Prostaglandin-Associated Periorbitopathy: Report of three Cases and Review of Fundamental Physiopathology

Prostaglandin analogues, latanoprost and travoprost, and one of the prostamides, bimatoprost, are widely used in glaucoma practice with their efficacious intraocular pressure-lowering effect. Treatment-related trichomegaly, increase in periocular pigmentation and adnexal hair growth are well-known periocular changes. But recently, a new and infrequent side effect called prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy characterized by deepening of the upper lid sulcus, ptosis, enophthalmus, regression in dermatochalasis and lower lid lateral orbital fat pad prolapsus has been determined. In this case report, we wanted to present this rare side effect in three glaucoma patients who received bimatoprost and travoprost and to remind related fundamental physiopathology. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2013; 43: 57-60

Early Clinical Features of Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome in Anterior Segment and Gonioscopy Examination

Objectives: To determine the early signs of pseudoexfoliation (PEX) in fellow eyes of cases with unilateral PEX. Materials and Methods: Fellow eyes of 34 cases with unilateral PEX were evaluated by slit-lamp and gonioscopy. Findings associated with PEX were recorded. Results: Mean age was 67.8±8.1 years (range 55-86 years). Twenty-five patients (73.5%) had pigmentation in the inferior angle and 23 patients (67.6%) had Sampaolesi’s line located on the inferior angle in fellow eyes. The other most common findings were loss of peripupillary ruff in 10 patients (29.4%) and pigment dispersion following pupil dilation in 14 patients (41.1%). Conclusion: Pigmentation in the inferior angle and Sampaolesi’s line on the inferior angle seem to be the most common early findings associated with PEX. Special attention should be paid to these findings in cases with ocular hypertension for proper management

Comparison of structural and functional tests in primary open angle glaucoma

Purpose: To comparatively analyze the structural and functional tests used in the diagnosis and follow-up of glaucoma. Methods: Eighty eyes of 40 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and 46 eyes of 23 healthy individuals were included in the study. Transient pattern electroretinography (PERG), steady-state PERG (ssPERG), computerized visual field (VF) screening, and examination of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thickness on optical coherence tomography (OCT) were undertaken. The results were compared between the groups. Results: 80 eyes belonging to 40 patients with a diagnosis of POAG (23 female, 17 male) (18 mild 22 moderate POAG) with a mean of 57.37 (±8.6) years, and 46 eyes of 23 healthy individuals (14 female, 9 male) with a mean age of 55.30 (±8.09) years were included in the study. PERG P50 and N95 and ssPERG latency revealed a significant delay in the POAG group. When the wave amplitudes were examined, they were found to be significantly lower in both PERG and sSPERG tests for the POAG group, but the results were more pronounced in ssPERG. The latency values of PERG and ssPERG tests were not significantly correlated with any of the parameters of the remaining tests. However, the amplitude values of these tests had a positive correlation with the mean deviation value and negative correlation with the pattern standard deviation value of VF. All associated parameters were significant for the amplitude value of the ssPERG test. Conclusion: For the proper management of glaucoma, rather than approaching damage simply as the loss of retinal ganglion cells or the neuroretinal rim, it is necessary to focus on the ongoing anatomical and functional relationship and evaluate structural and functional tests together. In addition, ssPERG test, which is not widely adopted in routine practice, provides valuable information and is significantly correlated with OCT parameters

The value of intraocular pressure asymmetry in diagnosing glaucoma

PURPOS