3 research outputs found
Effects of Deep Tillage and Straw Returning on Soil Microorganism and Enzyme Activities
Two field experiments were conducted for two years with the aim of studying the effects of deep tillage and straw returning on soil microorganism and enzyme activity in clay and loam soil. Three treatments, (1) conventional tillage (CT), shallow tillage and straw returning; (2) deep tillage (DT), deep tillage and straw returning; and (3) deep tillage with no straw returning (DNT), were carried out in clay and loam soil. The results showed that deep tillage and straw returning increased the abundance of soil microorganism and most enzyme activities. Deep tillage was more effective for increasing enzyme activities in clay, while straw returning was more effective in loam. Soil microorganism abundance and most enzyme activities decreased with the increase of soil depth. Deep tillage mainly affected soil enzyme activities in loam at the soil depth of 20–30 cm and in clay at the depth of 0–40 cm. Straw returning mainly affected soil microorganism and enzyme activities at the depths of 0–30 cm and 0–40 cm, respectively
Hydrogenated Oxygen-Deficient Blue Anatase as Anode for High-Performance Lithium Batteries
Blue
oxygen-deficient nanoparticles of anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> (H-TiO<sub>2</sub>) are synthesized using a modified hydrogenation process.
Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope
images clearly demonstrate the evident change of the TiO<sub>2</sub> morphology, from 60 nm rectangular nanosheets to much smaller round
or oval nanoparticles of ∼17 nm, after this hydrogenation treatment.
Importantly, electron paramagnetic resonance and positronium annihilation
lifetime spectroscopy confirm that plentiful oxygen vacancies accompanied
by Ti<sup>3+</sup> are created in the hydrogenated samples with a
controllable concentration by altering hydrogenation temperature.
Experiments and theory calculations demonstrate that the well-balanced
Li<sup>+</sup>/e<sup>–</sup> transportation from a synergetic
effect between Ti<sup>3+</sup>/oxygen vacancy and reduced size promises
the optimal H-TiO<sub>2</sub> sample a high specific capacity, as
well as greatly enhanced cycling stability and rate performance in
comparison with the other TiO<sub>2</sub>