Effect of iodine-containing antiseptics on urine iodine levels of surgical staff after iodization

Background: The routine use of topical iodinated antiseptic could be a possible cause of iodine contamination. This study was aimed to determine urinary iodine status of operation-room staff who routinely use iodine-containing antiseptics for cleansing of the hands after salt iodization

Effect of blueberry pretreatment on diethylnitrosamine-induced oxidative stress and liver injury in rats

Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) treatment increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, necrosis and proliferation in the liver. Blueberries (BB; Vaccinium corymbosum L.) contain polyphenols and other active components and have high antioxidant capacities. We investigated the effect of BB pretreatment on DEN-induced liver injury and oxidative and nitrosative stress in male rats. Rats were fed with 5% and 10% BB containing diet for six weeks and DEN (200 mg/kg; i.p.) was applied two days before the end of this period. Liver function tests were determined in serum and histopathological evaluation was performed in the liver tissue. Apoptosis-related proteins, Bax and B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expressions were also examined. Oxidative and nitrosative stress were evaluated in the liver by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, diene conjugate, protein carbonyl and nitrotyrosine levels, and glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione transferase (GST) activities. Pretreatment with high dose of BB reduced apoptotic, necrotic and proliferative changes in the liver induced by DEN. Dietary BB also decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and nitrotyrosine levels together with increased GST activity. In conclusion, BB may have an inhibiting effect on acute liver injury by reducing apoptosis, necrosis, proliferation, oxidative and nitrosative stress in DEN-treated rats. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Dietary curcumin and capsaicin: Relationship with hepatic oxidative stress and apoptosis in rats fed a high fat diet

Abbasoglu, Semra/0000-0003-3467-9763; Oner-Iyidogan, Yildiz/0000-0001-6956-8794; Tuncdemir, Matem/0000-0002-5300-4449; KOCAK, Hikmet/0000-0003-1720-9102WOS: 000484049900002PubMed: 30993920Background. Apoptosis plays a major role in fatty liver disease. High-fat diets are related to the onset of fatty liver disease and hepatic oxidant-antioxidant imbalance. Curcumin and capsaicin are somewhat beneficial in reducing hepatic triglycerides; this is most likely because they are known to downregulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Objectives. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of curcumin and capsaicin on apoptosis through the oxidative effect in an animal model of fatty liver disease. Material and methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a normal control diet, a high-fat diet (HFD; 60% of total calories from fat), a HFD+curcumin (1.5 g curcumin/kg HFD), a HFD+capsaicin (0.15 g capsaicin/kg HFD), or a HFD+curcumin+capsaicin (1.5 g curcumin and 0.15 g capsaicin/kg HFD). Liver lysate levels of BAX, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 were determined via immunoblotting. Caspase-3 activity was measured with a colorimetric caspase-3 measurement kit. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were assayed using commercial kits. the generation of hepatic ROS was measured with fluorimetry. Fragmentation of DNA was detected using the TUNEL method. Results. High-fat diet caused increased expression of BAX and caspase-3, as well as increased TOS and caspase-3 activity, but decreased expression of Bcl-2. HFD+curcumin+capsaicin caused decreased BAX, caspase-3, TOS, and ROS levels as compared to HFD, but increased TAS and Bcl-2. A HFD +curcumin+capsaicin also decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Conclusions. These results suggest that supplementation with curcumin and capsaicin balances the hepatic oxidant-antioxidant status and may have a protective role in the apoptotic process in an HFD-induced fatty liver model.Research Fund of Istanbul University, TurkeyIstanbul University [55331, BEK-2017-24926]This work was supported by the Research Fund of Istanbul University, Turkey, project No. 55331 and BEK-2017-24926

Blueberry treatment attenuated cirrhotic and preneoplastic lesions and oxidative stress in the liver of diethylnitrosamine-treated rats

Diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver cancer normally develops in stages that progress from cirrhosis and carcinoma. Increased oxidative stress is suggested to play a role in DEN-induced carcinogenicity. Blueberries (BB) contain high antioxidant capacity. We investigated the effect of BB supplementation on development of DEN-induced cirrhosis and neoplastic lesions in the liver. Rats were injected with DEN (200 mg/kg; i.p.) three times with an interval of 15 days at 4, 6, and 8 weeks and sacrificed 8 weeks after the last DEN injection. They were also fed on 8% BB (w/w) containing chow for 16 weeks. Hepatic damage markers in serum were determined together with hepatic histopathological examinations. Hydroxyproline (HYP), malondialdehyde (MDA), diene conjugate (DC), protein carbonyl (PC), and glutathione (GSH) levels, and CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, and their mRNA expressions were measured. Protein and mRNA expressions of glutathione transferase-pi (GST-pi) were evaluated as a marker of preneoplastic lesions. BB supplementation decreased hepatic damage markers in serum and hepatic MDA, DC, and PC levels, but SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities and their mRNA expressions remained unchanged in DEN-treated rats. BB attenuated cirrhotic changes and decreased hepatic HYP levels and GST-pi expressions. Our results indicate that BB is effective in decreasing development of DEN-induced hepatic cirrhosis and preneoplastic lesions by acting as an antioxidant (radical scavenger) itself without affecting activities and mRNA expressions of antioxidant enzymes

Acute and long-term effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on hemorheological parameters in patients with various disorders

Inhalation of 100% oxygen in a hyperbaric chamber has been accepted as a useful treatment for patients with various pathologies who suffer from hypoxia. The oxidative effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on RBCs have been investigated in animals but there is not enough data on hemorheological parameters in patients following HBO treatment (HBOT)