Qué sabemos acerca del perfeccionismo infantil en Argentina?

It is demonstrated that insane perfectionism arises at an early age and has important long-term clinical consequences. The objective of this work was to investigate what has been investigated about children's perfectionism in Argentina, highlighting the instrumental and theoretical advances that have been made in this line during the last 15 years. Different databases were consulted and institutional and personal contacts were established to collect the available information. We identified 15 empirical studies on the subject, carried out with children between 8 and 13 years of age, from different provinces and regions of the Argentine Republic. The corpus of analysis included scientific articles published in national and international journals, undergraduate and graduate theses, and research projects. Argentine research has been able to reveal which variables in the family environment and which characteristics of the child itself play an important role In the development of maladaptive perfectionism, and have demonstrated how it impairs psychosocial adjustment during childhood, putting at risk physical, social and emotional well-being. In relation to the diagnostic area, two psychometric instruments with proven validity and reliability were registered, as well as reference values t o establish the perfectionist profile of Argentine children according to their age and gender. Está demostrado que el perfeccionismo insano surge en edades tempranas y tiene importantes consecuencias clínicas a largo plazo. El objetivo de este trabajo es indagar qué se ha investigado sobre el perfeccionismo infantil en Argentina, puntualizando los avances instrumentales y teóricos que se han realizado en esta línea durante los últimos 15 años. Se consultaron diferentes bases de datos y se establecieron contactos institucionales y personales para recabar la información disponible. Se identificaron 15 trabajos empíricos sobre la temática, realizados con niños y niñas de entre 8 y 13 años de edad, pertenecientes a diferentes provincias y regiones de la República Argentina. El corpus de análisis incluyó artículos científicos publicados en revistas nacionales e internacionales, tesis de grado y posgrado, y proyectos de investigación. Las investigaciones argentinas han podido revelar qué variables del entorno familiar y qué características de los niños y niñas juegan un papel importante en el desarrollo del perfeccionismo desadaptativo, y han demostrado cómo éste perjudica el ajuste psicosocial durante la niñez, poniendo en riesgo el bienestar físico, social y emocional. En relación al ámbito diagnóstico, se registraron dos instrumentos psicométricos con probada validez y confiabilidad, y valores de referencia para establecer el perfil perfeccionista auto-orientado en niños y niñas argentinos según su edad y género

Nudging in education: from theory towards guidelines for successful implementation

Nudging is one of the strategies from behavioral economics that aims to influence behavior by changing the environment. We propose that it could also be a valuable means to influence behavior in educational contexts. However, implementation of nudging in education is yet sparse. We describe the relevant issues to consider when applying nudging in education, arguing that a focus on the long-term effects and underlying processes of a nudge is necessary for successful implementation. Then, we aim to facilitate this implementation of nudging in education by making a distinction between nudges that is relevant for overcoming these issues. Based on the framework proposed by Hansen and Jespersen (European Journal of Risk Regulation, 4(1), 3–28, 2013), we distinguish between Type 1 and Type 2 nudges, and transparent and non-transparent nudges, resulting in four nudge categories. For each of these nudge categories, we determine its suitability for different educational goals. The resulting decision matrix can help researchers and practitioners when designing nudges for an educational context