

The value of scientific knowledge dissemination for scientists:A value capture perspective

Scientific knowledge dissemination is necessary to collaboratively develop solutions to today’s challenges among scientific, public, and commercial actors. Building on this, recent concepts (e.g., Third Mission) discuss the role and value of different dissemination mechanisms for increasing societal impact. However, the value individual scientists receive in exchange for disseminating knowledge differs across these mechanisms, which, consequently, affects their selection. So far, value capture mechanisms have mainly been described as appropriating monetary rewards in exchange for scientists’ knowledge (e.g., patenting). However, most knowledge dissemination activities in science do not directly result in capturing monetary value (e.g., social engagement). By taking a value capture perspective, this article conceptualizes and explores how individual scientists capture value from disseminating their knowledge. Results from our qualitative study indicate that scientists’ value capture consists of a measureable objective part (e.g., career promotion) and a still unconsidered subjective part (e.g., social recognition), which is perceived as valuable due to scientists’ needs. By advancing our understanding of value capture in science, scientists’ selection of dissemination mechanisms can be incentivized to increase both the value captured by themselves and society. Hence, policy makers and university managers can contribute to overcoming institutional and ecosystem barriers and foster scientists’ engagement with society

Strategies and procedures in literacy cycle children in problem situations involving information processing

In this article, we report on a study of the axis of “Provinha Brasil de Matemática” content with respect to the math axis of information processing. The aim is to present key strategies and procedures based on the Theory of Conceptual Fields for use by children during the literacy cycle to resolve situation-problems related to this content block. Information processing relates to the reading and organization of data as well as the different presentations of reading in everyday life, especially with respect to graphs and tables. The methodological design is sustained in qualitative studies of researchaction in schools.The information processing axis is a block of content with great potential for the development of mathematical thinking, as the children must focus on the proposed situation-problem and use their skills to read and interpret data. We note that the ability to read information presented in tables, charts and other textual carriers is rarely addressed in the context of the classroom; thus, the student’s use of procedures and strategies is very rudimentary or is used for other mathematical content

Strategies and procedures used by children in the literacy cycle for problem-solving situations involving additive structures

The literacy cycle has been configured as a new space and time for the teaching of mathematics. Several skills and methodologies must be developed in early elementary education to ensure the mathematical literacy of children. In this article we report on astudy based on research-action in schools that explored strategies and procedures employed by students to solve problems through addition or subtraction. We note that counting is structured as the main strategy for implementing the arithmetic operations ofdifferent types of actions. In some cases, the problems and actions are processed to give priority to the strategy of counting. We understand that the difficulty to quantify and manage sets occurs because of the difficulty of organizing a mental structure or hierarchy, which are fundamental to the notion of numbers

DA RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL À GESTÃO SOCIAL: ESTUDO DE CASO DO PROGRAMA MULHERES MIL NO IF-SC CAMPUS GASPAR

Analisa-se a legitimidade no Programa Mulheres Mil (PMM) à luz da Gestão Social. Utilizou-se como metodologia para o estudo uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter descritivo e bibliográfico, através de um estudo de caso no IF-SC Campus Gaspar. Deduz-se que o PMM é uma política pública compensatória, onde não se faz presente a Gestão Social, mas com características de Responsabilidade Social, utilizando como ferramenta a Tecnologia Social

Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of South American species and populations of Hypochaeris (Asteraceae)

One hundred and thirty-seven new chromosome counts are reported from 104 populations of 26 native South American taxa of Hypochaeris (Asteraceae, Lactuceae), together with two invasive Mediterranean species: H. glabra and H. radicata. First reports are provided for seven taxa (H. alba, H. cf. eremophila, H. caespitosa, H. hookeri, H. parodii, H. patagonica and H. pinnatifida) and one new ploidy level is reported (diploid for H. incana, so far known only as a tetraploid). Including the results of this study, the chromosomes of 39 of the c. 50 Hypochaeris species known from the New World have now been counted. Most species are diploid with 2n = 2x = 8 and have bimodal, asymmetrical karyotypes. Tetraploidy (2n = 4x = 16) is reported here for the first time in H. caespitosa. Infra-specific polyploidy (probably autopolyploidy) is reported in H. incana and H. taraxacoides, both cases including infra-populational cytotype mixtures (2x and 4x). Polyploidy is now known from eight South American Hypochaeris species (c. 16%). Basic karyotype analyses allow the placement of the newly counted taxa into previously proposed but slightly modified groupings and provide the framework for further molecular cytogenetic analyses. The reported findings suggest that chromosomal change in South American Hypochaeris, in contrast to Old World species, has not involved aneuploidy, but polyploidy and/or more subtle changes in chromosome length, perhaps via satellite DNA amplification/deletion or activity of retroelements, and rDNA reorganization.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Velocities of an Erupting Filament

Solar filaments exist as stable structures for extended periods of time before many of them form the core of a coronal mass ejection (CME). We examine the properties of an erupting filament on 2017 May 29–30 with high-resolution He i 10830 Å and Hα spectra from the Dunn Solar Telescope, full-disk Dopplergrams of He i 10830 Å from the Chromospheric Telescope, and EUV and coronograph data from SDO and STEREO. Pre-eruption line-of-sight velocities from an inversion of He i with the HAZEL code exhibit coherent patches of 5 Mm extent that indicate counter-streaming and/or buoyant behavior. During the eruption, individual, aligned threads appear in the He i velocity maps. The distribution of velocities evolves from Gaussian to strongly asymmetric. The maximal optical depth of He i 10830 Å decreased from τ = 1.75 to 0.25, the temperature increased by 13 kK, and the average speed and width of the filament increased from 0 to 25 km s−1 and 10 to 20 Mm, respectively. All data sources agree that the filament rose with an exponential acceleration reaching 7.4 m s−2 that increased to a final velocity of 430 km s−1 at 22:24 UT; a CME was associated with this filament eruption. The properties during the eruption favor a kink/torus instability, which requires the existence of a flux rope. We conclude that full-disk chromospheric Dopplergrams can be used to trace the initial phase of on-disk filament eruptions in real time, which might potentially be useful for modeling the source of any subsequent CMEs

Magnetic Structure of an Erupting Filament

The full 3-D vector magnetic field of a solar filament prior to eruption is presented. The filament was observed with the Facility Infrared Spectropolarimeter at the Dunn Solar Telescope in the chromospheric He i line at 10830 {\AA} on May 29 and 30, 2017. We inverted the spectropolarimetric observations with the HAnle and ZEeman Light (HAZEL) code to obtain the chromospheric magnetic field. A bimodal distribution of field strength was found in or near the filament. The average field strength was 24 Gauss, but prior to the eruption we find the 90th percentile of field strength was 435 Gauss for the observations on May 29. The field inclination was about 67 degree from the solar vertical. The field azimuth made an angle of about 47 to 65 degree to the spine axis. The results suggest an inverse configuration indicative of a flux rope topology. He i intensity threads were found to be co-aligned with the magnetic field direction. The filament had a sinistral configuration as expected for the southern hemisphere. The filament was stable on May 29, 2017 and started to rise during two observations on May 30, before erupting and causing a minor coronal mass ejection. There was no obvious change of the magnetic topology during the eruption process. Such information on the magnetic topology of erupting filaments could improve the prediction of the geoeffectiveness of solar storms

Self-reported depression symptoms in haemodialysis patients: Bi-factor structures of two common measures and their association with clinical factors

Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Objective: To validate the factor structure of two common self-report depression tools in a large sample of haemodialysis (HD) patients and to examine their demographic and clinical correlates, including urine output, history of depression and transplantation. Methods: Factor structures of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Data was utilised from the screening phase (n = 709) of a placebo-controlled feasibility randomised control trial (RCT) of sertraline in HD patients with mild to moderate Major Depressive Disorder. Alternative factor models including bi-factor models for the BDI-II and PHQ-9 were evaluated. Coefficient omega and omega-hierarchical were calculated. Results: For both measures, bi-factor measurement models had the overall best fit to the data, with dominant general depression factors. Omega-hierarchical for the general BDI-II and PHQ-9 factors was 0.94 and 0.88 respectively. Both general factors had high reliability (coefficient omega = 0.97 and 0.94 respectively) and explained over 85% of the explained common variance within their respective models. BDI-II and PHQ-9 general depression factors were negatively associated with age and urine output and positively with a history of depression, antidepressant use within the last 3 months and a history of failed transplantation. In adjusted regression models, age, urine output and a history of depression remained significant. Conclusions: These data suggest that both the BDI-II and PHQ-9 are sufficiently unidimensional to warrant the use of a total score. Younger age, lower urine output and a history of depression appear consistent correlates of depression severity among HD patients.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio