Einfluss von genetischen Varianten im platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 - Gen auf die Prognose und Thrombozytenfunktion bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzerkrankung

Bei der Behandlung der koronaren Herzkrankheit konnten mit Stentimplantation und der dualen antithrombozytären Therapie mit Clopidogrel und ASS deutliche Fortschritte erzielt werden. Dennoch gibt es erhebliche Unterschiede bezüglich des Auftretens von kardiovaskulären Ereignissen nach PCI. Aus vorherigen Studien ging hervor, dass PEAR1 SNPs mit der Thrombozytenfunktion assoziiert sind. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden die PEAR1 SNPs rs12566888, rs2768759, rs41273215, rs3737224 und rs822442 bei 582 Patienten mit stabiler koronarer Herzerkrankung oder akutem Koronarsyndrom, behandelt mit PCI und dualer antithrombozytärer Therapie, untersucht. Über einen Zeitraum von 365 Tagen nach initialer PCI wurde ein Follow-up durchgeführt, wobei der primäre Endpunkt, definiert war als kombinierter Endpunkt bestehend aus Tod, Myokardinfarkt oder ischämischem Schlaganfall. Als sekundäre Endpunkte, wurden Tod, Myokardinfarkt oder ischämischer Schlaganfall beobachtet. Außerdem wurden Thrombozytenfunktionsanalysen mittels Impedanzaggregometrie durchgeführt und auf Zusammenhänge mit den verschiedenen PEAR1 SNPs untersucht. Cox Regressionsanalysen ergaben bei homozygoten PEAR1 rs2768759 Minorallelträgern ein signifikant höheres Risiko für das Auftreten eines primären Endpunktes (HR=3,16, 95% Konfidenzintervall: 1,4-7,13, p=0,006). Geschlechterspezifische Untersuchungen ergaben eine geringfügig signifikante Assoziation bei männlichen PEAR1 rs12566888 Minorallelträgern mit dem primären Endpunkt (hazard ratio, 2.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–4.43, p = 0.045; n = 425). Des Weiteren konnte festgestellt werden, dass PEAR1 rs2768759 Träger ein signifikant höheres Risiko hatten einen der folgenden sekundären Endpunkte zu erreichen: Myokardinfarkt (p = 0.013), sowie erhöhte Sterblichkeitsrate (p = 0.051). Bei PEAR1 rs41273215 Minorallelträgern wurde eine geringere durch TRAP initiierte Thrombozytenaggregation festgestellt (75), als bei homozygoten Majorallelträgern (83, p= 0.0094). In der vorliegenden Studie wurden erstmals die Auswirkungen ausgewählter PEAR1 SNPs auf das klinische Outcome bei kardiovaskulären Patienten mit stabiler KHK oder ACS, bei denen eine PCI durchgeführt wurde und die mit einer dualen antithrombozytären Therapie behandelt wurden, untersucht

Good bot vs. bad bot: Opportunities and consequences of using automated software in corporate communications

The paper attempts to lay a foundation for research on the use of bots in corporate communications. The first step is to identify opportunities and challenges that may offer starting points for future regulations. In this research project, expert interviews were conducted in the form of guideline-based telephone interviews. A total of ten experts from the scientific community and experts from the practical field were interviewed. Following this, a qualitative-reductive content analysis was conducted with the aim of building categories and hypotheses based on them. The results show that experts from the scientific community and practical field clearly see advantages for corporate communications, but also highlight hurdles and ethical challenges that are currently seen as a major barrier to the use of bots. In this context, experts mention, among other things, the assumption of structured routine tasks, ensuring efficiency and quality in corporate communications, cost efficiency and relieving employees. On the other hand, weaknesses, like the lack of transparency, data protection and loss of control arise. Results clearly show that the ethical perspective has to be taken into account. In this context, data protection, the question of responsibility and possible manipulation intentions are particularly worth mentioning

Perceived Overqualification and Collectivism Orientation:Implications for Work and Nonwork Outcomes

In this research, we simultaneously examined the relative applicability of person-environment fit and relative deprivation theories in explaining the interactive effects of perceived overqualification and collectivism cultural orientations on positive outcomes. We hypothesized that the negative (positive) influence of perceived overqualification on person-environment fit (relative deprivation) will be weaker among employees with high collectivism cultural orientation. We also examined which of these two different mechanisms would explain the hypothesized interactive effects in predicting these workers’ citizenship behavior, personal initiative, work engagement, and life satisfaction. We tested our hypotheses in two studies. In Study 1, we recruited professional staff (n = 852) and their coworkers (n = 301) from 95 universities and tested our hypotheses in a matched sample of 190 employees and their peers. The moderated mediation results supported the idea of person-environment fit (but not relative deprivation) as the mechanism explaining why collectivism orientations assuaged the negative effects of perceived overqualification on these outcomes. We constructively replicated these results in Study 2, which was a time-lagged design with full-time employees (n = 224). Study 2’s results further supported the robustness of our model by testing alternative moderators, mediators, and outcomes.</p

Design, build and operation of the CHESTER system

Within the framework of the European Union's H2020 project CHESTER, a first laboratory scale Carnot Batterie prototype has been developed and built. This so-called CHESTER-system expands the functionality of a Carnot Batterie by coupling it with a renewable district heating supply and a seasonal thermal energy storage. The CHESTER-system built at DLR Stuttgart is the first of its kind to use a Rankine-based heat pump cycle for the transformation of electricity into heat and an organic Rankine cycle for the re-transformation of heat into electricity, which are connected to each other as an exergetically optimized overall system via a cascade of high-temperature latent heat storage and 2-tank pressurized water storage. The technological design of the plant towards the combination with a seasonal heat storage is unique. It allows the plant to operate in a completely decoupled mode in terms of time and a partially decoupled mode in terms of energy. In sum, this results in a storage and energy management system that is able to absorb electricity and heat independently of each other in terms of time and quantity during charging, store both - heat even seasonally - convert both into each other as needed, and provide both again independently of each other in terms of time and quantity in a completely demand-oriented manner. This contribution will provide insight into the design process, the technical challenges faced in building the system, and will show for the first time the operational results obtained during experimental operation

Commissioning of high temperature thermal energy storage for high power levels

A high power and capacity PCM storage unit has been integrated into a heat- and power cogeneration plant in Saarland, Germany. This storage will act as an intermediate back-up to a heat recovery steam generator and gas turbine and is therefore situated in parallel to this unit, also between the feedwater pumps and the steam main. The steam required is superheated at 300°C and 26 bar, resulting in a maximum thermal power of 6 MW. The storage needs to provide a minimum capacity of 1.5 MWh. Operation of this storage unit will increase efficiency and decrease fossil fuel use by reducing the use of a conventional back-up boiler. The filling of the unit with ~32 t of storage material in conjunction with the commissioning of the storage unit is in process and initial data has been acquired. These data will be analyzed and presented. This is part of the project TESIN, funded by the German Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy

Design and build of a novel dual-tube PCM storage unit

To allow for a de-coupling of the charging and discharging parameters, a dual-tube PCM storage unit using extruded aluminium fins was designed and built. This concept allows on the one hand for completely different media and flow parameters to be used, it also allows for temporally independent charging and discharging, simplifying system integration and control. This is a benefit for industrial systems, in which differing systems can be coupled through a storage unit, allowing for serial or parallel charging and discharging, with differences in power or capacity balanced by the storage unit. A 160 kWh storage unit has been analysed, designed, built and will be experimentally tested by the conference

Drag-Based CME Modeling With Heliospheric Images Incorporating Frontal Deformation : ELEvoHI 2.0

The evolution and propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in interplanetary space is still not well understood. As a consequence, accurate arrival time and arrival speed forecasts are an unsolved problem in space weather research. In this study, we present the ELlipse Evolution model based on HI observations (ELEvoHI) and introduce a deformable front to this model. ELEvoHI relies on heliospheric imagers (HI) observations to obtain the kinematics of a CME. With the newly developed deformable front, the model is able to react to the ambient solar wind conditions during the entire propagation and along the whole front of the CME. To get an estimate of the ambient solar wind conditions, we make use of three different models: Heliospheric Upwind eXtrapolation model (HUX), Heliospheric Upwind eXtrapolation with time dependence model (HUXt), and EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA). We test the deformable front on a CME first observed in STEREO-A/HI on February 3, 2010 14:49 UT. For this case study, the deformable front provides better estimates of the arrival time and arrival speed than the original version of ELEvoHI using an elliptical front. The new implementation enables us to study the parameters influencing the propagation of the CME not only for the apex, but for the entire front. The evolution of the CME front, especially at the flanks, is highly dependent on the ambient solar wind model used. An additional advantage of the new implementation is given by the possibility to provide estimates of the CME mass.Peer reviewe

Prediction of the in situ coronal mass ejection rate for solar cycle 25: Implications for Parker Solar Probe in situ observations

The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Solar Orbiter missions are designed to make groundbreaking observations of the Sun and interplanetary space within this decade. We show that a particularly interesting in situ observation of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) by PSP may arise during close solar flybys ($< 0.1$~AU). During these times, the same magnetic flux rope inside an ICME could be observed in situ by PSP twice, by impacting its frontal part as well as its leg. Investigating the odds of this situation, we forecast the ICME rate in solar cycle 25 based on 2 models for the sunspot number (SSN): (1) the forecast of an expert panel in 2019 (maximum SSN = 115), and (2) a prediction by McIntosh et al. (2020, maximum SSN = 232). We link the SSN to the observed ICME rates in solar cycles 23 and 24 with the Richardson and Cane list and our own ICME catalog, and calculate that between 1 and 7 ICMEs will be observed by PSP at heliocentric distances $< 0.1$ AU until 2025, including 1$\sigma$ uncertainties. We then model the potential flux rope signatures of such a double-crossing event with the semi-empirical 3DCORE flux rope model, showing a telltale elevation of the radial magnetic field component $B_R$, and a sign reversal in the component $B_N$ normal to the solar equator compared to field rotation in the first encounter. This holds considerable promise to determine the structure of CMEs close to their origin in the solar corona.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal on 2020 September 1