The Efficacy of a Novel Biological Formulation from Bovine Milk Colostrum Exosomes and its Growth Factors in Enhancing the Process of Wound Healing

The management of wounds is a significant issue that impacts individuals, healthcare systems, and society at large. This study evaluated a novel formulation extracted from Bovine Colostrum with a unique combination of 20 different growth factors and exosomes, known for its exceptional properties in promoting cell proliferation and regeneration. The newly developed combination of different biological components was referred to as Rigemed D (RD). This study aims to determine the effects of different doses of RD on cell survival (using CCK8) and to assess its antioxidant effect using the Comet assay in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on two human cell types, fibroblasts and immortalised keratinocytes (HaCaT cell line). The study results revealed that RD, at doses of 1, 1.5 and 2% v/v, significantly improved cell viability four, six and 12 times, respectively, compared to the control group (p<0.00001). Furthermore, the Comet assay showed a two-fold reduction in DNA damage in RD-treated cells at 2% v/v without and with H2O2 (p<0.001). The effect of RD on cell proliferation and migration was evaluated using a scratch assay on fibroblasts and HaCaT cells. The findings demonstrated a four-fold increase in cell proliferation and migration at 1 and 24 hours (p<0.001). Immunohistochemistry confirmed this claim (p<0.001). Also, angiogenesis induction of RD was assessed on Human Vein Umbilical Endothelial Cells (HUVEC), showing that RD significantly enhanced the proliferation of endothelial HUVEC cells (p<0.0001). In conclusion, RD is a promising vitalising compound with exceptional capabilities in promoting cell proliferation, migration, and regeneration. It also shows a significant antioxidant effect and has the potential to support all phases of wound healing involving cell proliferation, re-epithelialisation, angiogenesis, and tissue maturation. Hence, the present formulation presents a promising foundation for developing a 3D bio-printed membrane, potentially expediting the wound healing process

Comet-assay parameters as rapid biomarkers of exposure to dietary/environmental compounds - An in vitro feasibility study on spermatozoa and lymphocytes

Twelve chemical compounds have been selected for the European NewGeneris study on the basis of their potential to damage DNA, in order to establish adequate and reliable biomarkers of exposure. These genotoxic chemicals include heterocyclic amines, organochlorines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, mycotoxins, lipid peroxidation products and alcohol. Damage in somatic cells such as lymphocytes could give rise to cancer, while damage in germ cells could not only give rise to cancer but also to heritable defects. The alkaline Comet assay, with and without metabolic activation, as well as the neutral Comet assay were used to assess DNA integrity in spermatozoa and lymphocytes after in vitro treatment with low, middle and high doses of each chemical. DNA-reactive aldehydes generated by lipid peroxidation, food mutagens such as heterocyclic amines, nitrosamine and benzo[a]pyrene produced the highest amounts of DNA damage, even without metabolic activation. Damage seen with the neutral Comet assay – detecting primarily double-strand breaks – was lower than with the alkaline assay. In general, there was increased damage in the spermatozoa by comparison with the lymphocytes, with altered slopes in the dose–response curves. The Comet assay with sperm was generally very sensitive in assessing genotoxic damage, with the Comet parameters being good biomarkers of induced DNA damage. Establishing reliable biomarkers of exposure for the evaluation of dietary/environmental carcinogens is of utmost importance to protect our health and the health of our offspring

Aspirin and ibuprofen, in bulk and nanoforms: Effects on DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes from breast cancer patients and healthy individuals

YesRegular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be protective against tumours, including breast cancer. We have studied the effects of ibuprofen and aspirin on DNA damage in lymphocytes obtained from breast cancer patients and healthy female controls. Both nanoparticle (NPs) and bulk formulations were used in the comet and micronucleus (MN) assays. Non-toxic doses (250 ng/ml ibuprofen; 500 ng/ml aspirin) were tested. Aspirin, both bulk and nano formulations, significantly reduced DNA damage measured with the comet and micronucleus assays; the nano formulation was more effective. Ibuprofen was not effective in the comet assay but showed a significant reduction in MN frequency, with the nano formulation being more effective. NPs may have better penetration through the nuclear membrane relative to the bulk formulation. NSAIDs such as aspirin and ibuprofen may have a promising role in cancer prevention and treatment.LIBYAN GOVERNMEN