13,648 research outputs found
Charged branes interactions via Kalb-Ramond field
Because of its versatility, the 2-form field has been employed to describe a
multitude of scenarios that range from high energy to condensed matter physics.
Pushing forward in this endeavor we study the interaction energy, intermediated
by this kind of field, between branes in a variety of configurations. Also, the
so-called Cremmer-Scherk-Kalb-Ramond model, which consists of the
electromagnetic field coupled to the Kalb-Ramond gauge potential, is
considered. It turns out that these models exhibit a much richer class of
sources than usually thought, able to intermediate novel forms of interactions
in different scenarios.Comment: 12 latex pages, more general result
Field theoretic description of electromagnetic boundaries: The Casimir effect between dissimilar mirrors from external potentials
In a previous work we formulated a model of semitransparent dielectric
surfaces, coupled to the electromagnetic field by means of an effective
potential. Here we consider a setup with two dissimilar mirrors, and compute
exactly the correction undergone by the photon propagator due to the presence
of both plates. It turns out that this new propagator is continuous all over
the space and, in the appropriate limit, coincides with the one used to
describe the Casimir effect between perfect conductors. The amended Green
function is then used to calculate the Casimir energy between the uniaxial
dielectric surfaces described by the model, and a numerical analysis is carried
out to highlight the peculiar behavior of the interaction between the mirrors.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
Rutherford scattering with radiation damping
We study the effect of radiation damping on the classical scattering of
charged particles. Using a perturbation method based on the Runge-Lenz vector,
we calculate radiative corrections to the Rutherford cross section, and the
corresponding energy and angular momentum losses.Comment: Latex, 11 pages, 4 eps figure
Hybrid functional calculations of the Al impurity in silica: Hole localization and electron paramagnetic resonance parameters
We performed first-principle calculations based on the supercell and cluster
approaches to investigate the neutral Al impurity in smoky quartz. Electron
paramagnetic resonance measurements suggest that the oxygens around the Al
center undergo a polaronic distortion which localizes the hole being on one of
the four oxygen atoms. We find that the screened exchange hybrid functional
successfully describes this localization and improves on standard local density
approaches or on hybrid functionals that do not include enough exact exchange
such as B3LYP. We find a defect level at about 2.5 eV above the valence band
maximum, corresponding to a localized hole in a O 2p orbital. The calculated
values of the g tensor and the hyperfine splittings are in excellent agreement
with experiment.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl
Two field BPS solutions for generalized Lorentz breaking models
In this work we present nonlinear models in two-dimensional space-time of two
interacting scalar fields in the Lorentz and CPT violating scenarios. We
discuss the soliton solutions for these models as well as the question of
stability for them. This is done by generalizing a model recently published by
Barreto and collaborators and also by getting new solutions for the model
introduced by them.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure
Observation of mesoscopic conductance fluctuations in YBaCuO grain boundary Josephson Junctions
Magneto-fluctuations of the normal resistance R_N have been reproducibly
observed in high critical temp erature superconductor (HTS) grain boundary
junctions, at low temperatures. We attribute them to mesoscopic transport in
narrow channels across the grain boundary line. The Thouless energy appears to
be the relevant energy scale. Our findings have significant implications on
quasiparticle relaxation and coherent transport in HTS grain boundaries.Comment: Revised version, minor changes. 4 pages, 4 figure
New point-like sources and a conducting surface in Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics
We investigate some aspects of the Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics
focusing on physical effects produced by the presence of stationary sources and
a perfectly conducting plate (mirror). Specifically, in addition to point
charges, we propose two new types of point-like sources called topological
source and Dirac point, and we also consider physical effects in various
configurations that involve them. We show that the Dirac point is the source of
the vortex field configurations. The propagator of the gauge field due to the
presence of a conducting plate and the interaction forces between the plate and
point-like sources are computed. It is shown that the image method is valid for
the point-like charges as well as for Dirac points. For the topological source
we show that the image method is not valid and the symmetry of spatial
refection on the mirror is broken. In all setups considered, it is shown that
the topological source leads to the emergence of torques.Comment: 17 Latex pages, 7 figure
Dietary Patterns at the Individual Level through a Nutritional and Environmental Approach: The Case Study of a School Canteen
The public catering sector has important responsibilities in seeking a change toward more sustainable choices for many aspects related to the environmental impacts of their services. The environmental impact of production processes can be studied through life cycle assessment (LCA), which allows a greater awareness of choices and has rarely been applied to catering. In this work, we studied the impacts of two dishes (braised meat and cauliflower meatballs) in a school canteen, their impacts were studied using the daily energy requirement (expressed in kcal) as a functional unit. Global warming potential (GWP) and nonrenewable energy (NRE) were calculated starting from the supply of raw materials up to distribution. Electricity and the act of cooking the meatballs accounted for more than 60% of the measured impact in terms of GWP, whereas, less markedly, they dominated in terms of nonrenewable energy used. In the case of braised meat, the total impact was, however, attributable to the life cycle of the meat (between 60% and 76%) and the consumption of electricity (between 19% and 27%), whereas for all other factors, the contribution was never particularly high. Additionally, a discussion on the correct functional unit to be used proposed the environmental impact of different recipes as an additional criterion for nutritionists during the composition of the menu. An integrated system appears important for changing policies and behaviors and the application of LCA can be a tool capable of contributing to the construction of a holistic instrument of sustainability
First results on the phenotypic analysis of wild and cultivated species of Pyrus in Sicily
Phenotypic analysis of Pyrus in Sicily using a set of 19 characters on 71 accessions belonging to 7 species is here reported. Results show a high level of morphological variation in this genus.
Cluster analysis of the morphological characters allows to identify two groups: the first closely related to wild pears and the latter related to P. communis s. l. and P. sicanorum. It is likely to think that many Ethno-Varieties, usually attributed to P. communis, on the contrary are attributable to wild Sicilian pears and belong to indigenous germplasm
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