Features of the distribution of manganese in soils of the Prichulym taiga in Tomsk region during forest logging

In the course of the summer expedition, soil samples were taken from the upper, the most ‘active’ for migration and pollution by chemical elements, horizon in the taiga zone of Zyryanskiy district, Tomsk region. Soils were sampled in two plots: in a typical taiga forest and in the area after selective logging carried out six years ago. The selected soil samples were analyzed for the presence and total content of manganese. As a result of statistical data processing, the average value of the content of this element was obtained. Changes in the species composition of vegetation in the logged area could affect the redistribution of the considered chemical element in the soil. For a complete picture of the deposition and the reasons for possible migration of manganese in the upper layer of the soil horizon, the acid-base conditions and the organic component (humus) were additionally determined in the soil samples. The global indicators of the world’s soils – clarke values – were used as standards to compare with the average values of the manganese content in soil. The obtained average values of manganese in the upper horizon of soils in the studied areas were compared with respect to the data on the content of manganese in soils of the taiga forest zone of Eurasia. The southeast of Tomsk region is included in this zone. Based on the ecological and geochemical analysis, the reasons for the change in the content of manganese and the degree of its dangerous impact have been revealed. This characteristic made it possible to interpret the data obtained on the manganese content in the soil of the study areas, as well as to assess the state of the environment after anthropogenic transformation and other possible factors

Effect of lethal yellow (AY) mutation and photoperiod alterations on mouse behavior

Decrease in natural illumination in fall/winter months causes depressive-like seasonal affective disorders in vulnerable individuals. Obesity is another risk factor of depression. The lethal yellow (AY) mutation causes ectopic expression of agouti protein in the brain. Mice heterozygous for AY mutation (AY/a) are obese compared to their wild-type littermates (a/a). The main aims of the study were to investigate the effects of AY mutation, photoperiod and the interaction between these factors on daily activity dynamics, feeding, locomotor and exploratory activities, anxiety-related and depressive-like behaviors in mild stress condition. Six weeks old mouse males of AY/a and a/a lines were divided into four groups eight animals each and exposed to long- (14 h light and 10 h darkness) or short- (4 h light and 20 h darkness) day conditions for 28 days. Then the behavior of these mice was successively investigated in the home cage, open field, elevated plus-maze and forced swim tests. We did not observed any effect of AY mutation on the general activity, water and food consumption in the home cage; locomotion and exploration in the open field test; anxiety-related behavior in the open field and elevated plus-maze tests. At the same time, AY mutation increased depressive-like immobility time in the forced swim test (F1.28 = 20.03, p = 0.00012). Shortday conditions decreased nocturnal activity in the home cage, as well as locomotion (F1.28 = 16.33, p = 0.0004) and exploration (F1.28 = 16.24, p < 0.0004) in the open field test. Moreover, short-day exposition decreased time spent in the center of the open field (F1.28 = 6.57, p = 0.016) and in the open arms of the elevated plus-maze (F1.28 = 12.08, p = 0.0017) tests and increased immobility time in the forced swim test (F1.28 = 9.95, p = 0.0038). However, no effect of the interaction between AY mutation and photoperiod on immobility time in the forced swim test was observed. Therefore, short-day photoperiod and AY mutation increased depressive-like behavior in the forced swim test by means of different mechanisms

On the Relationships between Decision Management and Performance Measurement

Decision management is of utmost importance for the achievement of strategic and operational goals in any organisational context. Therefore, decisions should be considered as first-class citizens that need to be modelled, analysed, monitored to track their performance, and redesigned if necessary. Up to now, existing literature that studies decisions in the context of business processes has focused on the analysis of the definition of decisions themselves, in terms of accuracy, certainty, consistency, covering and correctness. However, to the best of our knowledge, no prior work exists that analyses the relationship between decisions and performance measurement. This paper identifies and analyses this relationship from three different perspectives, namely: the impact of decisions on process performance, the performance measurement of decisions, and the use of performance indicators in the definition of decisions. Furthermore, we also introduce solutions for the representation of these relationships based, amongst others, on the DMN standard.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad BELI (TIN2015-70560-R)Junta de Andalucía P12-TIC-1867Junta de Andalucía P10-TIC-590

Clinical characteristics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, evaluation of the effectiveness of therapy in combination with palivizumab vaccination

The article deals the clinical manifestations of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, its diagnosis and treatment with an assessment of effectiveness, specific prevention of respiratory syncytial infection.В статье рассмотрены клинические проявления бронхолегочной дисплазии, ее диагностика и лечение с оценкой эффективности, специфическая профилактика респираторно- синцитиальной инфекции

Sleep disorders interactions with obesity and type 2 diabetes

Obesity and type II diabetes are 21st century pandemia. These metаbolic disorders are in the focus of attention of various specialties: cardiologists, endocrinologists, nutritionists, therapists, and others. The high incidence of obesity and type II diabetes cardiovascular complications, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, chronic heart failure, dementia, determine the call of risk factors search. Modifiable factors may include sleep disturbances. Recent studies have revealed a connection between changes in sleep duration and metabolic disorders. However, to date, the mechanisms underlying this association have not been established. The aim of the review is to summarize existing epidemiological and experimental observations, as well as an analysis of possible pathophysiological mechanisms linking sleep duration with obesity and type II diabetes. The article considers current data suggesting a bi-directional association of sleep disorders with obesity and diabetes. Sleep disturbances are significant determinant of developing metabolic disorders. Sleep duration correction as one of therapeutic targets for cardiovascular complications of obesity and type II diabetes prevention

Определение внеклеточного миокардиального матрикса методом двухэнергетической мультиспиральной томографии: систематический обзор с метаанализом

Background. The amount of extracellular myocardial matrix is a non-invasive tool for quantitative assessment of myocardial fibrosis. MRI with late gadolinium-enhancement is considered to be the “Gold standard” of non-invasive practice.  Dual Energy computed tomography is a new non-invasive approach for detection of myocardial fibrosis and its prognostic value remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to summarize all available data and to study prognostic value of DECT for the detection of fibrotic changes in myocardium.Methods. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, SCOPUS and Web of Science for cohort studies up to October 2021 that reported myocardial extracellular volume fraction quantification using contrast enhanced dual energy CT or/and MRI with delayed enhancement.Results. Eleven studies met eligibility criteria. A systematic analysis demonstrated the difference in extracellular volume fraction in patients with fibrotic and inflammation changes of the myocardium, as well as good comparability between DECT and MRI. The value of extracellular volume fraction in myocardium with fibrotic or inflammatory changes was higher than in healthy tissue, which makes it possible to use the ECV as a non-invasive marker of myocardial fibrosis.Введение. Неинвазивное измерение внеклеточного миокардиального матрикса (ВММ) является перспек тивным инструментом для количественной оценки фиброзной ткани в миокарде. “Золотым стандартом” неинвазивного определения принято считать магнитно-резонансную томографию (МРТ) с отсроченным контрастированием. Двухэнергетическая мультиспиральная компьютерная томография (ДЭКТ) является новым способом вычисления ВММ и ее прогностическая ценность по сравнению с другими методами при фиброзе различной этиологии остается неясной.Цель исследования: обобщение имеющихся данных и изучение прогностической ценности ДЭКТ для диагностики рубцовых изменений миокарда у взрослых пациентов.Материал и методы. Проводился систематический поиск опубликованных исследований в базах данных MEDLINE, EMBASE, Библиотеки Cochrane, SCOPUS и Web of Science, оценивающих измерение ВММ по данным двухэнергетической МСКТ и МРТ при фиброзе миокарда любой этиологии. В результате для метаанализа было отобрано 13 статей.Результаты. Представленные исследования продемонстрировали отличие показателя ВММ у пациентов с фиброзом или воспалением миокарда, а также хорошую сопоставимость результатов ДЭКТ и МРТ. Значение ВММ в участках с рубцовыми и воспалительными изменениями было выше, чем в неизмененном миокарде.Заключение. Отличие значения ВММ у пациентов с фиброзом миокарда различной этиологии и здоровых лиц позволяет использовать показатель ВММ по данным ДЭКТ в качестве неинвазивного маркера миокардиального фиброза

Сосудистые кальцинаты молочной железы как проявление системного атеросклероза

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are socially significant diseases and one of the main causes of death among women. There are no effective and uniform screening methods to prevent the prevalence and mortality of CVD. Breast artery calcifications may be one of the available tools for CVD risk stratification. The pathogenesis of calcification of the middle vessel wall, known as Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis, is different from the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis that coronary arteries. However, research data supports a correlation between breast artery calcifications and risk factors for CVD. These factors include coronary atherosclerosis, detected by CT-coronarography.Purpose. To assess the prevalence of breast arterial calcification and to determine the association with cardiovascular risk factors, coronary artery calcification, atherosclerosis of brachiocephalic arteries and visceral branches of the abdominal aorta.Material and methods. 21 patients were hospitalized in the cardiology department. The patients underwent digital mammography to detect breast arterial calcifications. All patients also underwent CT coronary angiography with angiography of the abdominal aorta.Results. The use of the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney W-test with an abnormal distribution showed a correlation between the breast arterial calcifications and the calcium index (p = 0.0028), coronary artery stenosis (p = 0.040), calcification of the thoracic aorta wall (p = 0.035) and stenosis of the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta (p = 0.037).Conclusions. The breast arterial calcifications correlates with a more frequent detection of calcifications in the walls of the coronary arteries and a higher calcium index.Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания (ССЗ) относятся к социально значимым заболеваниям и являются одной из основных причин смертности среди женщин. Отсутствие эффективных и унифицированных методов скрининга препятствует уменьшению заболеваемости и распространенности ССЗ и смертности от них. Сосудистые кальцинаты в молочной железе могут стать одним из доступных инструментов страти фикации риска ССЗ. Патогенез кальциноза средней оболочки артерий, известный как артериокальциноз Менкеберга, отличается от патогенеза атеросклероза интимы, возникающего в коронарных артериях. Тем не менее исследования подтверждают корреляцию между сосудистыми кальцинатами в молочной железе и факторами риска ССЗ. К таким факторам относится атеросклероз коронарных артерий, выявляемый с помощью КТ-коронарографии.Цель работы: изучение связи сосудистых кальцинатов в молочной железе с факторами риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, атеросклерозом коронарных артерий, брахиоцефальных артерий и висцеральных ветвей брюшной аорты.Материал и методы. 21 пациентка, находящаяся на стационарном лечении в отделении кардиологии, была обследована на наличие сосудистых кальцинатов в молочных железах с помощью цифровой маммографии. Также всем пациенткам была выполнена КТ-коронарография с ангиографией брюшной аорты.Результаты. Применение W-критерия Уилкоксона–Манна–Уитни при ненормальном распределении показало взаимосвязь между наличием сосудистых кальцинатов в молочной железе и кальциевым индексом (р = 0,0028), стенозами коронарных артерий (р = 0,040), кальцинозом стенки грудной аорты (р = 0,035) и стенозами висцеральных ветвей брюшной аорты (р = 0,037).Заключение. Наличие кальцинатов в стенках сосудов молочных желез коррелирует с более частым выявлением кальцинатов в стенках коронарных артерий и более высоким кальциевым индексом

Analysis of the demand for video lectures in the discipline “Polyclinic Therapy”

Purpose — to analyze the annual dynamics of students’ views of video lectures on the discipline “Polyclinic Therapy”.Цель — проанализировать годовую динамику просмотров студентами видеолекций по дисциплине «Поликлиническая терапия»