Comparing of Welfare indicators between Turkey and European Union Member States

This study considered pre-selected socio-economic indicators of the first 15 members of the European Union, subsequent 9 countries from East and Central Europe and Turkey, analyzing the situations of countries and variables according to one another and betraying the possible commonalities and disparities between them. Aiming at finding possible similarities and disparities between them selected social economic indicators from EUROSTAT (2005 data were used) is acquired and by using related variables the multidimensional scaling analysis is applied. As a result of the multidimensional scaling analysis the obtained stress value for the two-dimensional configuration was 0,18. The k=2 dimension the stress value explains the data in the rate of 0,85387. It is important to look at the inflation rate and gini coefficient first, when the objective is to investigate the development and welfare indicators of a country. According to distances between Countries, higher welfare and development level was demonstrated in the first 15 members of the European Union. In the second dimension, the distances between the countries of East-Central Europe that subsequently joined the Union and Turkey show that they have similar welfare and development level.Multidimensional Scaling, Social Economics Indicators, EUROSTAT

The comparison of pollen morphological structures and total amount of proteins that belonging to some allergen taxa of Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Plantaginaceae, Urticaceae and Asteraceae (Compositae) families

Ankara ilinden toplanan Amaranthus retroflexus L. (Amaranthaceae) Chenopodium album L. (Chenopodiaceae), Plantago lanceolata L, P. major subsp. intermedia (Gilib.) Lange (Plantaginaceae), Artemisia scoparia Waldst.& Kit. (Asteraceae) ve Kastamonu’dan toplanan Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae) taksonlarının polen morfolojik yapıları ışık mikroskobunda (IM) incelenmiştir. A. retroflexus, C. album, P. lanceolata ve P. major subsp. intermedia polenleri periporat, sferoidal, U. dioica polenleri triporat ve suboblat’dir. A. scoparia polenleri trikolporat ve sferoidal ‘dir. Ornamentasyon (süsleme) P. major subsp. intermedia’da verrukat, A. scoparia’da skabrat, diğer türlerde ise granulat’dir. Bu taksonların toplam protein miktarları Lowry metoduna göre ülkemizde ilk defa belirlenmiştir. A. scoparia’nın toplam protein miktarı ile yurt dışından getirtilen A. vulgaris ekstraktı karşılaştırılmıştır. Toplam protein miktarının P. major subsp. intermedia (46%), A. vulgaris (38.1%), A. scoparia (30.3%) and A. retroflexus (15.3%)’da C. album (12.5%), P. lanceolata (12.25%) ve U. dioica (12.1%)’ya göre daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir.This study gives the pollen morphologies such herb taxa in Ankara as Amaranthus retroflexusL. (Amaranthaceae), Chenopodium album L. (Chenopodiaceae), Plantago lanceolata L, P.major subsp. intermedia (Gilib.) Lange (Plantaginaceae), and Artemisia scoparia Waldst.& Kit. (Asteraceae), Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae) in Kastamonu as examined by using Light microscope (LM). A. retroflexus, C. album, P. lanceolata and P. major subsp. intermedia pollen grains are periporate and spheroidal, U. dioica pollens are triporate and suboblate. A. scoparia pollens are tricolporate and spheroidal While exine structure is verrucate in P. major subsp. intermedia and scabrate in A. scoparia, it is granulate in other taxa. The total amount of proteins of those above mentioned taxa have been first time observed acknowledged in our country by using the methods of Lowry. The total amount of proteins of A. scoparia are compared the extracts of A. vulgaris that were imported from abroad. It was determined that the total amounts of protein are much more in P. major subsp. intermedia (46%), the extract of A. vulgaris (38.1%), A. scoparia (30.3%) and A. retroflexus (15.3%) than in C. album (12.5%), P. lanceolata (12.25%) and U. dioica (12.1%)