Survival of occlusal ART restorations in primary molars placed in school environment and hospital dental setup-one year follow-up study

Objective: The objectives of this clinical study were to: evaluate the survival of occlusal atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) restorations, on a longitudinal basis, in the primary molars of children; and compare the success rate of ART restorations placed in school environment and in hospital dental setup.Study design: One dentist placed 120 ART restorations in 60 five- to seven year-olds who had bilateral matched pairs of carious primary molars. A split-mouth design was used to place restorations in school and in hospital dental setup, which were assigned randomly to contralateral sides. Restorations were evaluated after 6 and 12 months using the ART criteria. Results: The survival rate of ART restorations placed in school environment was 82.2% at the 6-month assessment and 77.77% at the 12-month assessment. The success rates of ART restorations placed in hospital dental setup in the 2 assessments were 87.7% and 81.48%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the ART restorations placed in school environment and hospital dental setup in both assessments (P>O.05). The main cause of failure was the loss of restoration. Conclusions: The one year success rate of occlusal ART restorations in primary molars was moderately successful. The ART technique's done in hospital dental setup was not proven to be better than restorations placed in school environment. © Medicina Oral S. L

Dental caries experience, tooth surface distribution and associated factors in 6- and 13- year- old school children from Davangere, India

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate the caries experience and patterns in a sample of 6- and 13- year old school children and to estimate the contributing roles of the likely risk indicators. Study design: Data were obtained from 400 (196, 6-year old and 204, 13-year old) school children. A questionnaire was sent to the children parents to measure socioeconomic, socio-demographic, and behavioral variables. Dental caries detection was performed according to the World Health Organization criteria (dmft and DMFT). The mean dmft/DMFT scores were analysed either as a continuous (calculating means and standard deviations) or as a categorical variable (providing proportions). We also created a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: Overall caries prevalence was dmft > 0 = 26.75% (6-years old = 50.51%; 13-years old = 3.92%) and DMFT > 0 = 25.25% (6-years old = 12.75%; 13-years old = 37.25%). Multivariate analysis showed that presence of enamel defects, low socio-economic status, mothers' educational levels were significantly associated with caries prevalence in both the dentition, and caries in the primary teeth (OR = 4.87) were associated with DMFT > 0. Most commonly affected teeth were lower first molar in permanent dentition and lower second molars in primary dentition. In both the dentition occlusal surfaces were most often affected compared to other surfaces. Conclusions: This study has identified clinical, socio-economic, and behavioral determinants for dental caries in primary and permanent dentition on Indian schoolchildren

Teething disturbances : prevalence of objective manifestations in children under age 4 months to 36 months

Objective: The aim of this study was to present data as responded by parents on teething manifestation during eruption of primary teeth and the occurrence of objective manifestations in children ages 4 months to 36 months. Settings and Design: Hospital based face-to-face questionnaire study. Study Design: One thousand and one hundred children ages four to 36 months who had at least one erupting tooth were included in the study. Parents were asked to complete a short questionnaire and children were then checked by one of the authors. Statistical analysis used: Chi-square analysis was performed to analyze information obtained. Level of significance was set at P<.05. Results: There were 660 girls (60%) and 440 boys (40%) in the study. The most frequent clinical manifestations were: Fever (16%), drooling (12%), diarrhea (8%), fever-drooling (15%), fever-diarrhea(8%) and drooling-diarrhea (6%). In the study sample, boys demonstrated a higher prevalence of diarrhea than girls (P<.05). No statistical significance regarding other clinical manifestations and gender were observed. Teething manifestations were most prevalent during the eruption of primary incisors. Occurrence of clinical manifestations in 4-12months and 13-24 months age was statistically significant when compared with 25-36months age (P<0.05). Conclusions: An association has been shown between general objective manifestations like fever (the most prevalent), drooling and diarrhea, and the eruption of primary teeth. Most manifestations appeared during the eruption of the primary incisors

Torque expression in self-ligating orthodontic brackets and conventionally ligated brackets: a systematic review

To evaluate the torque expression of self ligating (SL) orthodontic brackets and conventionally ligated brackets and the torque expression in active and passive SL brackets. Our systematic search included MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Scopus, and key journals and review articles; the date of the last search was April 4th 2016. We graded the methodological quality of the studies by means of the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies, developed for the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP). In total, 87 studies were identified for screening, and 9 studies were eligible. The quality assessment rated one of the study as being of strong quality, 7 (77.78%) of these studies as being of moderate quality. Three out of 7 studies which compared SL and conventionally ligated brackets showed, conventionally ligated brackets with highest torque expression compared to SL brackets. Badawi showed active SL brackets with highest torque expression compared to passive SL brackets. Major and Brauchli showed no significant differences in torque expression of active and passive SL brackets. Conventionally ligated brackets presented with highest torque expression compared to SL brackets. Minor difference was recorded in a torque expression of active and passive SL brackets

Changes in Upper Airway Dimensions Following Orthodontic Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion with Twin Block Appliance: A Systematic Review

Objective:This systematic review intends to evaluate the dimensional changes in upper airway dimensions (UAD) of the respiratory tract subsequent to orthodontic treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion with Twin Block Appliance (TBA).Methods:The quality of reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses was decided by the PRISMA standards with PROSPERO registration number CRD42017060317. The systematic search included EMBASE, MEDLINE, Psych INFO, Scopus, CINAHL, and other reference journals and review articles. The article search was performed from March 2017 until November 2017. Cochrane's risk of bias in non-randomized studies – of interventions (ROBINS-I) was used to grade the methodological quality of the included studies.Results:The screening procedure identified 302 studies, among which seven studies satisfied the inclusion criteria for eligibility. The UAD at the pretreatment time varied from 7.2 mm to 41.9 mm with a mean of 14.16 mm. The post-treatment change in UAD ranged from 8.2 mm to 43.7 mm with a mean of 15.6 mm.Conclusion:There was a significant increase in UAD following the TBA treatment in the patient group as compared to the control group

The Factors Affecting Long-Term Stability in Anterior Open-Bite Correction - A Systematic Review

Objective:The present systemic review was conducted with the main purpose to evaluate the quantitative effects of orthognathic surgeries, extraction versus non-extraction treatment, and the type of malocclusion in the stability of anterior open-bite (AOB) correction over the long-term.Methods:The systematic search for studies was conducted through MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, PsychINFO, various key journals, and review articles; November 30, 2016, was the last date for the search. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies was used to grade the methodological quality of the studies.Results:The present review included 14 studies. Stability of the corrected AOB ranged from 61.9% to 100%. The studies with orthognathic surgeries showed a stability of 70–100%. The studies without orthognathic surgeries showed the stability of 61.9–96.7%. All of the studies were retrospective. The mean change in AOB before (T1) and after treatment (T2-T1) was 0.1 mm to 6.93 mm and the mean change in overbite from T2 to T3 (T3-T2) was −0.06 mm to 2.5 mm.Conclusion:Studies with orthognathic surgeries presented with high amount of long-term stability in corrected AOB. No significant difference was noticed in relation to the type of malocclusion and extraction or non-extraction cases

Gingival Biotype and Its Relation with Malocclusion

Objective:To systematically review the relationship between gingival biotype (GT) and malocclusion.Methods:The review followed PRISMA standards of quality for systematic reviews and meta-analyses reporting with PROSPERO registration number CRD42020126543. The systematic database search included MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and other key journals; the article search was performed until February 2020. Cochrane’s risk of bias in non-randomized studies-of interventions (ROBINS-I) was used to grade the methodological quality of the included studies.Results:The systematic search identified 105 studies, six studies satisfied the inclusion criteria for eligibility. The study participants ranged from 26 to 200 (total n=812), with a mean of 135. Study participants were aged between 14 and 32 years. Five studies were graded as the moderate risk of bias and one study as low risk of bias. Two studies showed thin GT among individuals with severe crowding compared to mild crowding. Three studies showed a thin GT with a narrow zone of the keratinized gingival width compared to a thick GT. No relationship was found between GT and Angle’s classification of malocclusion.Conclusion:No relationship was observed between Angle’s classification of malocclusion and GT. Thin GT was prevalent among individuals with pro-inclination of incisors. Keratinized gingival width was narrow among individuals with thin GT

Efficacy of platelet concentrates in pulpotomy – a systematic review

The main purpose of the present systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of platelet concentrates in pulpotomy of human teeth. Our systematic search included Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, key journals, and review articles; the date of the last search was July 30, 2017. We graded the methodological quality of the studies by Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Four randomized controlled trails were included in the present systematic review. The number of study participants ranged from 28 to 50, with a mean of 45.5. The age of study participants ranged between 4 and 25 years. In three of the included studies, platelet-rich fibrin (autologous) was used and in one study lyophilized freeze-dried platelet (allogenic) was used as pulpotomy material. Calcium hydroxide and mineral trioxide aggregate were used in control groups. The quality assessment rated three studies as being of fair quality and one study as poor quality. Two of the included studies showed a 100% success of pulpotomy with platelet concentrates and two studies showed more than 80% of success, but the difference between control group and platelet concentrates group was not statistically significant. To conclude, the number of publications that met all inclusion criteria was found to be very limited and no significant difference was reported in the studies comparing platelet concentrates with other materials in pulpotomy. The present results point to the need for high-quality randomized controlled trials in further research

Covid-19 vaccine, acceptance, and concern of safety from public perspective in the state of Odisha, India

Introduction: No medication or therapies were found to be effective in controlling the covid-19 pandemic. The fast-track development of covid-19 vaccine brought some hope among health practitioners globally. The major challenge seems to be safety, efficacy, and acceptance of the vaccine. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the community of the state of Odisha, India, to find out the concerns of safety and acceptance for the vaccine. Methods: A self-administered multiple-choice questionnaire containing 23 items with three sections was prepared in Google form and deployed following snow ball sampling method. The participants recruited were above 18 years of age residing in Odisha. The participation in the survey was completely voluntary. The survey was conducted during February 2021. Results and discussion: In total, 359 members participated in the survey. Majority of the respondent strongly agree/agree that covid-19 vaccine is safe for adults and children. Significant variation among all the groups was found regarding acquisition of higher immunity following infection rather by vaccination, effectiveness in infection prevention, safety in children, provision of mandatory vaccination by government, and public health protection following government guidelines. Conclusion: The major barrier to the covid-19 vaccination was found to be safety and awareness. But there is well acceptance to covid-19 vaccine among the community of Odisha, India, and further efforts to create awareness concerning safety and vaccination will be instrumental in the eradication of this infection

Influence of Cavity Size on the Survival of Single Surface Atraumatic Restorative Treatment Using Glass Ionomer Cement with or without Chlorhexidine Diacetate—A Randomized Trial

The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of cavity size on the survival of conventional and CHX modified GIC in single surface primary molars receiving Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART). A randomized controlled trial with a split-mouth design was conducted on 90 children with symmetrical bilateral single surface carious lesions on primary molars. The teeth were randomly allotted to the conventional GIC group (group 1, n = 90) and CHX modified GIC group (group 2, n = 90). Both groups received atraumatic restorative treatment under rubber dam isolation. The cavity size was measured in terms of depth, mesiodistal, and buccolingual dimensions. The survival of ART restorations was measured after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The difference in proportion was tested using the Kruskal–Wallis H test, and survival curve estimation was carried out using the Kaplan–Meier method. The overall survival of all ART restorations was 83.3% at 24 months for the total sample. The survival of conventional GIC at 24 months was 83.9%, and for CHX-modified GIC was 82.7% (p &gt; 0.05). The collective overall success of 65.1% was seen in the cavity volume category of 10–29.9 mm3. CHX modified GIC showed high survival percentage (60%) with depth &gt;3 mm. To conclude, no significant difference was observed in the overall survival percentage of conventional and CHX modified GIC. Survival percentage was highest for cavities with a volume of 10–19.9 mm3