Anti-inflammatory effects, nuclear magnetic resonance identification, and high-performance liquid chromatography isolation of the total flavonoids from Artemisia frigida

AbstractThe aerial parts of Artemisia frigida Willd. are used to treat joint swelling, renal heat, abnormal menstruation, and sore carbuncle. The anti-inflammatory effects of A. frigida have been well-known in folk medicine, suggesting that components extracted from A. frigida could potentially treat inflammatory disease. With the aim of discovering bioactive compounds, in this study, we extracted total flavonoids from the aerial parts of A. frigida and investigated their anti-inflammatory effects against inflammation induced by carrageenan and egg albumin in rats. At the doses studied, total flavonoids (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg) and some isolated compounds (30 mg/kg) showed significant and dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects. According to the high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the total flavonoids from A. frigida, there are five major compounds, namely, 5-hydroxy-3′,4′-dimethoxy-7-O-β-d-glucuronide (F1), 5-hydroxy-3′,4′,5′-trimethoxy-7-O-β-d-glucuronide (F2), 5,7,3′-trihydroxy-6,4′-dimethoxyflavone (F3), 5,3′-dihydroxy-6,7,4′-trimethoxyflavone (F4), and 5,3′-dihydroxy-3,6,7,4′-tetramethoxyflavone (F5), which may explain the anti-inflammatory activity

Structure elucidation and NMR assignments of an alkaloid from <i>Ixeris chinensis</i> Nakai

<p>A new alkaloid, 2-amino-1,6-dihydro-pyridine-5-carbaldehyde (<b>1</b>), together with four known compounds, namely 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (<b>2</b>), 4-hydroxyacetophenone (<b>3</b>), acetophenone-4-O-<i>β</i>-d-glucoside (<b>4</b>), 2-hydroxyl-6-methoxyacetophenone-4-O-<i>β</i>-d-glucoside (<b>5</b>), were isolated from the CHCl₃ extract from <i>Ixeris chinensis</i> Nakai. The structures of <b>1</b> was elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques.</p