Higher twists in deep inelastic scattering

We perform an exploratory study of higher twist contributions to deep inelastic scattering. We estimate the size of two major sources of higher twist, namely absorptive corrections and the vector meson dominance (VMD) contribution. We find that they give a sizeable higher twist component of F_2. For example at x = 0.01 it is about 8% (17%) at Q^2 = 10 GeV^2 (4 GeV^2), reaching up to 27% at x = 10^{-4} and Q^2 = 4 GeV^2. At the smaller x value the largest contribution comes from absorptive corrections, while at the larger values of x the VMD term dominates.Comment: The sign of the gluon rescattering twist-4 component has been corrected and the manuscript modified accordingl

Simultaneous QCD analysis of diffractive and inclusive DIS data

We perform a NLO QCD analysis of deep-inelastic scattering data, in which we account for absorptive corrections. These corrections are determined from a simultaneous analysis of diffractive deep-inelastic data. The absorptive effects are found to enhance the size of the gluon distribution at small x, such that a negative input gluon distribution at Q^2 = 1 GeV^2 is no longer required. We discuss the problem that the gluon distribution is valence-like at low scales, whereas the sea quark distribution grows with decreasing x. Our study hints at the possible importance of power corrections for Q^2 \simeq 1--2 GeV^2.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures. Version published as a Rapid Communication in Phys. Rev.

The intercept of the BFKL pomeron from Forward Jets at HERA

Recently the H1 and ZEUS collaborations have presented cross sections for DIS events with a forward jet. The BFKL formalism is able to produce an excellent fit to these data. The extracted intercept of the hard pomeron suggests that when all higher order corrections are taken into account the cross section will still rise very rapidly as expected for low $x$ dynamics.Comment: 10 pages, one figure, accepted for publication in PL

The Two-Component Non-Perturbative Pomeron and the G-Universality

In this communication we present a generalization of the Donnachie-Landshoff model inspired by the recent discovery of a 2-component Pomeron in LLA-QCD by Bartels, Lipatov and Vacca. In particular, we explore a new property, not present in the usual Regge theory - the G-Universality - which signifies the independence of one of the Pomeron components on the nature of the initial and final hadrons. The best description of all the forward hadron-hadron, gamma- gamma and gamma-proton data is obtained when G-universailty is imposed. Moreover, the maximal (ln)**2 behaviour of the hadron amplitude, first established by Heisenberg, is clearly favoured by the data.Comment: 5 pages, 2 tables, talk at the International Workshop on Diffraction in High-Energy Physics "Diffraction 2000", Cetraro, Italy, September 2-7, 200

The effective action and the triple Pomeron vertex

We study integrations over light-cone momenta in the gauge invariant effective action of high energy QCD. A regularization mechanism which allows for the evaluation of the longitudinal integrations is presented. After a rederivation of the reggeized gluon and the BFKL-equation from the effective action, we study the 1-3 and 2-4 reggeized gluon transition vertex of QCD Reggeon field theory and discuss their connection with the usual triple Pomeron vertex of perturbative QCD.Comment: Talk given at the 3rd International Hadron Structure '09 Conference, Tatranska Strba, Slovakia, 30 Aug - 3 Sep 2009; 4 pages, 16 figure

Atlantic Water advection and glacier responses at the margins of Svalbard since the deglaciation

Atlantic Water (AW) advection plays an important role in climatic, oceanographic and environmental conditions in the Arctic. Situated along the only deep connection between the Atlantic and the Arctic oceans, the Svalbard Archipelago is an ideal location to reconstruct the past AW advection history and document its linkage with local glacier dynamics. In the framework of this thesis, three sediment cores from the northern margins of Svalbard were chosen covering up to 15,500 years. Multi-proxy based reconstructions (applying benthic foraminiferal assemblages, sediment properties and geochemical tracers) revealed a rapid retreat of the ice sheet covering Svalbard during the deglaciation, closely connected to AW inflow. While conditions during the early Holocene were warmer than today when AW caused open waters and retreated glaciers, Arctic Water gained influence at the transition to the mid-Holocene, whereas glaciers re-advanced during the late Holocene

High Energy Behavior of a Six-Point R-Current Correlator in N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory

We study the high energy limit of a six-point R-current correlator in N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory for finite N_c. We make use of the framework of perturbative resummation of large logarithms of the energy. More specifically, we apply the (extended) generalized leading logarithmic approximation. We find that the same conformally invariant two-to-four gluon vertex occurs as in non-supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. As a new feature we find a direct coupling of the four-gluon t-channel state to the R-current impact factor.Comment: 47 page

Physics at Low x

The QCD expectations concerning the deep inelastic lepton - hadron scattering at low $x$ and their phenomenological implications for HERA are summarised. Theoretical predictions for the structure function $F_2(x,Q^2)$ based on the leading log$1/x$ resummation are presented and compared with the results obtained from the Altarelli-Parisi equations. Theoretical predictions are confronted with the recent data from HERA. The role of studying the final states in deep inelastic scattering for revealing the dynamics at low $x$ is emphasised and some dedicated measurements like deep inelastic plus jet events, transverse energy flow and dijet production in deep inelastic scattering are discussed.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, review talk presented at the Workshop "QCD94", 7-13 July 1994, Montpellier, France (to appear in the Proceedings of the Workshop), Krak\'ow INP report N0 1681/PH, hard copies of the figures available on request from the author at [email protected]

Regularized Newton Methods for X-ray Phase Contrast and General Imaging Problems

Like many other advanced imaging methods, x-ray phase contrast imaging and tomography require mathematical inversion of the observed data to obtain real-space information. While an accurate forward model describing the generally nonlinear image formation from a given object to the observations is often available, explicit inversion formulas are typically not known. Moreover, the measured data might be insufficient for stable image reconstruction, in which case it has to be complemented by suitable a priori information. In this work, regularized Newton methods are presented as a general framework for the solution of such ill-posed nonlinear imaging problems. For a proof of principle, the approach is applied to x-ray phase contrast imaging in the near-field propagation regime. Simultaneous recovery of the phase- and amplitude from a single near-field diffraction pattern without homogeneity constraints is demonstrated for the first time. The presented methods further permit all-at-once phase contrast tomography, i.e. simultaneous phase retrieval and tomographic inversion. We demonstrate the potential of this approach by three-dimensional imaging of a colloidal crystal at 95 nm isotropic resolution.Comment: (C)2016 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibite

Thermo-optical interactions in a dye-microcavity photon Bose-Einstein condensate

Superfluidity and Bose-Einstein condensation are usually considered as two closely related phenomena. Indeed, in most macroscopic quantum systems, like liquid helium, ultracold atomic Bose gases, and exciton-polaritons, condensation and superfluidity occur in parallel. In photon Bose-Einstein condensates realized in the dye microcavity system, thermalization does not occur by direct interaction of the condensate particles as in the above described systems, i.e. photon-photon interactions, but by absorption and re-emission processes on the dye molecules, which act as a heat reservoir. Currently, there is no experimental evidence for superfluidity in the dye microcavity system, though effective photon interactions have been observed from thermo-optic effects in the dye medium. In this work, we theoretically investigate the implications of effective thermo-optic photon interactions, a temporally delayed and spatially non-local effect, on the photon condensate, and derive the resulting Bogoliubov excitation spectrum. The calculations suggest a linear photon dispersion at low momenta, fulfilling the Landau's criterion of superfluidity . We envision that the temporally delayed and long-range nature of the thermo-optic photon interaction offer perspectives for novel quantum fluid phenomena.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figure