169 research outputs found
HST ultraviolet spectral energy distributions for three ultraluminous infrared galaxies
We present HST Faint Object Camera ultraviolet (230 nm and 140 nm) images of
three ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIG: L_ir > 10^12 L_sun) selected from
the IRAS Revised Bright Galaxy Sample. The purpose is to estimate spectral
energy distributions (SEDs) to facilitate the identification of similar objects
at high redshift in deep optical, infrared, and submm surveys.
All three galaxies (VII Zw031 = IRAS F12112+0305, and IRAS F22491-1808) were
well detected at 230 nm. Two of the three were marginally detected at 140 nm.
The fluxes, together with ground-based optical and infrared photometry, are
used to compute SEDs over a wide wavelength range. The measured SEDs drop from
the optical to the ultraviolet, but the magnitude of the drop ranges from a
factor of ~3 in IRAS F22491-1808 to a factor of ~100 in VIIZw031. This is most
likely due to different internal extinctions. Such an interpretation is also
suggested by extrapolating to ultraviolet wavelengths the optical internal
extinction measured in VIIZw031. K-corrections are calculated to determine the
colors of the sample galaxies as seen at high redshifts. Galaxies like VIIZw031
have very low observed rest-frame UV fluxes which means that such galaxies at
high redshift will be extremely red or even missing in optical surveys. On the
other hand, galaxies like IRAS F12112+0305 and IRAS F22491-1808, if seen at
high redshift, would be sufficiently blue that they would not easily be
distinguished from normal field galaxies, and therefore, identified as ULIGs.
The implication is then that submillimeter surveys may be the only means of
properly identifying the majority of ULIGs at high redshift.Comment: AJ in press, TeX, 23 pages, 7 tab, 17 figs available also (at higher
resolution) from http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk~trentham/ufigs.htm
Probing color-singlet exchange in -jet events at the LHC
The purely electroweak process (via -channel or
exchange) provides a copious and fairly clean source of color-singlet exchange
events in collisions at the LHC. A judicious choice of phase-space region
allows the suppression of QCD backgrounds to the level of the signal. The
color-singlet-exchange signal can be distinguished from QCD backgrounds by the
radiation patterns of additional minijets in individual events. A rapidity-gap
trigger at the minijet level substantially enhances the signal versus the
background. Analogous features of weak boson scattering events make -jet
events at the LHC an ideal laboratory for investigation of the soft-jet
activity expected in weak-boson scattering events.Comment: 24 pages (with 7 embedded figures), Revtex, uses epsf.sty.
Z-compressed postscript version also available at
http://phenom.physics.wisc.edu/pub/preprints/1996/madph-96-943.ps.Z or at
ftp://phenom.physics.wisc.edu/pub/preprints/1996/madph-96-943.ps.
The Central Temperature of the Sun can be Measured via the Be Solar Neutrino Line
A precise test of the theory of stellar evolution can be performed by
measuring the difference in average energy between the neutrino line produced
by electron capture in the solar interior and the corresponding
neutrino line produced in a terrestrial laboratory. The high temperatures in
the center of the sun broaden the line asymmetrically, FWHM = 1.6~keV, and
cause an average energy shift of 1.3~keV. The width of the Be neutrino line
should be taken into account in calculations of vacuum neutrino oscillations.Comment: RevTeX file, 9 pages. For hardcopy with figure, send to
[email protected]. Institute for Advanced Study number AST 93/4
Charged Heavy Lepton Production In Superstring Inspired E6 Models
The possibility of studying superstring inspired \mbox{}
phenomenology at high energy hadron colliders is investigated. A very simple
low energy rank-5 Supersymmetric (N=1) model is considered, which consists of
three scalar-Higgses, , two charged-Higgses, , one
pseudo-scalar-Higgses, , and an extra vector boson, the . The
production of charged heavy leptons pairs, , by gluon-gluon fusion
and Drell-Yan mechanisms is discussed. For gluon-gluon fusion an enhancement in
the parton level cross-section is expected due to the heavy (s)fermion loops
which couple to the gluons. This mechanism is expected to dominate over
Drell-Yan for invariant masses above the mass.Comment: 65 pages, LaTeX file, 26 figures, also available at
http://www.physics.carleton.ca/~boyce/papers/prd96.p
Is Large Lepton Mixing Excluded?
The original \bnum -(or -) energy spectrum from the
gravitational collapse of a star has a larger average energy than the spectrum
for \bnue since the opacity of \bnue exeeds that of \bnum (or ).
Flavor neutrino conversion, \bnue \bnum, induced by lepton
mixing results in partial permutation of the original \bnue and \bnum spectra.
An upper bound on the permutation factor, (99 CL) is derived
using the data from SN1987A and the different models of the neutrino burst. The
relation between the permutation factor and the vacuum mixing angle is
established, which leads to the upper bound on this angle. The excluded region,
, covers the regions of large mixing angle
solutions of the solar neutrino problem: ``just-so" and, partly, MSW, as well
as part of region of oscillation space which could be
responsible for the atmospheric muon neutrino deficit. These limits are
sensitive to the predicted neutrino spectrum and can be strengthened as
supernova models improve.Comment: 20 pages, TeX file. For hardcopy with figures contact
[email protected]. Institute for Advanced Study number AST 93/1
Constrained Supersymmetric Flipped SU(5) GUT Phenomenology
We explore the phenomenology of the minimal supersymmetric flipped SU(5) GUT
model (CFSU(5)), whose soft supersymmetry-breaking (SSB) mass parameters are
constrained to be universal at some input scale, , above the GUT scale,
. We analyze the parameter space of CFSU(5) assuming that the lightest
supersymmetric particle (LSP) provides the cosmological cold dark matter,
paying careful attention to the matching of parameters at the GUT scale. We
first display some specific examples of the evolutions of the SSB parameters
that exhibit some generic features. Specifically, we note that the relationship
between the masses of the lightest neutralino and the lighter stau is sensitive
to , as is the relationship between the neutralino mass and the masses
of the heavier Higgs bosons. For these reasons, prominent features in generic
planes such as coannihilation strips and rapid-annihilation
funnels are also sensitive to , as we illustrate for several cases with
tan(beta)=10 and 55. However, these features do not necessarily disappear at
large , unlike the case in the minimal conventional SU(5) GUT. Our
results are relatively insensitive to neutrino masses.Comment: 23 pages, 8 figures; (v2) added explanations and corrected typos,
version to appear in EPJ
The AdS/QCD Correspondence: Still Undelivered
We consider the particle spectrum and event shapes in large N gauge theories
in different regimes of the short-distance 't Hooft coupling, lambda. The
mesons in the small lambda limit should have a Regge spectrum in order to agree
with perturbation theory, while generically the large lambda theories with
gravity duals produce spectra reminiscent of KK modes. We argue that these
KK-like states are qualitatively different from QCD modes: they are deeply
bound states which are sensitive to short distance interactions rather than the
flux tube-like states expected in asymptotically free, confining gauge
theories. In addition, we also find that the characteristic event shapes for
the large lambda theories with gravity duals are close to spherical, very
different from QCD-like (small lambda, small N) and Nambu-Goto-like (small
lambda, large N) theories which have jets. This observation is in agreement
with the conjecture of Strassler on event shapes in large 't Hooft coupling
theories, which was recently proved by Hofman and Maldacena for the conformal
case. This conclusion does not change even when considering soft-wall
backgrounds in the gravity dual. The picture that emerges is the following:
theories with small and large lambda are qualitatively different, while
theories with small and large N are qualitatively similar. Thus it seems that
it is the relative smallness of the 't Hooft coupling in QCD that prevents a
reliable AdS/QCD correspondence from emerging, and that reproducing
characteristic QCD-like behavior will require genuine stringy dynamics to be
incorporated into any putative dual theory.Comment: 32 pages, 15 figures; references added, minor changes, history
clarifie
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