Investigating the prevalence of anxiety and depression in people living with patellofemoral pain in the UK: the Dep-Pf Study

Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common knee condition causing pain around or behind the kneecap which is exacerbated by certain activities. Traditionally it has been viewed as a self-limiting condition. Recent research proves this is not the case and the evidence for poor long-term outcomes is growing. Whilst the evidence base for PFP treatment and the understanding of its aetiology is improving, it remains a complex and difficult to treat condition. In many physical conditions, it has been shown that anxiety and depression negatively affect both their management and duration. It is unclear how prevalent anxiety and depression are in PFP. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of anxiety and depression in people living with PFP in the U

Increasing the use of research findings in four allied health professions

The research-practice gap persists in the allied health professions because they perceive or experience barriers to research utilisation. The focus of this work was on overcoming these barriers to increase research utilisation in four allied health professions: nutrition and dietetics, occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and speech and language therapy. There were two aspects to this: the development of an intervention and a critical review of measurement in the field.An action research project, involving interviews, focus groups, a critical review of manuals and a peer review process, identified a seven-step process to enable therapy managers to increase research utilisation. The seven steps of this process were the therapy manager, lead therapist, consultation process, action plan, making it happen, monitoring and evaluating and revising the action plan. This process was used to form the structure of the Turnkey manual. Fortyeight measures of research utilisation were identified for critical review and, with a few exceptions, there was a lack of rigour in the development of these tools. The conceptual framework developed suggested a profile of measures was needed to assess research utilisation. The Bannigan Utilisation of Research Profile is proposed as a basis for further research. As there were no sufficiently robust measures available to evaluate the effectiveness of the Turnkey manual a single case study was used to assess its utility. This identified that the model of manager and lead therapist was viable and that the Turnkey manual, with modification, is a potentially useful intervention.This work has demonstrated that research utilisation is still a nascent subject; there is a lack of definition, interdisciplinary research and coherence in the field. Systems thinking has been explored as a means of researching this complex concept, providing a way forward for interdisciplinary work and perhapsestablishing this emerging subject

An Understanding of Religious Doing: A Photovoice Study

The ability to participate in everyday activities that hold meaning and value is a determinant of health and wellbeing. Occupational therapists work with people when health and social barriers limit this valued participation. However a challenge persists in including religious practice or ‘doing’ within therapy, with many occupational therapists feeling ill-equipped and reluctant to address religious doing. The study reported here examines religious doing within the lives of participants from a number of faith traditions. A photovoice method is used, with participants discussing photographs that they have taken to describe their religious doing. Data are analyzed using a phenomenological reflective lifeworld approach. Findings are grouped into six themes and are explored using both verbatim quotes from transcripts and some of the photographs taken by participants. A reflective description of the core aspects of participants’ practical religious doing is constructed from the data, with the intention of providing occupational therapists with a basis from which to begin to consider practical religious doing within the lives of their clients. It is proposed that occupational therapists do not need an in-depth knowledge of theology and doctrine but rather an understanding of key and familiar occupational principles such as person-centred habits and routines, and community connectedness

Primary care models for community-dwelling adults with long-term conditions: a scoping review protocol

Funding Information: The authors would like to acknowledge support from the PenCLAHRC Evidence Synthesis Team. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Joanna Briggs Institute.Objective:This scoping review aims to map primary care models designed to support adults with long-term conditions. The review will analyze the following in relation to the models identified: characteristics, impact reported, implications for practice and outcome measures.Introduction:Robust solutions to support individuals with long-term conditions need to be established in order to increase health service capacity and provide cost-effective solutions while, most importantly, ensuring they receive the best services to live meaningful and productive lives.Inclusion criteria:The concept to be mapped is primary care models used to support adults living with long-term conditions. This may also encompass services not solely designed for people with long-term conditions; however, they will be services that may be the first port of call for this group. Operational a priori criteria have been designed to assist with distinguishing appropriate literature.Methods:Due to the nature of the scoping review, literature from a range of published and unpublished sources will be utilized from 1995 to 2019. Databases to be searched will include: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, HMIC, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Web of Science. Appropriate gray literature will be searched, alongside hand searching selected primary care journals, conference abstracts and professional and government bodies. Articles will be restricted to English. Titles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers for assessment against the inclusion criteria. Charting of the data will include details about the population, concept, context, study methods and key findings relevant to the review objective.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Aging, occupation and mental health: the contribution of the Research Centre for Occupation and Mental Health

The Research Centre for Occupation and Mental Health (RCOMH) was set up to develop world class research in occupation and mental health to influence best practice. This paper focuses on RCOMH as an international centre by exploring the drivers and rationale for RCOMH, summarising RCOMH’s activity, explaining how RCOMH is developing research programmes and elucidating how it is a vehicle for achieving WFOT’s goal of increasing research within occupational therapy internationally. The ‘Occupation and older people’s mental health’ research programme is used as an exemplar to illustrate how RCOMH is developing research programmes, share how research into aging, occupation and mental health is being progressed, and a current study is outlined. It is anticipated that this paper will encourage those working in mental health across the world to get involved in RCOMH’s endeavours or stimulate others to develop international collaborative research centres related to other areas of occupational therapy practic

Models of primary care for community dwelling adults with long term conditions- A scoping review protocol.

Objective This scoping review aims to map primary care models designed to support adults with long-term conditions. The review will analyze the following in relation to the models identified: characteristics, impact reported, implications for practice and outcome measures. Introduction Robust solutions to support individuals with long-term conditions need to be established in order to increase health service capacity and provide cost-effective solutions while, most importantly, ensuring people receive the best services to live meaningful and productive lives. Inclusion criteria The concept to be mapped is primary care models used to support adults living with long-term conditions. This may also encompass services not solely designed for people with long-term conditions; however, they will be services that may be the first port of call for this group. Operational a priori criteria have been designed to assist with distinguishing appropriate literature. Methods Due to the nature of the scoping review, literature from a range of published and unpublished sources will be utilized from 1995 to 2019. Databases to be searched will include: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, HMIC, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Web of Science. Appropriate gray literature will be searched, alongside hand searching selected primary care journals, conference abstracts and professional and government bodies. Articles will be restricted to English. Titles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers for assessment against the inclusion criteria. Charting of the data will include details about the population, concept, context, study methods and key findings relevant to the review objective

Determinants of tenancy sustainment following homelessness: A Systematic Review

Background: Tenancy sustainment—the maintenance of a tenancy to avoid a premature end of tenure—is fundamental to homelessness prevention. Understanding what enables a successful tenancy is essential to inform interventions to support people leave homelessness. Objective: To conduct a systematic review to identify determinants associated with tenancy sustainment following homelessness. Search methods: A detailed search of 12 electronic databases, as well as grey literature sources, was conducted in 2015 and updated in 2016. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42015019361). Selection criteria: All study designs with a population of homeless or formerly homeless individuals, in which tenancy sustainment was the primary outcome were included. Abstract and full text review was carried out independently by two reviewers. The methodological quality of articles was assessed using QualSyst, a validated quality appraisal tool. Data collection and analysis: A data extraction form was developed for the review and was completed by two reviewers to ensure accuracy. The heterogeneity of included studies indicated that a narrative overview of the results was most appropriate. Main results: Forty three articles reporting 38 studies were included. The determinants were categorized at four levels: individual, interpersonal, community and structural. Participation in specific programs, for example Housing First, receiving social support and being older were identified as the possible determinants of tenancy sustainment. Author’s conclusions: This systematic review is the first, to our knowledge, to focus solely on tenancy sustainment as a primary outcome. A range of determinants associated with tenancy sustainment was identified but it was difficult to draw strong conclusions due to the heterogeneity of the studies. Despite being a fundamental concept in homelessness research, tenancy sustainment is poorly defined and conceptualised. A deeper understanding of tenancy sustainment will inform the development and evaluation of interventions that support people to leave homelessness and maintain tenancies. Public health implications: Housing stability is central to preventing homelessness and addressing the numerous public health concerns that can co-occur with homelessness. Our review highlights that a standardized approach to measuring housing stability and more high quality intervention studies are essential in future research