Inferior vena cava filters: a review

Venous thromboembolism is an entity that ranges from deep vein thrombosis to pulmonary embolism, both are highly prevalent diseases in our environment and potentially fatal. The intention of this review is to compile information regarding the indications, contraindications, complications and comparison of different therapeutic methods in order to create an algorithm. An exhaustive review was performed with the available literature, using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Cochrane databases from 2004 to 2021. The search criteria were formulated to identify reports related to inferior vena cava filters. Venous thrombosis manifested as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism is a highly prevalent disease in our setting with high morbidity and mortality. Currently, different therapeutic options have been presented to address this pathology, in this review we focus on the developments regarding the use of vena cava filters. Reviewing the indications for the placement of a vena cava filter, we find absolute indications such as a contraindication to anticoagulation and high risk of massive pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary thromboembolism is a disease with high prevalence and mortality, we have highly effective and novel treatments such as the vena cava filter, patients should be selected carefully always taking into account the absolute and relative indications

Silver Nanoparticles Dispersed on Silica Glass for Applications as Photothermal Selective Material

AbstractSilver nanoparticles dispersed into a resin are deposited on silica glasses by the spin coating method and heated around 100°C. UV-VIS measurements show high stability of the optical spectra after heat treatment, suggesting that the morphology of the silver nanoparticles are stable. The transmission electronic microscopy images exhibit huge spherical aggregates and prolate silver nanoparticles. In order to evaluate the roughness and solar optical properties, reflectance spectra, atomic force microscopy and perfilometric measurements are performed. The chemical composition and morphology of the films are analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EDX. The optical properties of the films show high absortance and low emissivity in the visible and near infrared range, respectively, suggesting their potential use as photothermal selective materials with good thermal stabilization. This feature is an important prerequisite of coatings for the solar collector manufacturing. The optical properties, the thin film thickness and roughness are correlated among them to understand the selective response of the coatings

Silica-Copper Oxide Composite Thin Films as Solar Selective Coatings Prepared by Dipping Sol Gel

Silica-copper oxide (silica-CuO) composite thin films were prepared by a dipping sol-gel route using ethanolic solutions comprised TEOS and a copper-propionate complex. Sols with different TEOS/Cu-propionate (Si/Cu) molar ratios were prepared and applied on stainless steel substrates using dipping process. During the annealing process, copper-propionate complexes developed into particulate polycrystalline CuO dispersed in a partially crystallized silica matrix, as indicated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The gel thermal analysis revealed that the prepared material might be stable up to 400°C. The silica-CuO/stainless steel system was characterized as a selective absorber surface and its solar selectivity parameters, absorptance (α), and emittance (ε) were evaluated from UV-NIR reflectance data. The solar parameters of such a system were mostly affected by the thickness and phase composition of the SiO2-CuO film. Interestingly, the best solar parameters (α = 0.92 and ε = 0.2) were associated to the thinnest films, which comprised a CuO-Cu2O mixture immersed in the silica matrix, as indicated by XPS