4,592 research outputs found
Towards a Unified Quark-Hadron Matter Equation of State for Applications in Astrophysics and Heavy-Ion Collisions
We outline an approach to a unified equation of state for quark-hadron matter
on the basis of a derivable approach to the generalized Beth-Uhlenbeck
equation of state for a cluster decomposition of thermodynamic quantities like
the density. To this end we summarize the cluster virial expansion for nuclear
matter and demonstrate the equivalence of the Green's function approach and the
derivable formulation. For an example, the formation and dissociation of
deuterons in nuclear matter is discussed. We formulate the cluster
derivable approach to quark-hadron matter which allows to take into
account the specifics of chiral symmetry restoration and deconfinement in
triggering the Mott-dissociation of hadrons. This approach unifies the
description of a strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma with that of a
medium-modified hadron resonance gas description which are contained as
limiting cases. The developed formalism shall replace the common two-phase
approach to the description of the deconfinement and chiral phase transition
that requires a phase transition construction between separately developed
equations of state for hadronic and quark matter phases. Applications to the
phenomenology of heavy-ion collisions and astrophysics are outlined.Comment: 35 pages, 3 figures, Special Issue "Compact Stars in the QCD Phase
Diagram
Parasites Recovered From Overwintering Mimosa Webworm, \u3ci\u3eHomadaula Anisocentra\u3c/i\u3e (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)
The mimosa webworm, Homadaula anisocentra, overwinters in the pupal stage. Two parasites, Parania geniculata and Elasmus albizziae, are associated with overwintering pupae or the immediate prepupal larvae. Combined parasitism during the winters of 1981-82,1982-83, and 1983-84 was 2.1,3.9, and 2.9%, respectively
Enhanced quantized current driven by surface acoustic waves
We present the experimental realization of different approaches to increase
the amount of quantized current which is driven by surface acoustic waves
through split gate structures in a two dimensional electron gas. Samples with
driving frequencies of up to 4.7 GHz have been fabricated without a
deterioration of the precision of the current steps, and a parallelization of
two channels with correspondingly doubled current values have been achieved. We
discuss theoretical and technological limitations of these approaches for
metrological applications as well as for quantum logics.Comment: 3pages, 4eps-figure
The Membrane-Bound Aspartyl Protease BACE1: Molecular and Functional Properties in Alzheimer’s Disease and Beyond
The β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a transmembrane aspartyl protease involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis and in myelination. BACE1 initiates the generation of the pathogenic amyloid β-peptide, which makes BACE1 a major drug target for AD. BACE1 also cleaves and activates neuregulin 1, thereby contributing to postnatal myelination, in particular in the peripheral nervous system. Additional proteins are also cleaved by BACE1, but less is known about the physiological consequences of their cleavage. Recently, new phenotypes were described in BACE1-deficient mice. Although it remains unclear through which BACE1 substrates they are mediated, the phenotypes suggest a versatile role of this protease for diverse physiological processes. This review summarizes the enzymatic and cellular properties of BACE1 as well as its regulation by lipids, by transcriptional, and by translational mechanisms. The main focus will be on the recent progress in understanding BACE1 function and its implication for potential mechanism-based side effects upon therapeutic inhibition
Model Reduction for Multiscale Lithium-Ion Battery Simulation
In this contribution we are concerned with efficient model reduction for
multiscale problems arising in lithium-ion battery modeling with spatially
resolved porous electrodes. We present new results on the application of the
reduced basis method to the resulting instationary 3D battery model that
involves strong non-linearities due to Buttler-Volmer kinetics. Empirical
operator interpolation is used to efficiently deal with this issue.
Furthermore, we present the localized reduced basis multiscale method for
parabolic problems applied to a thermal model of batteries with resolved porous
electrodes. Numerical experiments are given that demonstrate the reduction
capabilities of the presented approaches for these real world applications
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