Accountability in school governance in Egypt

The educational system in Egypt is struggling in between challenges and reforms. The low quality of the educational service provided is, ultimately, negatively impacting students\u27 learning. This thesis deliberates how poor accountability in school governance is a major hinder in the improvement process, where the system lacks key practices, and standards, that are essential to enforce accountability measures and attain good governance. This study is a build up of three junctures; the first is the current state of knowledge in literature that discusses the effective accountability on quality of education in schools, and the linkages of enhanced comprehensive school accountability to positive impacts on quality of education. The second is a conceptual framework, based on models of work developed by the World Bank and the OECD, the framework sets the foundation of education as a public service, maps its stakeholders, and defines accountability relationships between them. The third is the analysis of qualitative data collected through in depth interviews with key informants to relate the literature backdrop to the Egyptian context. Semi-structured interviews were used to learn more about the role of key stakeholders identified, their relationships, the regulations governing these relationships, and the accountability lines between them in Egypt. This study finally recommends a comprehensive school accountability approach that is embedded in policy planning from day one, which is based on transparency, trust, and high engagement from stakeholders. It further lists specific recommendations on the four school accountability approaches underlined throughout the study; regulatory, performance, professional, and multiple approaches

The Inclusion of Children with Disabilities in Early Childhood Education

This paper addresses the issue of inclusion of Children with Disabilities (CWDs) in education, especially in early childhood education/programs. It outlines the challenges in this area, and issues a set of recommendations to address these challenges

دمج الأطفال ذوي الإعاقة في التعليم في مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة

This paper addresses the issue of inclusion of Children with Disabilities (CWDs) in education, especially in early childhood education/programs. It outlines the challenges in this area, and issues a set of recommendations to address these challenges