17 research outputs found
Lâaffaire est dans le sac : un cas exceptionnel de contenant textile au sein du dĂ©pĂŽt du Bronze final atlantique 2 de Hellez, Saint-Ygeaux (CĂŽtes-dâArmor)
International audienc
Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Boeschepe (Nord), lieu-dit "Quartier du CimetiĂšre", rue du Bonna : rapport de diagnostic
Le site a livrĂ© une occupation diachronique depuis la Protohistoire jusquâĂ la pĂ©riode contemporaine. Les occupations se succĂšdent nĂ©anmoins de façon dĂ©cousue, ne prĂ©sentant pas de lien entre elles ni de continuitĂ© mais, au contraire, dâimportants hiatus chronologiques.La phase dâoccupation la plus ancienne concerne la fin du premier Ăąge du Fer. Le site domestique mis au jour est reprĂ©sentĂ© par un ensemble constituĂ© de fosses et dâun grenier. Ces Ă©lĂ©ments Ă©voquent une occupation rurale ouverte situĂ©e en marge dâun complexe plus important qui pourrait se dĂ©velopper plus au nord-est. La prĂ©sence de deux autres fosses, au nord et Ă lâouest des travaux, attribuĂ©es Ă la Protohistoire, et pour lesquelles la datation nâa pu ĂȘtre prĂ©cisĂ©e, est Ă noter.La pĂ©riode gallo-romaine est reprĂ©sentĂ©e par un petit ensemble de quatre vestiges : un fossĂ© et trois fosses mis au jour au nord et Ă lâest de lâemprise. Les comblements de ces diffĂ©rents faits comportent des rejets domestiques dont une faible quantitĂ© de mobilier cĂ©ramique qui nâa pas permis dâaffiner davantage cet intervalle chronologique. Ces faits pourraient appartenir Ă une occupation domestique plus dense qui pourrait se dĂ©velopper plus au nord et/ou Ă lâest, sur les parcelles attenantes au diagnostic.Le bas Moyen Ăge est illustrĂ© par la prĂ©sence de deux fosses et quatre fossĂ©s au nord de lâemprise et un fossĂ© au sud. Le type des structures, la nature des inclusions et du mobilier cĂ©ramique associĂ©s, suggĂšrent une occupation domestique du site aux XIIIe-XIVe siĂšcles.Un trou de poteau, des fosses-dĂ©potoir, une zone de remblais et un fossĂ© Ă©voquent des amĂ©nagements anthropiques au nord, Ă lâest et au sud des parcelles durant lâĂšre industrielle. Ă ces vestiges, sâadjoint la prĂ©sence dâune ferme visible sur les plans cadastraux napolĂ©oniens de 1809 et 1841 et confirmĂ©e par la mise au jour dâun puits et dâune partie des fondations dâun bĂątiment au sud du diagnostic. Enfin deux impacts dâobus retrouvĂ©s au sud et Ă lâest de lâemprise sont liĂ©s aux conflits de la PremiĂšre Guerre mondiale
Cyclic behaviour of a 6061 aluminium alloy: Coupling precipitation and elastoplastic modelling (vol 83, pg 256, 2015)
International audienc
Un nouvel assemblage de haches-lingots dans la vallée du RhÎne : le dépÎt de Loyettes (Ain)
International audienc
Le site de La Rochette Ă Mauron (Morbihan)Â : les multiples occupations dâun promontoire
DĂ©couvert par prospection aĂ©rienne en 1992, le site de La Rochette rĂ©vĂšle un ensemble de cinq fossĂ©s barrant un relief de promontoire dominant la vallĂ©e de lâYvel. Le plus imposant de ces fossĂ©s est segmentĂ© en quatre tronçons. Une fouille programmĂ©e de lâensemble du promontoire est engagĂ©e sur la problĂ©matique de lâattribution chronoculturelle des Ă©perons barrĂ©s et la nature de leurs occupations internes. LâĂ©tude fut menĂ©e de 2003 Ă 2007 sur une surface de 1,3 ha, soit 80 % de lâemprise totale du site enclos. Le nombre important de structures de fondation mis au jour fait apparaĂźtre une succession dâamĂ©nagements en arcs de cercles concentriques traduisant une parfaite adaptation Ă la topographie. Face Ă lâindigence du matĂ©riel archĂ©ologique datant, dix-sept datations par le radiocarbone viennent Ă©tayer lâattribution chronoculturelle des quatre principales occupations mises en Ă©vidence. Une premiĂšre frĂ©quentation, au NĂ©olithique ancien, se rĂ©sume Ă cinq foyers en cuvette groupĂ©s au nord-est du site. Au Bronze final, le large fossĂ© interrompu constitue un imposant barrage trĂšs structurĂ© abritant une sĂ©rie de petits bĂątiments rĂ©guliĂšrement disposĂ©s en arc de cercle. Le premier Ăąge du Fer est marquĂ© par lâimplantation dâune palissade sur laquelle sâadossent de petits bĂątiments et un large fossĂ© ceinturant la pointe du promontoire au sud. AprĂšs un hiatus de plusieurs siĂšcles, la partie sud est rĂ©investie par une imposante enceinte en bois protĂ©geant une maison sur poteau. Lâensemble est bien datĂ© (radiocarbone et dendrochronologie) du haut Moyen Ăge, fin viie-viiie siĂšcle apr. J.-C., et a subi une destruction systĂ©matique par incendie
Le site de La Rochette Ă Mauron (Morbihan)Â : les multiples occupations dâun promontoire
International audienc
Le cairn de Croaz Dom Herry et ses carriĂšres de schiste (Saint-Nicolas-du-Pelem, CĂŽtes-dâArmor)
International audienceIn 2005, a preventive archaeological diagnosis prior to the construction of a shopping centre led to the discovery of a funerary complex composed of a Middle Neolithic cairn, several burial mounds and a Bronze Age tumulus over a seven hectare area to the south of the village of Saint-Nicolas-du-PĂ©lem (CĂŽtes-dâArmor, France). A preventive excavation carried out in 2006 where the building project was located made it possible to study two quarries used during the Neolithic for the extraction of schist blocks and situated a few metres behind the remains of the cairn. The latter were then thoroughly examined during a research excavation in 2007 and 2008. The remains of the cairn exposed on this schist substratum were in a dominant position at the top of a natural elevation facing east, which is typical of the sites where these large Middle Neolithic monuments were usually built. The presence of two pits and pottery dating from Late Middle Age indicates that the monument, probably exploited as a quarry, was almost completely destroyed at the time, aggravated by the ensuing cultivation of the land. The current remains of the cairn, two or three stone courses high, delineate a north-south quadrangular plan, eight metres wide for an estimated original length of twenty metres or so. The absence of a soil sealed beneath the cairn suggests that the paleosol was completely removed and the outcrops of underlying schist partially levelled off prior to the construction of the cairn. Inside the cairn the layout of four funerary chambers can clearly be made out by the presence either of granite slabs broken by ploughing, with bases firmly anchored in the substratum, or by a completely empty bedding socket. The four chambers, placed next to one another, have the same shape, an almost circular design, three metres in diameter, with a short narrow passage on the eastern facade. The associated archaeological material is scarce and typical of the Middle Neolithic. It only consists of a few stone ornaments that have been analysed, a vase with a smooth wall and a few sherds. No bone remains have been found because of the high acidity of the schist bedrock. Several radiocarbon dates confirm that this type of monument with circular chambers and short passages, well known in coastal areas, dates to the end of the 5th millennium and the beginning of the 4th millennium. The Croaz Dom Herry cairn, a type of construction unknown in Central Brittany before this discovery, fills a gap between the north and south coasts of the peninsula.En 2005, un diagnostic archĂ©ologique prĂ©ventif prĂ©alable Ă lâamĂ©nagement dâun centre commercial est Ă lâorigine de la dĂ©couverte dâun ensemble funĂ©raire regroupant un cairn du NĂ©olithique moyen, plusieurs tombelles en pleine terre et un tumulus de lâĂąge du Bronze sur une surface de sept hectares au sud de la commune de Saint-Nicolas-du-Pelem. Une fouille prĂ©ventive mise en oeuvre en 2006 Ă lâemplacement du projet immobilier a permis dâĂ©tudier deux carriĂšres utilisĂ©es au NĂ©olithique pour lâextraction de moellons de schiste et localisĂ©es Ă quelques mĂštres en arriĂšre des vestiges de cairn. Ces derniers seront ensuite Ă©tudiĂ©s de façon exhaustive en fouille programmĂ©e en 2007 et 2008. Les restes du cairn mis au jour sur ce substrat de schiste Ă©taient en position dominante sur lâextrĂ©mitĂ© dâune croupe naturelle exposĂ©e Ă lâest, caractĂ©ristique des lieux de construction habituels de ces grands monuments du NĂ©olithique moyen. La prĂ©sence de deux fosses et de poteries datant de la fin du Moyen Ăge indique lâĂ©poque de destruction quasi systĂ©matique du monument, probablement exploitĂ© en carriĂšre, situation aggravĂ©e par la suite par la mise en culture du terrain. ConservĂ© au mieux sur deux ou trois assises de moellons superposĂ©s, le cairn dessine un plan quadrangulaire orientĂ© nord sud, large de huit mĂštres pour une longueur dâorigine estimĂ©e Ă une vingtaine de mĂštres. Lâabsence de sol vĂ©gĂ©tal scellĂ© sous le cairn indique une prĂ©paration du terrain prĂ©alable Ă sa construction par enlĂšvement exhaustif du palĂ©osol et Ă©crĂȘtement partiel des affleurements du substrat schisteux. Dans le cairn, le plan de quatre chambres funĂ©raires se distingue nettement par la prĂ©sence soit de dalles de granite brisĂ©es au niveau de la sole des labours dont la base est solidement ancrĂ©e dans le substrat, soit de la fosse de calage des Ă©lĂ©ments complĂštement arrachĂ©s. Les quatre chambres disposĂ©es cĂŽte Ă cĂŽte sont de mĂȘme morphologie, plan presque circulaire de trois mĂštres de diamĂštre sâouvrant en façade orientale par un couloir court et Ă©troit. Le rare matĂ©riel archĂ©ologique associĂ© est caractĂ©ristique du NĂ©olithique moyen. Il se rĂ©duit Ă quelques Ă©lĂ©ments de parure en roche qui ont fait lâobjet dâanalyses, un vase Ă paroi lisse et quelques tessons. Aucun reste dâossement nâest conservĂ© en raison de la forte aciditĂ© du sous-sol de schiste. LâanciennetĂ© de ce type de monument Ă chambres circulaires et couloirs courts, connu en zone littorale, est confirmĂ©e par plusieurs datations radiocarbone Ă la charniĂšre des Ve et IVe millĂ©naires. Architecture inĂ©dite en Centre Bretagne jusquâĂ cette dĂ©couverte, le cairn de Croaz Dom Herry constitue dans la pĂ©ninsule un jalon intermĂ©diaire entre les cĂŽtes nord et sud
Whole exome sequencing in three families segregating a pediatric case of sarcoidosis
International audienceAbstractBackgroundSarcoidosis (OMIM 181000) is a multi-systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown origin. Despite multiple genome-wide association (GWAS) studies, no major pathogenic pathways have been identified to date. To find out relevant sarcoidosis predisposing genes, we searched for de novo and recessive mutations in 3 young probands with sarcoidosis and their healthy parents using a whole-exome sequencing (WES) methodology.MethodsFrom the SARCFAM project based on a national network collecting familial cases of sarcoidosis, we selected three families (trios) in which a child, despite healthy parents, develop the disease before age 15Â yr. Each trio was genotyped by WES (Illumina HiSEQ 2500) and we selected the gene variants segregating as 1) new mutations only occurring in affected children and 2) as recessive traits transmitted from each parents. The identified coding variants were compared between the three families. Allelic frequencies and in silico functional results were analyzed using ExAC, SIFT and Polyphenv2 databases. The clinical and genetic studies were registered by the ClinicalTrials.gov - Protocol Registration and Results System (PRS)Â (https://clinicaltrials.gov) receipt under the reference NCT02829853 and has been approved by the ethical committee (CPP LYON SUD EST â 2 â REF IRB 00009118 â September 21, 2016).ResultsWe identified 37 genes sharing coding variants occurring either as recessive mutations in at least 2 trios or de novo mutations in one of the three affected children. The genes were classified according to their potential roles in immunity related pathways: 9 to autophagy and intracellular trafficking, 6 to G-proteins regulation, 4 to T-cell activation, 4 to cell cycle and immune synapse, 2 to innate immunity. Ten of the 37 genes were studied in a bibliographic way to evaluate the functional link with sarcoidosis.ConclusionsWhole exome analysis of case-parent trios is useful for the identification of genes predisposing to complex genetic diseases as sarcoidosis. Our data identified 37 genes that could be putatively linked to a pediatric form of sarcoidosis in three trios. Our in-depth focus on 10 of these 37 genes may suggest that the formation of the characteristic lesion in sarcoidosis, granuloma, results from combined deficits in autophagy and intracellular trafficking (ex: Sec16A, AP5B1 and RREB1), G-proteins regulation (ex: OBSCN, CTTND2 and DNAH11), T-cell activation (ex: IDO2, IGSF3), mitosis and/or immune synapse (ex: SPICE1 and KNL1). The significance of these findings needs to be confirmed by functional tests on selected gene variants
Additional file 1: of Whole exome sequencing in three families segregating a pediatric case of sarcoidosis
Table S1. Recessive variants found in at least two affected children of different trios. Possibly pathogenic recessive variants (polymorphisms) found by whole-exome -sequencing in at least two affected children of the trios (T). Chr., chromosome; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; QUAL., a quality parameter measuring the probability p that the observation of the variant is due to chance (for ex: QUALâ=ân, pâ=â1/n). As detailed in the text, AlamutÂź Visual integrates missense variant pathogenicity prediction tools and in silico study of variantsâ effect on RNA splicing, allowing the assessment of their potential impact on splice junctions and splicing regulatory sequences. AlamutÂź Visual helped us also to exclude well known mutations identified in recessive diseases for those genes which have been related to known genetic diseases (as shown in Table 3). (DOCX 23 kb