SÍNDROME DO OVARÍO POLICÍSTICO (SOP) E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM COMPLICAÇÕES NA GRAVIDEZ

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine condition affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by hormonal imbalances and ovarian dysfunction. In addition to being one of the leading causes of female infertility, PCOS is associated with a number of complications during pregnancy, including gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia and increased risks to the fetus.Objective: Investigate the association between polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and complications during pregnancy Methodology: The research was conducted through online access to the databases Documentation on Health Sciences in Latin America and the Caribbean (LILACS), Health Sciences Information Center in Latin America and the Caribbean (Bireme), Scientific Electronic Library Online ( SCIELO) and Virtual Health Library (VHL) during the month of April 2024. Results and Discussion:  Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is associated with a number of complications during pregnancy, including gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia and increased risks to the fetus. Additionally, women with PCOS have a higher incidence of miscarriage and obstetric complications. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and obesity, common in PCOS, are risk factors for the development of gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. Metformin treatment has been studied as a possible intervention to reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes in women with PCOS, but more research is needed to determine its effectiveness and safety during pregnancy. Final Considerations:  In conclusion, PCOS represents a significant challenge during pregnancy due to its impact on maternal and neonatal complications, including gestational diabetes, hypertension, and miscarriage. Effective management of these complications requires a multidisciplinary approach and preconception strategies to reduce the risks associated with the syndrome. More research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and develop appropriate therapeutic interventions to improve maternal-fetal outcomes in women with PCOS.A Síndrome do Ovário Policístico (SOP) é uma condição endócrina complexa que afeta mulheres em idade reprodutiva, caracterizada por desequilíbrios hormonais e disfunção ovariana. Além de ser uma das principais causas de infertilidade feminina, a SOP está associada a uma série de complicações durante a gravidez, incluindo diabetes gestacional, hipertensão induzida pela gestação, pré-eclâmpsia e riscos aumentados para o feto. Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre a síndrome do ovário policístico (SOP) e complicações durante a gravidez. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi conduzida por meio de acesso online às bases de dados Documentação em Ciências da Saúde da América Latina e do Caribe (LILACS), Centro de Informação em Ciências da Saúde da América Latina e do Caribe (Bireme), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) durante o mês de abril de 2024. Resultados e Discussão: A Síndrome do Ovário Policístico (SOP) está associada a uma série de complicações durante a gravidez, incluindo diabetes gestacional, hipertensão induzida pela gestação, pré-eclâmpsia e riscos aumentados para o feto. Além disso, mulheres com SOP têm maior incidência de aborto espontâneo e complicações obstétricas. A resistência insulínica, hiperinsulinemia e obesidade, comuns na SOP, são fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de diabetes gestacional e diabetes mellitus tipo 2 durante a gravidez. O tratamento com metformina tem sido estudado como uma possível intervenção para reduzir a incidência de diabetes gestacional em mulheres com SOP, mas ainda são necessárias mais pesquisas para determinar sua eficácia e segurança durante a gestação. Considerações Finais: Em conclusão, a SOP representa um desafio significativo durante a gravidez devido ao seu impacto nas complicações maternas e neonatais, incluindo diabetes gestacional, hipertensão e aborto espontâneo. A gestão eficaz dessas complicações requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar e estratégias de pré-concepção para reduzir os riscos associados à síndrome. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para entender completamente os mecanismos subjacentes e desenvolver intervenções terapêuticas adequadas para melhorar os resultados materno-fetais em mulheres com SOP

Pueblos y paisajes antiguos de la selva amazónica

Durante algo más de 50 años antropólogos, arqueólogos, linguistas y geógrafos se han ocupado seriamente del pasado de la Amazonia. Más recientemente otros académicos, entre ellos genetistas y ecólogos, se han fascinado por el mismo. Durante más de 10.000 años los nativos han participado e interpretado esta historia. una historia que unos y otros leen y descifran a partir de diversas claves, como lo pueden ser las formas del paisaje, algunos objetos antiguos y los testimonios y tradiciones orales que tienen a su alcance. Los resultados son múltiples. Estos revelan tanto desacuerdos entre los especialistas como mundos insospechados. Se hacen evidentes caminos que se cruzan y se mezclan; en una dirección convergen y en otra divergen. El lector encontrará en este volumen una fracción de este universo, la misma va acompañada de una invitación a participar en un diálogo amplio que contribuya a enriquecer nuestra visión de un mundo por explorar

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora