Repeated exposure of jacket plum (Pappea capensis) micro-cuttings to indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) improved in vitro rooting capacity

The objective of the trial was to determine an effective propagation protocol for jacket plum (Pappea capensis) tree species. Experiments on in vitro propagation and rooting of stem cuttings were carried out. Dipping stem cuttings in half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) media for 12 h prior to application of rooting hormones improved bud break and prolonged survival of stem cuttings on a mist bed. Early leaf loss was observed for stem cuttings planted without MS treatment. However, rooting was poor (11% for cuttings pre-treated in MS and 0% for those not pre-treated). For micro-propagation, significant differences (P < 0.05) in shoot multiplication and root regeneration were found. MS media supplemented with 2.0 mg l–1 benzylaminopurine was superior in the number of micro-shoots produced. Rooting capacity of micro-cuttings was improved from 42% to 64% when MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg l–1 IBA were repeated for the micro-cuttings that initially failed to root. There was 70% survival rate of plantlets after hardened off.The financial support from the Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation (BMZ/GTZ), Germany through the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Southern Africa Regional Programme, Agro-Forest and Bio Energy Association and Invest North West, South Africa is acknowledged

In vitro propagation of Pistacia species

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D88475 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Sports facilities development towards sustainable community: A case study of Kuala Lumpur

Sports and sports facilities development have improved rapidly over the past years in Malaysia. However, such improvements are inadequate compared to the overall development of sports at international level. In recent years sport is getting more and more influential and it will continue to grow in importance, even for developing countries. Increase in the amount of public money being spent on sports facilities, at the same time, increase in the number of sports facilities as well as increasingly importance of sustainability necessitate demand to investigate issues surrounding sports facilities development especially in Kuala Lumpur as the regional and national centre for sporting activities. The long-term benefits to cities and local communities need to achieve more initiative by decision-makers. However, sustainability is more important for sports facilities due to requirement of huge money for construction, ancillary needs and constant maintenance costs. This research aims to examine the effectiveness and intangible benefits of sports facilities in Kuala Lumpur through residents' perceptions. Four case studies each selected from one of the four managing zones of sports facilities developed by Kuala Lumpur City Hall provide information for this research. The research able to rank the case studies based on residents' perception towards their attitude about facilities and programmes, using of the facilities, and respondents’ willingness to pay. The paper argues that the sports facilities could only have limited impacts on residents which need to improve and increase the impacts for further development