IONTOPHORETIC DRUG DELIVERY: A NOVEL APPROACH THROUGH TRANSDERMAL ROUTE

ABSTRACT The goal of delivery system is to get optimal therapeutic management. But, it still remains a challenge in the field of pharmaceuticals for delivery of ionic species and some non ionic. Several transdermal approaches have been used and recently the Iontophoretic technique has been widely used. This technique of facilitated movement of ion across a membrane under the influence of an externally applied potential difference is one of the most promising physical penetrations enhancing method. The rationale behind using this technique is the capability of this method to increase the systemic delivery of high molecular weight compounds with controlled input kinetics. Also improved systemic bioavailability, ensuring from bypassing the first pass metabolism. This article presents a review of literature relating to iontophoresis. This review briefly describes the history of iontophoresis and discussion of factors which affect Iontophoretic drug delivery. Present review also provides its applications for various clinical conditions

Synthesis, characterisation and X-ray diffraction studies of 8-(4-phenyl-2-azothiazolyl)-7 -hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin

1203-1206New 8-(4-phenyl-2-azothiazolyl)-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (HL) has been synthesized by the diazotisation of 4-phenyl-2-aminothiazole and its consequent coupling with 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin. HL has been characterised by elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectral data. X-ray diffraction study has been carried out and examined for its structural properties. The structure of HL has emerged as tetragonal non-primitive system. The compound is also found to be active against some bacterial and fungal species

Synthesis, characterization and biological studies of some bivalent metal complexes of schiff bases derived from aminothiazole and substituted azosalicylaldehyde

1326-1329Metal complexes of the type MLX {M=Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II)) have been synthesised using 5- phenylazosalicylidene-4-phenyl-2-aminothiazole (PASPAT), 5-(p-chlorophenyl)-4-phenyl-2-aminothiazole (PCPASPAT) and 5-(p-tolulyl)-azo salicylidene-4-phenyl-2-aminothiazole (PTASPAT). The resulting complexes have been characterized on the basis of their elemental analysis, infrared spectra, electronic spectra, magnetic susceptibilities and molar conductance measurements. The ligands act as monobasic tridentate ligands and the complexes appear to be four co-ordinate. The antibacterial activities of the ligands and their metal complexes have been screened against Escherichia coli, Bacillus substilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aerogens, Salmonella paratyphi B., Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris.</i

Synthesis and characterization of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II), cadmium(II) and mercury(II) complexes with 2-hydroxyimino-3-(2' -imino-4-phenylthiazolyl)-butane and 2-hydroxyimino-3-[2' -imino-4' (<i>p-</i>tolulylthiazolyl)]-butane

1145-1149The complexes of the composition [M(HL)2(H2O)2].Cl2 [HL = 2-hydroxyimino-3-(2'-imino-4-phenylthiazolyl)butane(HL1), 2-hydroxyimino-3-[2'-imino-4-(p-tolulylthiazolyl)]-butane(HL2)]; M=Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II)] have been synthesised and characterised by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductance, TGA, X-ray diffraction and spectral studies. HL1 and HL2 acts as neutral bidenate ligands and the complexes appear to be octahedral. Antibacterial activities of ligands and their metal complexes have been determined against Escherichiacoli, Bacillus substilis; Klebsiella pbeumoniae, Pseudomonas aerogens, Salmonalla paratyphi B, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus vulgaris.</i

Synthesis and X-ray diffraction studies of 4-[2'-hydroxy salicylidene-5' (2"-thiazolylazo)] methoxy benzene

817-820<span style="font-size: 15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">The new compounds having azo Schiff base characteristics have been synthesized by condensing 5-(2'-thiazolylazo) salicylaldehyde with para-substituted aniline and subjected for structural characterization. X-ray diffraction study has been carried out for 4-[2'-hydroxy salicylidene-5'-(2'-thiazolylazo)]methoxy benzene. The structure of compound is found to be <span style="font-size: 15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">tetragonal, belonging to non-primitive system. The strain broadening effects are also examined and discussed. </span