Utilise Higher Modulation Formats with Heterogeneous Mobile Networks Increases Wireless Channel Transmission

In this paper, a higher modulation format with a heterogeneous mobile network (small cells, Macrocells) is proposed, explored and evaluated at a wireless transmission system. As such, study the effect of utilising developed schemes of modulation like the 256 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) on the modulation/de-modulation level of the currently applied Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Since the higher bit-rate of transmission is one of the important topics for the forthcoming generation of mobile, the introduced system aims to regulate the trade-off relationship between the maximum achieved bit-rate and the minimum required level of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Hence, involve the small cell technology as a supportive tool for the higher schemes of modulation to increase the capacity of the channel at the accepted limit of error. Consequently, the presented system that combines both the higher modulation formats and the small cells can expand the transmission coverage with a higher bit-rate yet keeping a similar level of the received power. Moreover, the system performance in terms of the maximum bit-rate and the Bit Error Rate (BER) is investigated in the presence of the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel model. Also, the OFDM waveform is considered herein as an accommodating environment to examine the activity of the intended modulation techniques due to its’ efficiency in using the available Bandwidth (BW). Furthermore, a MATLAB simulation is used to implement the promoted system and clarify the advantages and disadvantages of it in comparison with the currently applied 64 QAM

Medical management of renal stone

Kidney stone is a common clinical problem faced by clinicians. The prevalence of the disease is increasing worldwide. As the affected population is getting younger and recurrence rates are high, dietary modifications, lifestyle changes, and medical management are essential. Patients with recurrent stone disease need careful evaluation for underlying metabolic disorder. Medical management should be used judiciously in all patients with kidney stones, with appropriate individualization. This chapter focuses on medical management of kidney stones

Collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy in association with hodgkin′s lymphoma

Deposit glomerulopathies are characterized by fibrillary deposits of various sizes, mainly in the mesangial area. Collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy is a rare type of such fibrillary glomerulopathies characterized by deposits of 60-80 nm fibrils in the sub-endothelial and mesan-gial areas. It is also associated with increased levels of serum pro-collagen type III peptide (PIIINP). Although most of the initial reports have emanated from Japan, many other scientists around the globe have later reported this disease. Possibility of systemic disease affecting metabolism of type III collagen is postulated but so far no such association has been identified. We report a 26-year-old male patient who presented with insidious onset of febrile illness associated with lympha-denopathy and proteinuria. Lymph node biopsy revealed features of Hodgkin′s lymphoma while percutaneous renal biopsy showed features of collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy