Sistemas de sustratos artificiales para favorecer la puesta de pulpo común (Octopus vulgaris), en la costa de Gandía

The coast of Gandia is characterized by the scarcity of stone bottoms, predominating the sandy ones. From February to July, the females of Octopus vulgaris, approach the coast to make their laying. The characteristics of this coastal area, entails the absence of shelter for these cephalopods. For this reason, they have the necessity of sheltering in any cavity that they find, mainly in the cadufos of the local fishermen. This has caused the decrease of the number of octopuses that arrive to the coasts of Gandia, forcing the fishermen to move sea to inside to continue with this traditional fishing. In this research, the development of a plan to restore the population of the common octopus is proposed. The project will be carried out through the adaptation of areas for spawning, monitoring and subsequent data collection and analysis. All this process will have as objective the study of the current problematic to get to propose a viable solution.La costa de Gandia se caracteriza por la escasez de fondos de piedra, predominando los arenosos. Desde febrero a julio, las hembras de Octopus vulgaris, se acercan a la costa para realizar su puesta. Las características de esta zona litoral, conlleva la ausencia de refugio para estos cefalópodos. Por ello tienen la necesidad de resguardarse en cualquier cavidad que encuentran, principalmente en los cadufos de los pescadores locales. Esto ha causado el descenso de la cantidad de pulpos que llegan a las costas de Gandia, obligando a los pescadores a desplazarse mar a dentro para seguir con esta pesca tradicional. En este estudio se plantea el desarrollo de un Plan de restauración de la población del pulpo común. El proyecto se realizará mediante la adecuación de zonas para el desove, la vigilancia y la posterior recogida de datos y análisis de los mismos. Todo este proceso tendrá como objetivo el estudio de la problemática actual para conseguir plantear una solución viable.Basterrechea Chertudi, DA. (2017). Sistemas de sustratos artificiales para favorecer la puesta de pulpo común (Octopus vulgaris), en la costa de Gandía. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/89163TFG

Monitoreo de peces en tanques de piscifactoría mediante el uso de diferentes sensores

La piscicultura es un método cada vez más utilizado para proporcionar alimento a la creciente demanda de la población. Pero la cría y alimentación de estos peces de piscifactoría supone un coste muy elevado. La materia de alimento proporcionado no es ingerida y se precipita al fondo de los tanques. Esto sucede debido a que no se sabe cuándo los peces necesitan alimentarse. El objetivo de este Trabajo Final de Máster es intentar monitorizar el movimiento de los peces en los tanques de piscifactoría, realizando diferentes pruebas con sensores físicos. Concretamente con sensores ópticos LDR. Con esto se quiere lograr relacionar el cambio de movimiento de los peces con la intensidad lumínica captada con el sensor. Esto a la vez, relacionarlo con signos de hambre, con el cual se reducirían los costes de alimentación en las piscifactorías. En este proyecto se han realizado 4 tomas de medidas, seccionadas en 4 fases. Inicialmente, se comparan dos sensores físicos de distintas características, en donde uno de ellos se descarta debido a que no ofrece un resultado satisfactorio. A continuación, se tomarán medidas con el sensor seleccionado, cogiendo medidas de los dos laterales de la pecera. Una vez, realizado estas tomas de medidas, se decide repetir el proceso pero escogiendo esta vez 3 medidas por cada punto para poder obtener datos más representativos. Finalmente, una vez comprobado que el sensor escogido es el idóneo, se decide realizar una última prueba con un pez de verdad, para recrear lo máximo posible las condiciones reales. Para ello, se introduce el pez en la pecera cada 2 segundos durante 30 segundos. Cuando el individuo pasa frente al sensor, este muestra valores entre el 14k¿ y el 15k¿ el cual afirma el óptimo funcionamiento del sensor seleccionado, habiendo obtenido los objetivos marcados inicialmente.Fish farming is a method increasingly used to provide food to the growing demand of the population. But the breeding and feeding of these farmed fish supposes a very high cost. The feed material provided is not ingested and is precipitated to the bottom of the tanks. This happens because you do not know when the fish need to feed. The objective of this Final Master's Project is to try to monitor the movement of the fish in the fish tanks, performing different tests with physical sensors. Specifically, with LDR optical sensors. With this we want to relate the change of movement of the fish with the light intensity captured with the sensor. This at the same time, relate it to signs of hunger, which would reduce the costs of feeding in the fish farms. In this project 4 measurements have been taken, divided into 4 phases. Initially, two physical sensors of different characteristics are compared, where one of them is discarded because it does not offer a satisfactory result. Then, measurements will be taken with the selected sensor, taking measures of the two sides of the fish tank. Once, these measurements were taken, it was decided to repeat the process but choosing this time 3 measurements for each point in order to obtain more representative data. Finally, once it has been verified that the chosen sensor is the ideal one, it is decided to carry out a last test with a real fish, in order to recreate the real conditions as much as possible. For this, the fish is introduced into the tank every 2 seconds for 30 seconds. When the individual passes in front of the sensor, it shows values between 14k¿ and 15k¿ which affirms the optimal functioning of the selected sensor, having obtained the objectives initially markedBasterrechea Chertudi, DA. (2018). Monitoreo de peces en tanques de piscifactoría mediante el uso de diferentes sensores. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/116021TFG

Testing Existing Prototypes of Conductivity Sensors for Monitoring the Concentration of Organic Fertilizers in Fertigation Systems

[EN] Agricultural production has grown in recent years, increasing the use of Organic Fertilizers (OF). For that reason, the use of these compounds must be controlled in fertigation water. In this paper, we test three prototypes, using different combinations of coils, to determine the amount of OF in the water. A coil is powered by a sine wave of 3.3 peak-to-peak Volts for inducing another coil. The objective of this system is to detect different kinds of problems that can cause incorrect fertilization, which affects the sustainability of agriculture. We present the tests to verify the proper functioning of the prototypes. We test our prototypes by means of different dilutions of OF. The used concentrations of OF are between 0 and 20 g/l. We measure the conductivity for each concentration and the output voltage of our prototypes. The results show that prototype 3 is the one that has the best performance, obtaining 1.47 V of difference between the maximum and minimum output voltage and a good correlation coefficient. Finally, a verification test is carried out; the average error in the different samples tested is 0.2212%.This work has been partially supported by the European Union through the ERANETMED (Euromediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond) project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR, by ¿Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte¿, through the ¿Ayudas para contratacion pre-doctoral de Formación del Profesorado Universitario FPU (Convocatoria 2016)¿. Grant number FPU16/05540, and by Conselleria de Educación, Cultura y Deporte with the Subvenciones para la contratación de personal investigador en fase postdoctoral, grant number APOSTD/2019/04.Basterrechea-Chertudi, DA.; Rocher-Morant, J.; Parra-Boronat, L.; Lloret, J. (2020). Testing Existing Prototypes of Conductivity Sensors for Monitoring the Concentration of Organic Fertilizers in Fertigation Systems. IARIA XPS Press. 50-55. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/178037S505

Development of Inductive Sensor for Control Gate Opening of an Agricultural Irrigation System

© 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.[EN] The monitoring of water level in the agriculture irrigation channels is essential to control the opening gates of these channels. In this way, WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) have high relevance to obtain this kind of data. In this paper, we propose a sensor to measure the depth changes in irrigation channels to control the gates opening. It is connected to an Adafruit Feather HUZZAH based on ESP8266, which allows us to build a mobile edge computing system. The developed sensor is based on two coils. Sinus-wave powers the first one, and the second is induced. The coils are winding over a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) that has high resistance for corrosion and low price. Besides, we use copper wire as a conductive metal. We test two different configurations of coils. P1 has five spires for the powered coil (PC) and ten spires for the induced coil (IC). On the other hand, P2 has 40 spires for the PC and 80 spires for the IC. The two prototypes were coiled in one layer. Then, both sensors are tested using a glass bottle where the water column increased with the target to obtain the information of the depth. In both prototypes, the difference of voltage between the maximum and minimum studied depths is more or less the same, 4.46V for P1 and 4.44V for P2. Nevertheless, during the stabilization test, the P1 showed better adaptation for the turbulences than the P2. The P1 shows an oscillation of 0.48V, where the P2 has a maximum fluctuation of 3.2V.This work has been partially supported by European Union through the ERANETMED (Euromediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond) project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR by the Conselleria de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte with the Subvenciones para la contratacion de personal investigador en fase postdoctoral, grant number APOSTD/2019/04, and through the "Ayudas para contratacion predoctoral de Formacion del Profesorado Universitario FPU (Convocatoria 2016)". Grant number FPU16/05540.Basterrechea-Chertudi, DA.; Rocher-Morant, J.; Parra-Boronat, L.; Lloret, J. (2020). Development of Inductive Sensor for Control Gate Opening of an Agricultural Irrigation System. IEEE. 250-255. https://doi.org/10.1109/FMEC49853.2020.9144810S25025

Low-Cost System Based on Optical Sensor to Monitor Discharge of Industrial Oil in Irrigation Ditches

[EN] Uncontrolled dumping linked to agricultural vehicles causes an increase in the incorporation of oils into the irrigation system. In this paper, we propose a system based on an optical sensor to monitor oil concentration in the irrigation ditches. Our prototype is based on the absorption and dispersion of light. As a light source, we use Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) with different colours (white, yellow, blue, green, and red) and a photodetector as a sensing element. To test the sensor's performance, we incorporate industrial oils used by a diesel or gasoline engine, with a concentration from 0 to 0.20 mL(oil)/cm(2). The experiment was carried out at different water column heights, 0 to 20 cm. According to our results, the sensor can differentiate between the presence or absence of diesel engine oil with any LED. For gasoline engine oil, the sensor quantifies its concentration using the red light source; concentrations greater than 0.1 mL(oil)/cm(2) cannot be distinguished. The data gathered using the red LED has an average absolute error of 0.003 mL(oil)/cm(2) (relative error of 15.8%) for the worst case, 15 cm. Finally, the blue LED generates different signals in the photodetector according to the type of oil. We developed an algorithm that combines (i) the white LED, to monitor the presence of oil; (ii) the blue LED, to identify if the oil comes from a gasoline or diesel engine; and (iii) the red LED, to monitor the concentration of oil used by a gasoline engine.This work is partially funded by the "Ayudas para contratacion pre-doctoral de Formacion del Profesorado Universitario FPU (Convocatoria 2016)" grant number FPU16/05540. Conselleria de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte with the Subvenciones para la contratacion de personal investigador en fase postdoctoral, grant number APOSTD/2019/04, by the European Union, through the ERANETMED (Euromediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond) project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR.Basterrechea-Chertudi, DA.; Rocher-Morant, J.; Parra-Boronat, L.; Lloret, J. (2021). Low-Cost System Based on Optical Sensor to Monitor Discharge of Industrial Oil in Irrigation Ditches. Sensors. 21(16):1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165449S121211

Development of a Low-Cost Optical Sensor to Detect Eutrophication in Irrigation Reservoirs

[EN] In irrigation ponds, the excess of nutrients can cause eutrophication, a massive growth of microscopic algae. It might cause different problems in the irrigation infrastructure and should be monitored. In this paper, we present a low-cost sensor based on optical absorption in order to determine the concentration of algae in irrigation ponds. The sensor is composed of 5 LEDs with different wavelengths and light-dependent resistances as photoreceptors. Data are gathered for the calibration of the prototype, including two turbidity sources, sediment and algae, including pure samples and mixed samples. Samples were measured at a different concentration from 15 mg/L to 4000 mg/L. Multiple regression models and artificial neural networks, with a training and validation phase, are compared as two alternative methods to classify the tested samples. Our results indicate that using multiple regression models, it is possible to estimate the concentration of alga with an average absolute error of 32.0 mg/L and an average relative error of 11.0%. On the other hand, it is possible to classify up to 100% of the samples in the validation phase with the artificial neural network. Thus, a novel prototype capable of distinguishing turbidity sources and two classification methodologies, which can be adapted to different node features, are proposed for the operation of the developed prototype.This work is partially funded by the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte through the"Ayudas para contratacion pre-doctoral de Formacion del Profesorado Universitario FPU (Convocatoria 2016)" grant number FPU16/05540 and by the Conselleria de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte through the "Subvenciones para la contratacion de personal investigador en fase postdoctoral", grant number APOSTD/2019/04.Rocher-Morant, J.; Parra-Boronat, L.; Jimenez, JM.; Lloret, J.; Basterrechea-Chertudi, DA. (2021). Development of a Low-Cost Optical Sensor to Detect Eutrophication in Irrigation Reservoirs. Sensors. 21(22):1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21227637S120212

New Sensor Based on Magnetic Fields for Monitoring the Concentration of Organic Fertilisers in Fertigation Systems

[EN] In this paper, we test three prototypes with different characteristics for controlling the quantity of organic fertiliser in the agricultural irrigation system. We use 0.4 mm of copper diameter, distributing in different layers, maintaining the relation of 40 spires for powered coil and 80 for the induced coil. Moreover, we develop sensors with 8, 4, and 2 layers of copper. The coils are powered by a sine wave of 3.3 V peak to peak, and the other part is induced. To verify the functioning of this sensor, we perform several simulations with COMSOL Multiphysics to verify the magnetic field created around the powered coil, as well as the electric field, followed by a series of tests, using six samples between the 0 g/L and 20 g/L of organic fertiliser, and measure their conductivity. First, we find the working frequency doing a sweep for each prototype and four configurations. In this case, for all samples, making a sweep between 10 kHz and 300 kHz. We obtained that in prototype 1 (P1) (coil with 8 layers) the working frequency is around 100 kHz, in P2 (coil with 4 layers) around 110 kHz, and for P3 (coil with 2 layers) around 140 kHz. Then, we calibrate the prototypes measuring the six samples at four different configurations for each sensor to evaluate the possible variances. Likewise, the measures were taken in triplicate to reduce the possible errors. The obtained results show that the maximum difference of induced voltage between the lowest and the highest concentration is for the P2/configuration 4 with 1.84 V. Likewise, we have obtained an optimum correlation of 0.997. Then, we use the other three samples to verify the optimum functioning of the obtained calibrates. Moreover, the ANOVA simple procedure is applied to the data of all prototypes, in the working frequency of each configuration, to verify the significant difference between the values. The obtained results indicate that there is a significate difference between the average of concentration (g/L) and the induced voltage, and another with a level of 5% of significance. Finally, we compare all of the tested prototypes and configurations, and have determined that prototype three with configuration 1 is the best device to be used as a fertiliser sensor in water.This work is partially funded by the Conselleria de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte with the Subvenciones para la contratacion de personal investigador en fase postdoctoral, grant number APOSTD/2019/04, by the European Union, through the ERANETMED (Euromediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond) project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR, and by the European Union with the "Fondo Europeo Agricola de Desarrollo Rural (FEADER)-Europa invierte en zonas rurales", the MAPAMA, and Comunidad de Madrid with the IMIDRA, under the mark of the PDR-CM 2014-2020" project number PDR18-XEROCESPED.Basterrechea-Chertudi, DA.; Parra-Boronat, L.; Botella-Campos, M.; Lloret, J.; Mauri, PV. (2020). New Sensor Based on Magnetic Fields for Monitoring the Concentration of Organic Fertilisers in Fertigation Systems. Applied Sciences. 10(20):1-28. https://doi.org/10.3390/app102072221281020World Agriculture 2030: Main Findingshttp://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2002/7833-en.htmlGamarra, C., Díaz Lezcano, M. I., Vera de Ortíz, M., Galeano, M. D. P., & Cabrera Cardús, A. J. N. (2018). Relación carbono-nitrógeno en suelos de sistemas silvopastoriles del Chaco paraguayo. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales, 9(46). doi:10.29298/rmcf.v9i46.134Too Much Organic Matterhttps://www.mofga.org/Publications/The-Maine-Organic-Farmer-Gardener/Fall-2009/Organic-MatterNasir Khan, M. (2018). OBSOLETE: Fertilizers and Their Contaminants in Soils, Surface and Groundwater. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.09888-2Gebbers, R., & Adamchuk, V. I. (2010). Precision Agriculture and Food Security. Science, 327(5967), 828-831. doi:10.1126/science.1183899Feng, C., Lü, S., Gao, C., Wang, X., Xu, X., Bai, X., … Wu, L. (2015). «Smart» Fertilizer with Temperature- and pH-Responsive Behavior via Surface-Initiated Polymerization for Controlled Release of Nutrients. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 3(12), 3157-3166. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b01384Ni, B., Liu, M., Lü, S., Xie, L., & Wang, Y. (2011). Environmentally Friendly Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59(18), 10169-10175. doi:10.1021/jf202131zSouza, C. F., Faez, R., Bacalhau, F. B., Bacarin, M. F., & Pereira, T. S. (2017). IN SITU MONITORING OF A CONTROLLED RELEASE OF FERTILIZERS IN LETTUCE CROP. Engenharia Agrícola, 37(4), 656-664. doi:10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v37n4p656-664/2017Merten, G. H., Capel, P. D., & Minella, J. P. G. (2013). Effects of suspended sediment concentration and grain size on three optical turbidity sensors. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 14(7), 1235-1241. doi:10.1007/s11368-013-0813-0Comsol Multiphysicshttps://www.comsol.com/Kleinberg, R. L., Chew, W. C., & Griffin, D. D. (1989). Noncontacting electrical conductivity sensor for remote, hostile environments. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 38(1), 22-26. doi:10.1109/19.19992Parra, L., Marín, J., Mauri, P. V., Lloret, J., Torices, V., & Massager, A. (2019). Scatternet Formation Protocol for Environmental Monitoring in a Smart Garden. Network Protocols and Algorithms, 10(3), 63. doi:10.5296/npa.v10i3.14122Wood, L. T., Rottmann, R. M., & Barrera, R. (2004). Faraday’s law, Lenz’s law, and conservation of energy. American Journal of Physics, 72(3), 376-380. doi:10.1119/1.1646131Parra, L., Sendra, S., Lloret, J., & Bosch, I. (2015). Development of a Conductivity Sensor for Monitoring Groundwater Resources to Optimize Water Management in Smart City Environments. Sensors, 15(9), 20990-21015. doi:10.3390/s150920990Karagianni, E. A. (2015). ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES UNDER SEA: BOW-TIE ANTENNAS DESIGN FOR WI-FI UNDERWATER COMMUNICATIONS. Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, 41, 189-198. doi:10.2528/pierm15012106https://www.tek.com/signal-generator/afg1022https://www.tek.com/oscilloscope/tbs1104http://www.crisoninstruments.com/es/laboratorio/conductimetro/desobremesa/ec-metro-basic-30https://www.leroymerlin.es/fp/19468554/fertilizante-para-citricos-geolia-uso-ecologico-1lhttps://statgraphics.net/descargas-centurion-xvii/Matsoukis, A., Kamoutsis, A., & Chronopoulou-Sereli, A. (2018). A Note on the Flowering of Ajuga orientalis L. in Relation to Air Temperature in Mount Aenos (Cephalonia, Greece). Current Agriculture Research Journal, 6(3), 261-267. doi:10.12944/carj.6.3.0

Ceratophyllum demersum L. as Phytoindicator and Potential Phytoremediator of Lead Under Hydroponic Conditions

[EN] The contamination of water by heavy metals like Pb is a huge problem for the environment. In this paper, we test Ceratophyllum demersum L. plants as phytoindicator. These were exposed to different concentrations of Pb for 1¿21 days, under hydroponic conditions, where they exhibited both adsorption and absorption efficiency. These efficiencies influenced in concentration and duration in a dependent manner. For the three initial treatments 0.125, 0.250, 0.500 ¿g/ml, the values of regression coefficients described the occurred variance on the rapid decrease in the Pb concentration in the hydroponic media, reflecting highest removal efficiency by C. demersum. Significant variation (P< 0.05) was recorded between the concentration of Pb accumulated in C. demersum at 0.125 and 0.250 ¿g/ml, while a highly significant value (P< 0.01) was recorded between them at 0.500 ¿g/ml. The regression coefficient denotes the pronounced impact of treatment concentration on the accumulation rate (R^2 = 0.9987). The adsorption efficiency of C. demersum appeared to be influenced by the Pb hydroponic media concentration, where after 21 days, the higher Pb adsorption was recorded at 0.125 ¿g/ml and the lowest one was obtained at 0.500 ¿g/ml. Results suggest that plants responded positively to the increase of Pb concentrations and they accumulated a high amount of metal. Due to metal removal coupled with detoxification potential, the plant appears to have potential for its use as phytoremediator species in aquatic environments.This work has been partially supported by the European Union through the ERANETMED (Euromediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond) project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR by the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, through the Ayudas para contratacion predoctoral de Formación del Profesorado Universitario FPU (Convocatoria 2016). Grant number FPU16/05540.Fawzy, M.; El-Khatib, A.; Badr, N.; Abo-El-Kasem, A.; Rocher-Morant, J.; Basterrechea-Chertudi, DA. (2019). Ceratophyllum demersum L. as Phytoindicator and Potential Phytoremediator of Lead Under Hydroponic Conditions. IARIA XPS Press. 20-26. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/180618S202

Design and Calibration of Moisture Sensor Based on Electromagnetic Field Measurement for Irrigation Monitoring

[EN] Soil moisture control is crucial to assess irrigation efficiency in green areas and agriculture. In this paper, we propose the design and calibration of a sensor based on inductive coils and electromagnetic fields. The proposed prototypes should meet a series of requirements such as low power consumption, low relative error, and a high voltage difference between the minimum and maximum moisture. We tested different prototypes based on two copper coils divided into two different sets (P1-P15 and NP1-NP4). The prototypes have different characteristics: variations in the number and distribution of spires, existence or absence of casing, and copper wires with a diameter of 0.4 or 0.6 mm. In the first set of experiments carried out in commercial soil, the results showed that the best prototypes were P5, P8, and P9. These prototypes were used in different types of soils, and P8 was selected for the subsequent tests. We carried the second set of experiments using soil from an agricultural field. Based on the data gathered, mathematical models for the calibration of prototypes were obtained and verified. In some cases, two equations were used for different moisture intervals in a single prototype. According to the verification results, NP2 is the best prototype for monitoring the moisture in agricultural lands. It presented a difference in induced voltage of 1.8 V, at 500 kHz, between wet and dry soil with a maximum voltage of 5.12 V. The verification of the calibration determined that the calibration using two mathematical models offers better results, with an average absolute error of 2.1% of moisture.This work is funded by the European Union under ERANETMED (Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond), project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR and the European Union, MAPA and Comunidad de Madrid (through IMIDRA), under the project PDR18-XEROCESPED of the PDR-CM 2014-2020 (operative programme of the European Agriculture Fund for Rural Development, EAFRD). L.P. is funded by Conselleria de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte, programme Subvenciones para la contratacion de personal investigador en fase postdoctoral, grant APOSTD/2019/04; J.R. by the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte, through the "Ayudas para contratacion pre-doctoral de Formacion del Profesorado Universitario FPU (Convocatoria 2016)" grant number FPU16/05540; and M.P. by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia through the pre-doctoral PAID-01-20 programme.Basterrechea-Chertudi, DA.; Rocher-Morant, J.; Parra-Boronat, M.; Parra-Boronat, L.; Marín, JF.; Mauri, PV.; Lloret, J. (2021). Design and Calibration of Moisture Sensor Based on Electromagnetic Field Measurement for Irrigation Monitoring. Chemosensors. 9(9):1-32. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9090251S1329

Quantifying the Production of Fruit-Bearing Trees Using Image Processing Techniques

[EN] In recent years, the growth rate of world agricultural production and crop yields have decreased. Crop irrigation becomes essential in very dry areas and where rainfall is scarce, as in Egypt. Persimmon needs low humidity to obtain an optimal crop. This article proposes the monitoring of its performance, in order to regulate the amount of water needed for each tree at any time. In our work we present a technique that consists of obtaining images of some of the trees with fruit, which are subsequently treated, to obtain reliable harvest data. This technique allows us to have control and predictions of the harvest. Also, we present the results obtained in a first trial, through which we demonstrate the feasibility of using the system to meet the objectives set. We use 5 different trees in our experiment. Their fruit production is different (between 20 and 47kg of fruit). The correlation coefficient of the obtained regression model is 0.97.This work has been partially supported by European Union through the ERANETMED (Euromediterranean Cooperation through ERANET joint activities and beyond) project ERANETMED3-227 SMARTWATIR by the Conselleria de Educación, Cultura y Deporte with the Subvenciones para la contratación de personal investigador en fase postdoctoral, grant number APOSTD/2019/04, and by the Cooperativa Agrícola Sant Bernat Coop.V.García, L.; Parra-Boronat, L.; Basterrechea-Chertudi, DA.; Jimenez, JM.; Rocher-Morant, J.; Parra-Boronat, M.; García-Navas, JL.... (2019). Quantifying the Production of Fruit-Bearing Trees Using Image Processing Techniques. IARIA XPS Press. 14-19. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/180619S141