Human Skin Detection Using RGB, HSV and YCbCr Color Models

Human Skin detection deals with the recognition of skin-colored pixels and regions in a given image. Skin color is often used in human skin detection because it is invariant to orientation and size and is fast to process. A new human skin detection algorithm is proposed in this paper. The three main parameters for recognizing a skin pixel are RGB (Red, Green, Blue), HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) and YCbCr (Luminance, Chrominance) color models. The objective of proposed algorithm is to improve the recognition of skin pixels in given images. The algorithm not only considers individual ranges of the three color parameters but also takes into ac- count combinational ranges which provide greater accuracy in recognizing the skin area in a given image.Comment: ICCASP/ICMMD-2016. Published by Atlantic Press. Part of series: AISR ISBN: 978-94-6252-305-0 ISSN: 1951-685

Prolongation of a pregnancy with second trimester severe oligohydramnios to term: a case report

The occurrence of oligohydramnios complicating a pregnancy is seen in 0.8 to 5.5 % of pregnancies. Severe Oligohydramnios, though not clearly defined, but clinically with an AFI of less than 5 cm appears to be an important predictor for an abnormal fetal outcome. In general, the prognosis of mid trimester oligohydramnios is still poor. Hence we report a case with a very favourable neonatal outcome following severe oligohydramnios documented in early pregnancy. The aim of this case report is to add our experience to the currently limited literature regarding the best treatment of this unique obstetrical problem

Role of dual biomarkers and uterine artery doppler study in predicting PIH and IUGR in antenatal patients registered in a tertiary care centre

Background: The incidence of IUGR is between 3 to 7%, whereas that of Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is about 10% of pregnant women around the world. These conditions are associated with a high rate of perinatal morbidity and mortality, posing a need for the detection of the potential causes of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality and for the prediction of these conditions early during pregnancy.Methods: Patients with first antenatal visit before 10 weeks gestation underwent routine NT scan between 11–13 weeks with bilateral UAD-RI of the maternal uterine arteries. The placental volume was assessed. Serum dual biomarker test (β hCG and PAPP-A) was performed after this scan and analysed as multiples of median (MoM). Blood pressure was recorded at every ANC visit till 2 weeks after delivery. Neonatal head and chest circumference, birth length and weight were recorded.Results: The mean values of PAPP-A levels of Non-PIH and PIH groups were 1.32±0.91 MoM and 0.68±0.39 MoM respectively, showing statistically significant difference.  The serum PAPP-A levels showed statistically significant difference between Non-IUGR and IUGR groups (1.24±0.87 MoM and 0.46±0.20 MoM respectively).Conclusions: In our study, PAPP-A level is observed as a good indicator for possible prediction of PIH and IUGR whereas levels of β hCG and UAD-RI were not good predictors. The role of Placental volume in prediction of IUGR needs to be explored further with larger sample size. Future studies are needed with a larger group with inclusion of measurement of PI values

Delayed interval twin delivery of a fetus with a favourable neonatal outcome after a preterm delivery of the first twin: a case report

Assisted reproductive techniques have proved to be a boon for infertile couples. With advent of newer techniques, the incidence of successful multiple pregnancies has also risen. Considering the emotional and financial aspects of the treatment and the risk of preterm delivery in such cases, our intent is not only to salvage one of the twins in case of unfortunate preterm delivery of the other but also to deliver a viable second twin with better chance of survival and favourable neonatal outcome. The current case describes a 34-year woman with previous 2 failed IVF conceptions, on external progesterone support, carrying a twin gestation in preterm labour. Upon the inadvertent delivery of the first twin, a cervical cerclage was done, and she was given conservative management, including bed rest and head low position in view of short cervix, with an aim to delay the delivery of the other. An interval of 66 days was achieved with surgical as well as medical management, following which a healthy second twin was born

The Inhibition of Arginase by Proline in Cell-free Extracts of Mouse Mammary Tumour

Arginase activity was found to be increased in precancerous nodules and mammary tumour when compared with the mammary gland. Proline inhibited the mammary tumour arginase and up to 30 mmo1 concentration the inhibition follows first order kinetics. Hill analysis of the inhibition of arginase by proline showed that proline inhibits the arginase activity by competing directly at the active site without conformational change. The inhibition may be of regulatory importanec, involving a feedback mechenism in mammary tumours

Fast computation by block permanents of cumulative distribution functions of order statistics from several populations

The joint cumulative distribution function for order statistics arising from several different populations is given in terms of the distribution function of the populations. The computational cost of the formula in the case of two populations is still exponential in the worst case, but it is a dramatic improvement compared to the general formula by Bapat and Beg. In the case when only the joint distribution function of a subset of the order statistics of fixed size is needed, the complexity is polynomial, for the case of two populations.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figure

On 1-factorizations of Bipartite Kneser Graphs

It is a challenging open problem to construct an explicit 1-factorization of the bipartite Kneser graph $H(v,t)$, which contains as vertices all $t$-element and $(v-t)$-element subsets of $[v]:=\{1,\ldots,v\}$ and an edge between any two vertices when one is a subset of the other. In this paper, we propose a new framework for designing such 1-factorizations, by which we solve a nontrivial case where $t=2$ and $v$ is an odd prime power. We also revisit two classic constructions for the case $v=2t+1$ --- the \emph{lexical factorization} and \emph{modular factorization}. We provide their simplified definitions and study their inner structures. As a result, an optimal algorithm is designed for computing the lexical factorizations. (An analogous algorithm for the modular factorization is trivial.)Comment: We design the first explicit 1-factorization of H(2,q), where q is a odd prime powe