Incentives to the uptake of GHG emission reducing technologies in the global dairy sector: the Kenya case study.

The dairy sector in Kenya is one of the largest in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Kenyan Government has stated ambitions for its transition to higher output and towards lower emissions in line with international commitments. Addressing the yield gap and meeting environmental targets is only achievable through the adoption of climate-smart practices.• Interventions are being made to join up extension and research services and encourage adoption of key practices that raise productivity and reduce the greenhouse gas burden from current production.• Structural and institutional issues pervade the sector due, in part, to a long history of liberalisation leading to the majority of dairy milk being sold through informal supply chains from small-holder dairy enterprises. Moreover, Kenya has a range of systems operating at various levels of intensity. The wide range in yields recorded reflects economic, climatic, biophysical and social constraint current practice and adoption.• We outline the main feasible climate smart practices and approaches that could be adopted across this sector, the major barriers to their adoption, and potential interventions to encourage future adoption to meet Kenya’s vision for its dairy sector. These are outlined in the following tables.• Overall, there is significant potential for improving yields and reducing emissions intensity across a range of practices that are considered cost-effective. Larger scale interventions are also considered which may bring about transitional change, these tend to focus on co-ordination of initiatives to ensure clear messaging and equity of access in growth. This encompasses initiatives both from the private and public sectors

Barriers and incentives to the uptake of GHG emission reducing technologies in the global dairy sector: the UK case study.

The UK Government have ambitious plans for its transition to decarbonise the agricultural sector whilst balancing the requirement for output growth. Numerous solutions and pathways exist for reducing greenhouse gas footprints on dairy farms. We explore those mitigation measures which have been identified to have the highest current potential for mitigating emissions.• The dairy sector is one of the most technically advanced of all farming sectors in the UK. However, there are great variances between best performers in both resource use and greenhouse gas footprints.• We identify a range of technologies and practices that could improve efficiency, prove cost effective and support goals for improving emissions intensities. These cover uptake of sexed semen and genetic improvement, improving animal health, improving feed practices and supplements, land, and nutrient management as well as renewable energy.• A range of barriers are identified that tend to limit uptake of these approaches which covers both economic issues, around cost and risk-aversion, but also behavioural nuances around the perception of their efficacy.• A significant driver of uptake is the institutional environment which is undergoing a change since the UK left the European Union in 2020. The subsidy system and the underpinning regulatory base is proposed to change in different countries of the UK. New schemes aim to embed climate goals within support payments, and these include encouraging more climate smart approaches, as well as capital support for larger investments and concerted efforts to integrate woodlands onto farm.• We outline the different mitigation measures, their main barriers, and incentives

Barriers and incentives to the uptake of GHG emission reducing technologies in the global dairy sector: the UK case study.

The UK Government have ambitious plans for its transition to decarbonise the agricultural sector whilst balancing the requirement for output growth. Numerous solutions and pathways exist for reducing greenhouse gas footprints on dairy farms. We explore those mitigation measures which have been identified to have the highest current potential for mitigating emissions.• The dairy sector is one of the most technically advanced of all farming sectors in the UK. However, there are great variances between best performers in both resource use and greenhouse gas footprints.• We identify a range of technologies and practices that could improve efficiency, prove cost effective and support goals for improving emissions intensities. These cover uptake of sexed semen and genetic improvement, improving animal health, improving feed practices and supplements, land, and nutrient management as well as renewable energy.• A range of barriers are identified that tend to limit uptake of these approaches which covers both economic issues, around cost and risk-aversion, but also behavioural nuances around the perception of their efficacy.• A significant driver of uptake is the institutional environment which is undergoing a change since the UK left the European Union in 2020. The subsidy system and the underpinning regulatory base is proposed to change in different countries of the UK. New schemes aim to embed climate goals within support payments, and these include encouraging more climate smart approaches, as well as capital support for larger investments and concerted efforts to integrate woodlands onto farm.• We outline the different mitigation measures, their main barriers, and incentives