Peritonitis in Latin America

Peritoneal dialysis has a high acceptance rate in Latin America, thus the knowledge concerning complication patterns is of great relevance. This work reviews Latin American data on peritonitis, the most serious complication of peritoneal dialysis.The incidence of peritonitis has been reduced over time, concomitantly with the incorporation of safer exchange systems and the use of prophylactic measurements. Today, rates tower than 1 episode per 24 patient-months are commonly reported. Furthermore, changes in causative organisms have been observed, with predominance of Staphylococcus aureus up through the mid-1990s, as welt as increases in coagulase-negative staphylococcus and participation of gram negatives. However, the prevalence of S. aureus is still high, due possibly to climatic conditions and the elevated prevalence of carriers. Resolution rate varies from 55% to 78%, transfer to hemodialysis from 10.9% to 15.4%, and death in 3% to 9.9% of cases. Outcome is worse in S. aureus episodes compared to those with coagulase-negative staphylococcus, despite the higher percentage of oxacillin-resistant strains among the former. In general, despite socioeconomic or climatic conditions, our results are similar to those in developed countries, perhaps as a consequence of technological improvements and/or center expertise

A Differential Permeability 3D Formulation for Anisotropic Vector Hysteresis Analysis

International audienc

A Differential Permeability 3-D Formulation for Anisotropic Vector Hysteresis Analysis

International audienceIn the previous work, we introduced a formulation joining two concepts: 1) the source-field technique and 2) the differential permeability method. It was shown that the resulting procedure produces accurate results for non-linear cases and it was favorably compared with the more classical approach considering the actual permeability. Here, we extend this formulation for vector hysteresis cases that are modeled by the Jiles-Atherton approach. It considers the magnetic anisotropy of the ferromagnetic sheets