Nanoparticle Formation in a Mixture of Fe, C, O[2] in Low-temperature Plasma in a Magnetic Field

The paper presents the results of researching a magnetic field influence on the formation of dispersed particles from the mixture of Fe+C+N[2]+Ar+O[2] at the temperature of more than 4000K. To optimize the composition of the plasmaforming gas, thermodynamic modeling was performed. The research establishes that an external magnetic field has a significant effect on the formation of a dispersed phase in the mixture of carbon and iron vapor. For example, in a powder obtained without a magnetic field, X-ray diffraction shows up to 95% C. In a powder obtained in the magnetic field of 15 mT, C (up to 50%), Fe[3]O[4] (up to 45%), Fe[2]O[3] (up to 15%), and FeO (less than 5%) are recorded. The observed results are explained by the coagulation of nanoparticles in the magnetic field

INHIBITION AS A METHOD OF AN IN-CYLINDER CATALYTIC COATING TESTING

In-cylinder catalytic coatings are used to improve IC engine performance and emission. Experimental investigations of coatings are normally accompanied with engine reassembly that leads to irreproducibility of results. Coatings can also change the conditions of mixture preparation and combustion. The factors mentioned above make it difficult to assess the catalytic activity of the coating. To eliminate the irreproducibility mentioned above and isolate the effects of a catalyst, an inhibition technique of in-cylinder coating testing has been proposed. The method consists in the “in situ” poisoning of the catalyst by inhibitors. With this method the engine is tested before and after inhibiting without reassembly and the results obtained can be attributed to the coating with more confidence. The applicability of inhibition method has been proved experimentally. An indirect-injection diesel engine with combustion chamber of variable geometry (VG), coated by MoSi2 and ZrO2 catalysts was tested using inhibition technique and a positive effect of the coatings on engine emission has been shown

EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ADDITIVES ON DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS

Alcohols have been used as an additive to diesel fuel. Two methods of alcohol addition have been considered: blending and fumigation. The effects of both methods on the performance and emissions of diesel engine have been studied and compared. The analysis was based on the fuel injection and combustion characteristics derived from indicator diagrams. The pros and cons of both methods have been emphasized and the recommendations of their application provided

Application of Ion Beam Processing Technology in Production of Catalysts

In this paper, the applicability of Ion Beam Processing Technology for making catalysts has been inves-tigated. Ceramic substrates of different shapes and metal fibre tablets were implanted by platinum ions and tested in nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) conversion reactions. Effectiveness of the implanted catalysts was compared to that of the commercially produced platinum catalysts made by impregnation. Platinum-implanted catalyst having fifteen times less platinum content showed the same CO conversion efficiency as the commercially pro-duced catalyst. It was revealed that the effectiveness of the platinum-implanted catalyst has complex dependence on the process parameters and the optimum can be achieved by varying the ions energy and the duration of implantation. Investigation of the pore structure showed that ion implantation did not decrease the specific surface area of the catalyst. Key Words: Catalyst, Ion Implantation, Noble metals