A Learning of New Zealand: a Step Toward Good Governance for Indonesia

A number of public finance management reforms over the last several decades have served to improve governance in Indonesia. In too many cases, however, reform measures have failed to realize their full potential. Certainly the need for fundamental change was widely accepted. Indonesia has been examining major public finance reform initiatives in a number of jurisdictions that are relevant to Indonesia, with a view to fostering improvements in governance. Our examination of reforms in New Zealand encompassed an extensive review of the literatures. From the New Zealand\u27s experience, it will be an input for implementing good governance in Indonesia

Factors Influencing the Development of the Accounting Role in Society

The objective of the paper is to discuss factors influencing the development of the accounting role in society. The discussions focus on reasons why a study of the factors that influence the development of the accounting role is needed. The paper concludes that the factors influence the development of the accounting role led to ways of understanding individuals\u27 perceptions of the accounting role over time. Related to these factors, the development of the accounting role can be classified into three periods: 1930s, 1970s, and 1990s

Privatization Framework: Political Economy Perspective

Privatization has been recognized as a worldwide phenomenon. In this pa-per, a political economy approach is developed to analyze privatization. The ap-proach assumes that political economy and privatization overlap in people’s need. So, the framework of political economy in privatization is based on the ‘need’ phi-losophy. Government and private sectors are contrasted in this respect, leading to a conclusion on privatization as a method to manage the economy

Analyse Eines Mehrbenutzer-Mehrfachzugriffskanals Mit Mimo

The increasing number of connected users as well as the availability of new services and mobile applications drive the need for higher data rates. In order to fulfill such expectations different strategies such as spatial multiplexing have been introduced. This thesis is centered on the Multi-User Uplink Channel where different users transmit to a single base station with multiple antennas. The purpose of this thesis is to design the transmitter and the receiver architectures so that the maximum sum rate of a Multi-User Uplink Channel reaches the capacity for single and multi-antenna users. In the literature there is a lack of practical implementations and not many studies exploit the multi-antenna user scenario. It is important to properly characterize the capacity region and define practical implementation schemes on the uplink direction to design the architecture for the Multi-User Downlink Channel also referred as the Broadcast Channel, which is a more complex problem based on the uplink solution. The design of the optimal transmitter is motivated by the analysis of capacity first for the single user scenario with Multi Input Multi Output Peer-to-Peer (MIMO P2P) communica- tions followed by the Multi-User scenario for single and multi-antenna users. At the receiver three types of beamformers are analyzed and compared: Zero Forcing, QR and Minimum Mean Squared Error beamformer. Results for the Bit Error Rate performance and maximum sum rate for the different receivers are provided. The thesis results show that the optimal architecture for the Multi-User Uplink with multi- antenna users that achieves capacity is the combination of the optimal MIMO P2P design, based on the Singular Value Decomposition of the channel matrix and the Water Filling power allocation. For the receiver part the Minimum Mean Squared Error beamformer is proven to achieve capacity. Channel State Information is needed at the transmitter and receiver, therefore a channel estimation algorithm is provided based on orthogonal sequences and is proven to deliver good Bit Error Rate results

Changing Notation Infix Benefit From Becoming Postfix Stack

Stack is used regularly to indicate a data collection process, where the process wasgoing according to the order. So something specific process should be postponed untilanother process is complete.This compilation engine will be easier to handle expressions in the form of a positivenotation

Constraining star cluster disruption mechanisms

Star clusters are found in all sorts of environments and their formation and evolution is inextricably linked to the star formation process. Their eventual destruction can result from a number of factors at different times, but the process can be investigated as a whole through the study of the cluster age distribution. Observations of populous cluster samples reveal a distribution following a power law of index approximately -1. In this work we use M33 as a test case to examine the age distribution of an archetypal cluster population and show that it is in fact the evolving shape of the mass detection limit that defines this trend. That is to say, any magnitude-limited sample will appear to follow a dN/dt=1/t, while cutting the sample according to mass gives rise to a composite structure, perhaps implying a dependence of the cluster disruption process on mass. In the context of this framework, we examine different models of cluster disruption from both theoretical and observational standpoints.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of IAU Symposium 266: "Star Clusters: Basic Galactic Building Blocks Throughout Time And Space", eds. R. de Grijs and J. Lepin

omega --> pi0 gamma* and phi --> pi0 gamma* Transition form factors in dispersion theory

We calculate the omega --> pi0 gamma* and phi --> pi0 gamma* electromagnetic transition form factors based on dispersion theory, relying solely on a previous dispersive analysis of the corresponding three-pion decays and the pion vector form factor. We compare our findings to recent measurements of the omega --> pi0 mu+ mu- decay spectrum by the NA60 collaboration, and strongly encourage experimental investigation of the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka-forbidden phi --> pi0 l+ l- decays in order to understand the strong deviations from vector-meson dominance found in these transition form factors.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures; references updated, version published in Phys. Rev.